Exam 2: The Pursuit of a Healthy Diet

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Define the term lifestyle disease . Describe how an individual can play a major part in preventing this kind of disease.

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Match the term with the short phrase or description that best matches it.
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the average calorie intake that is predicted to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult of a defined gender, age, weight, height, and physical activity level
nutrient dense
control of consumption of energy; a feature of a sound diet plan
adequacy
a set of reference values for energy and nutrients that can be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy people
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the average calorie intake that is predicted to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult of a defined gender, age, weight, height, and physical activity level
nutrient dense
control of consumption of energy; a feature of a sound diet plan
adequacy
a set of reference values for energy and nutrients that can be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy people
EER
a range of intakes for a particular energy source that is associated with a reduced risk of chronic disease while providing adequate intakes of essential nutrients
variety
the average amount of a nutrient that appears to be adequate for individuals when there is not sufficient scientific research to calculate an RDA
requirement
the minimum amount of a nutrient that will prevent the development of deficiency symptoms
UL
the maximum amount of a nutrient that is unlikely to pose any risk of adverse health effects to most healthy people
phytochemical
vitamins and minerals that protect other compounds
balance
a feature of a diet in which different foods are used for the same purposes on different occasions
antioxidant nutrients
the attribute of a diet that provides no unwanted constituent in excess
EAR
refers to a food that supplies large amounts of nutrients relative to the number of calories it contains
RDA
a feature of a diet that provides a number of types of foods in harmony with one another
DRI
the average daily amount of a nutrient that is sufficient to meet the nutrient needs of nearly all healthy individuals of a specific age and gender
calorie control
nonnutritive substances in plants that possess health-protective benefits
moderation
characterizes a diet that provides all of the essential nutrients, fiber, and energy in amounts sufficient to maintain health
AMDR
the amount of a nutrient that is estimated to meet the requirement for the nutrient in half of the people of a specific age and gender
exchange lists
lists of foods with portion sizes specified; foods on a single list are similar with respect to nutrient and calorie content and thus can be mixed and matched in the diet
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Vignette #2 Julia and David are new parents of a 13-year-old girl, Zoe. They want to make sure they are feeding her the most nutritious diet possible. Julia makes an appointment with a registered dietitian at Zoe's pediatrician's office. David's first question is "Can you help us figure out what foods to feed Zoe that will prevent chronic diseases in her future?" Julia seems concerned about how to make sure Zoe gets enough essential nutrients. Imagine you are the dietitian. Using the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the MyPlate tool, answer the following questions. You show Julia and David the MyPlate graphic. What important principle can you best demonstrate to them using this graphic?

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Which foods make up the majority of the Mediterranean diet?

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The RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowances) for nutrients are generally ____.

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According to MyPlate, fat from which source should be limited in the diet?

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The concept of nutrient density is most helpful in achieving which principle of diet planning?

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What food item lacks phytochemicals?

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According to MyPlate guidelines, which food portion exceeds the equivalent of one ounce from the protein foods group?

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According to MyPlate, one egg is equivalent to 1 ounce of cooked lean meat.

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The only vitamins that must appear on a food label are vitamins C and A.

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Valerie is eating lunch at the college cafeteria and is determined not to gain weight during her freshman year at college. She realizes that controlling portion sizes is the key. Which visual reference could she apply to estimate one cup of pasta?

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Antioxidant nutrients are vitamins and minerals that react with oxygen, thereby protecting other compounds from damaging reactions involving oxygen.

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Bill is trying to eat healthier now that he is going to college. He takes a nutrition class and determines that his salt intake is very high from a diet analysis. Which characteristic of a healthy diet is Bill violating?

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