Question 1

-phosphate-sugar-phosphate-sugar- is an example of a ____ backbone.

Accepted Answer

A) human 
B) chemical 
C) nucleic acid 
D) all the choices 
A) human 
B) chemical 
C) nucleic acid 
D) all the choices

Question 2

Which of the following is not a pyrimidine base?

Accepted Answer

A) uracil 
B) thymine 
C) adenine 
D) cytosine 
A) uracil 
B) thymine 
C) adenine 
D) cytosine

Question 3

Retroviruses infect host cells by injecting _____ .

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) RNA 
C) proteins 
D) plasmids 
A) DNA 
B) RNA 
C) proteins 
D) plasmids

Question 4

Recombinant DNA in genetic engineering is

Accepted Answer

A) DNA with an unusual ability to recombine. 
B) bacterial DNA. 
C) denatured DNA. 
D) DNA formed by combining portions of DNA from two different organisms. 
A) DNA with an unusual ability to recombine. 
B) bacterial DNA. 
C) denatured DNA. 
D) DNA formed by combining portions of DNA from two different organisms.

Question 5

An RNA chain being synthesized grows in the ____ direction.

Accepted Answer

A) 5' → 3' 
B) 3' → 5' 
C) either direction 
D) none of the choices 
A) 5' → 3' 
B) 3' → 5' 
C) either direction 
D) none of the choices

Question 6

A circular form of DNA located in the cytoplasm of cells is called a _____ .

Accepted Answer

A) plastid 
B) plasmid 
C) palindrome 
D) chromosome 
A) plastid 
B) plasmid 
C) palindrome 
D) chromosome

Question 7

The process by which an exact copy of a DNA molecule is produced is  _____ .

Accepted Answer

A) recombination 
B) translocation 
C) transcription 
D) replication 
A) recombination 
B) translocation 
C) transcription 
D) replication

Question 8

While the nitrogen base uracil is only found in RNA, ribose is found in both DNA and RNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Uracil replaces the thymine in DNA when RNA is produced.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following processes is associated with the production of protein from mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) replication 
B) transcription 
C) translation 
D) More than one response is correct. 
A) replication 
B) transcription 
C) translation 
D) More than one response is correct.

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises:  RNA that constitutes about 65% of the material in ribosomes, the sites of protein synthesis

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Ribosome and Messenger RNA and Ribosomal RNA is...

Question 12

Transcription and translation of the mRNA molecule in protein synthesis occurs in two different locations. Translation occurs

Accepted Answer

A) in the nucleus. 
B) in the cytoplasm. 
C) in the mitochondria. 
D) at the cellular membrane. 
A) in the nucleus. 
B) in the cytoplasm. 
C) in the mitochondria. 
D) at the cellular membrane.

Question 13

The smallest nucleic acid is _____ .

Accepted Answer

A) DNA 
B) rRNA 
C) tRNA 
D) mRNA 
A) DNA 
B) rRNA 
C) tRNA 
D) mRNA

Question 14

The goal of the human genome project is to identify and determine the sequence of the human genetic code which consists about 20,000 genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Chemicals which cause mutations are called _____ .

Accepted Answer

A) mutagens 
B) mutations 
C) genetic inhibitors 
D) genetic modifiers 
A) mutagens 
B) mutations 
C) genetic inhibitors 
D) genetic modifiers

Question 16

The tRNA anticodon and amino acid that correspond to the mRNA codon GUC are CAG and alanine, respectively.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A form of RNA carries information from the DNA in the nucleus to the appropriate site where proteins are synthesized. Why is it necessary to have an intermediate in the form of RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Proteins cannot be synthesized properly from DNA because the process calls for an additional step in the form of an RNA molecule because of the chemistry of synthesis. 
B) DNA is a large enough molecule that it can not leave the nucleus to move through the cytoplasm of the cell. 
C) The code carried in the DNA molecule is too large and must be broken down in to manageable pieces. RNA carries those pieces which are severed from the parent DNA molecule. 
D) The genetic code for proteins is inherited from one's parents in the form of the RNA molecule which moves throughout the cytoplasm. 
A) Proteins cannot be synthesized properly from DNA because the process calls for an additional step in the form of an RNA molecule because of the chemistry of synthesis. 
B) DNA is a large enough molecule that it can not leave the nucleus to move through the cytoplasm of the cell. 
C) The code carried in the DNA molecule is too large and must be broken down in to manageable pieces. RNA carries those pieces which are severed from the parent DNA molecule. 
D) The genetic code for proteins is inherited from one's parents in the form of the RNA molecule which moves throughout the cytoplasm.

Question 18

Phosphate groups in DNA connect the ____ positions of neighboring sugar units.

Accepted Answer

A) 3' and 5' 
B) 2' and 3' 
C) 1' and 6' 
D) 2' and 5' 
A) 3' and 5' 
B) 2' and 3' 
C) 1' and 6' 
D) 2' and 5'

Question 19

Enzymes used in genetic engineering to cleave DNA are called _____ .

Accepted Answer

A) restriction enzymes 
B) ligases 
C) hydrolases 
D) lyases 
A) restriction enzymes 
B) ligases 
C) hydrolases 
D) lyases

Question 20

Which of the following bases would be found in both DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D) More than one response is correct. 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D) More than one response is correct.

Exam 21: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

-phosphate-sugar-phosphate-sugar- is an example of a ____ backbone.

Which of the following is not a pyrimidine base?

Retroviruses infect host cells by injecting _____ .

Recombinant DNA in genetic engineering is

An RNA chain being synthesized grows in the ____ direction.

A circular form of DNA located in the cytoplasm of cells is called a _____ .

The process by which an exact copy of a DNA molecule is produced is _____ .

While the nitrogen base uracil is only found in RNA, ribose is found in both DNA and RNA.

Uracil replaces the thymine in DNA when RNA is produced.

Which of the following processes is associated with the production of protein from mRNA?

Transcription and translation of the mRNA molecule in protein synthesis occurs in two different locations. Translation occurs

The smallest nucleic acid is _____ .

The goal of the human genome project is to identify and determine the sequence of the human genetic code which consists about 20,000 genes.

Chemicals which cause mutations are called _____ .

The tRNA anticodon and amino acid that correspond to the mRNA codon GUC are CAG and alanine, respectively.

A form of RNA carries information from the DNA in the nucleus to the appropriate site where proteins are synthesized. Why is it necessary to have an intermediate in the form of RNA?

Phosphate groups in DNA connect the ____ positions of neighboring sugar units.

Enzymes used in genetic engineering to cleave DNA are called _____ .

Which of the following bases would be found in both DNA and RNA?

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