Exam 1: Introducing Psychology

Describe the sociocultural perspective in psychology, including the terms cultural relativity and social norms; and explain why it is so important for a mental health professional today to take the sociocultural perspective into consideration when treating clients.

The heart of critical thinking is a willingness to actively __________ on ideas

To investigate the effects of a new drug for hyperactivity, one group of children is given this new drug, while the other group is given a placebo. The experimenter has his assistant label the drug and the placebo with letter names so that he will not know which group of children is getting the placebo and which group is getting the new drug until the end of the experiment. This researcher is using a

If a friend wishes to study the cognitive and emotional changes associated with the aging process throughout the life span, she should consider a career in __________ psychology.

Naturalistic observation, correlational studies, the clinical method, and the survey method are considered __________ methods.

Which of the following is the best example of covert behavior?

Which of the following statements regarding the process of introspection is FALSE?

The independent variable in an experiment is

Dermont is studying lists of items and definitions of specific terms. He is trying to overlearn these details because he will be taking a test in which the questions themselves will contain very little information. So, if he doesn't know the answer, he won't get much help from the questions on this test. Dermont will most likely be taking a(n) __________ test.

Describe six recommendations for improving one's general test-taking skills.

Which of the following is NOT a good guideline for taking tests?

Your client, Linda, who is a Native American, tells you that spirits live in the trees near her home. To be an effective counselor, you will need to judge Linda's behavior in relation to the values of the Native American culture. This example illustrates the idea of

The father of psychology and founder of the first psychological laboratory was

If a television ad tells you that a "life coach" can map out your entire career and financial future if you log-on and pay for three half-hour Web-based sessions,

Remembering your social security number would be considered an overt behavior.

One reason why it is incorrect to infer a causal relationship from a correlational claim is

On a daytime talk show, a television actress relates how she cured all three of her children's hyperactivity by using a special diet and exercise regime. She explains that interested parents can buy her book detailing this "cure" online starting today. As a critical thinker, evaluate this actress' claim of curing her children's hyperactivity.

You are conducting an experiment to determine if listening to music improves learning. If the average test score of the experimental group is higher than the average of the control group, then you can conclude that

Explain how the predominance of early Caucasian male psychologists introduced a narrowness into psychological theory and research, and briefly describe the role of women and ethnic minorities in the study of psychology from its early days to the present.

Explain why humanistic psychologists rejected the claims of psychodynamic theories and behaviorism, and then briefly explain the humanistic approach to psychology.