Question 1

A vertical wall of variable height that is often carved into a beach by wave action at high tide is called a .

Accepted Answer

A)  berm 
B)  beach scarp 
C)  foreshore 
D)  backshore 
A)  berm 
B)  beach scarp 
C)  foreshore 
D)  backshore B

Question 2

One mechanism by which sediments are transported in the surf zone is via longshore currents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

What is a beach? Define the term and describe features and processes that may bound the limits of a beach.

Accepted Answer

A beach is a zone of loose particles that covers part or all of a shore; a beach is also a type of depositional coast. There are landward and seaward limits to beaches. Vegetation, a sea cliff, sand dunes, or construction such as a seawall may characterize the landward limits of a beach. The seaward limit occurs where sediment movement onshore and offshore ceases. Beaches are built by wave action, particle size, and beach permeability.

Question 4

The beach scarp, a vertical wall of variable height, marks the end of the seaward profile of a beach.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Deltas are most common .

Accepted Answer

A)  on low-energy shores of enclosed seas 
B)  along convergent zones of the western margins of North America 
C)  near the west coast of South America 
D)  along the passive margin of the Atlantic coast of North America 
A)  on low-energy shores of enclosed seas 
B)  along convergent zones of the western margins of North America 
C)  near the west coast of South America 
D)  along the passive margin of the Atlantic coast of North America

Question 6

Australia's Great Barrier Reef is an example of how living organisms such as corals can influence coastlines.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which feature is typically found along Pacific-type active margins?

Accepted Answer

A)  thick sediment deposit 
B)  flooded valley 
C)  barrier island 
D)  plate boundary 
A)  thick sediment deposit 
B)  flooded valley 
C)  barrier island 
D)  plate boundary

Question 8

Coral reefs most commonly form .

Accepted Answer

A)  in the tropics 
B)  along the equator 
C)  near the poles 
D)  near river runoffs 
A)  in the tropics 
B)  along the equator 
C)  near the poles 
D)  near river runoffs

Question 9

Steep sea cliffs on erosional coasts are usually caused by .

Accepted Answer

A)  exposure of these features due to a drop in sea level 
B)  deposition of large amounts of sediment by waves 
C)  glacial erosion 
D)  the collapse of undercut notches of exposed bedrock 
A)  exposure of these features due to a drop in sea level 
B)  deposition of large amounts of sediment by waves 
C)  glacial erosion 
D)  the collapse of undercut notches of exposed bedrock

Question 10

Which  statement describes how volcanoes can shape the coastline?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lavas force waves cut through cliffs to form sea caves. 
B)  Lava flowing seaward from an eruption forms fresh coast exposed to erosion. 
C)  Volcanic eruptions fall on the ocean floor and form sea stacks. 
D)  Emptying of volcano chambers resulting in drowned river valleys. 
A)  Lavas force waves cut through cliffs to form sea caves. 
B)  Lava flowing seaward from an eruption forms fresh coast exposed to erosion. 
C)  Volcanic eruptions fall on the ocean floor and form sea stacks. 
D)  Emptying of volcano chambers resulting in drowned river valleys.

Question 11

What is an erosional coast and how are they different from other types of coasts?

Accepted Answer

Erosional coasts are new coasts in which

Question 12

It is believed that over the past two million years, world sea level has .

Accepted Answer

A)  changed, but not significantly 
B)  varied from about 6 meters above to about 125 meters below present position 
C)  varied from about 125 meters above to about 6 meters below present position 
D)  not changed 
A)  changed, but not significantly 
B)  varied from about 6 meters above to about 125 meters below present position 
C)  varied from about 125 meters above to about 6 meters below present position 
D)  not changed

Question 13

Over time, the amount of water in the world ocean has remained constant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which statement describes eustatic changes to local environments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tectonic motions and isostatic adjustment can change the height and shape of a coast. 
B)  Global warming can cause seawater to expand and occupy move volume. 
C)  High rates of seafloor spreading are associated with expansion in volume of oceanic ridges. 
D)  Global glaciation causes ocean water to freeze in land-based glaciers. 
A)  Tectonic motions and isostatic adjustment can change the height and shape of a coast. 
B)  Global warming can cause seawater to expand and occupy move volume. 
C)  High rates of seafloor spreading are associated with expansion in volume of oceanic ridges. 
D)  Global glaciation causes ocean water to freeze in land-based glaciers.

Question 15

A(n) is a bridge of sediment that connects a sea island to the mainland.

Accepted Answer

A)  inlet 
B)  tombolo 
C)  sand spit 
D)  bay mouth bar 
A)  inlet 
B)  tombolo 
C)  sand spit 
D)  bay mouth bar

Question 16

A longshore bar is a vertical wall of sand delineating the low-tide mark.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The Ganges-Brahmaputra delta is an example of a wave-dominated delta.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Breakwaters alter beaches by .

Accepted Answer

A)  diverting sand away from boat anchorages that the breakwater was built to provide 
B)  interrupting the progress of waves to the beach and weakening the longshore current 
C)  allowing freshwater to flow readily into the ocean 
D)  filling in bays or inlets 
A)  diverting sand away from boat anchorages that the breakwater was built to provide 
B)  interrupting the progress of waves to the beach and weakening the longshore current 
C)  allowing freshwater to flow readily into the ocean 
D)  filling in bays or inlets

Question 19

The movement of sediment (usually sand) along the coast, driven by wave action, is referred to as .

Accepted Answer

A)  wave reflection 
B)  foreshore current 
C)  longshore drift 
D)  estuarine drift 
A)  wave reflection 
B)  foreshore current 
C)  longshore drift 
D)  estuarine drift

Question 20

Estuaries are typically classified into four types depending on their origins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

A vertical wall of variable height that is often carved into a beach by wave action at high tide is called a .

One mechanism by which sediments are transported in the surf zone is via longshore currents.

What is a beach? Define the term and describe features and processes that may bound the limits of a beach.

The beach scarp, a vertical wall of variable height, marks the end of the seaward profile of a beach.

Deltas are most common .

Australia's Great Barrier Reef is an example of how living organisms such as corals can influence coastlines.

Which feature is typically found along Pacific-type active margins?

Coral reefs most commonly form .

Steep sea cliffs on erosional coasts are usually caused by .

Which statement describes how volcanoes can shape the coastline?

What is an erosional coast and how are they different from other types of coasts?

It is believed that over the past two million years, world sea level has .

Over time, the amount of water in the world ocean has remained constant.

Which statement describes eustatic changes to local environments?

A(n) is a bridge of sediment that connects a sea island to the mainland.

A longshore bar is a vertical wall of sand delineating the low-tide mark.

The Ganges-Brahmaputra delta is an example of a wave-dominated delta.

Breakwaters alter beaches by .

The movement of sediment (usually sand) along the coast, driven by wave action, is referred to as .

Estuaries are typically classified into four types depending on their origins.

An Ocean World

Plate Tectonics

The Ocean Floor

Water and Ocean Structure

Atmospheric Circulation

Ocean Circulation

Waves and Tides

Life in the Ocean

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Uses and Abuses of the Ocean

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Exam 8: Coasts

A vertical wall of variable height that is often carved into a beach by wave action at high tide is called a .

One mechanism by which sediments are transported in the surf zone is via longshore currents.

What is a beach? Define the term and describe features and processes that may bound the limits of a beach.

The beach scarp, a vertical wall of variable height, marks the end of the seaward profile of a beach.

Deltas are most common .

Australia's Great Barrier Reef is an example of how living organisms such as corals can influence coastlines.

Which feature is typically found along Pacific-type active margins?

Coral reefs most commonly form .

Steep sea cliffs on erosional coasts are usually caused by .

Which statement describes how volcanoes can shape the coastline?

What is an erosional coast and how are they different from other types of coasts?

It is believed that over the past two million years, world sea level has .

Over time, the amount of water in the world ocean has remained constant.

Which statement describes eustatic changes to local environments?

A(n) is a bridge of sediment that connects a sea island to the mainland.

A longshore bar is a vertical wall of sand delineating the low-tide mark.

The Ganges-Brahmaputra delta is an example of a wave-dominated delta.

Breakwaters alter beaches by .

The movement of sediment (usually sand) along the coast, driven by wave action, is referred to as .

Estuaries are typically classified into four types depending on their origins.

An Ocean World

Plate Tectonics

The Ocean Floor

Water and Ocean Structure

Atmospheric Circulation

Ocean Circulation

Waves and Tides

Life in the Ocean

Marine Communities

Uses and Abuses of the Ocean

Filters