Question 1

One of the most significant legacies from our evolutionary history is our biological and behavioral flexibility.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

A woman who never becomes pregnant may have as many as _____ cycles between menarche and menopause.

Accepted Answer

A) 200 
B) 400 
C) 1,000 
D) 600 
E) 100 
A) 200 
B) 400 
C) 1,000 
D) 600 
E) 100 B

Question 3

How did the development of agriculture and animal domestication  affect human health?

Accepted Answer

The development of agriculture and animal domestication had both positive and negative effects on human health.

On the positive side, the ability to cultivate and grow crops provided a more stable and reliable food source for early human populations. This led to a more consistent and varied diet, which in turn improved overall nutrition and health. Additionally, the domestication of animals provided a source of protein and other nutrients that were not readily available through plant-based diets alone.

However, the shift to agriculture also brought about some negative health effects. The close proximity of humans to domesticated animals increased the risk of zoonotic diseases, which are diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans. Additionally, the sedentary lifestyle that often accompanies agricultural societies can lead to an increase in chronic health conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

Overall, the development of agriculture and animal domestication had a significant impact on human health, both positive and negative. It changed the way humans obtained and consumed food, leading to improvements in nutrition but also introducing new health challenges.

Question 4

The human preagricultural diet was

Accepted Answer

A) high in fats and low in carbohydrates. 
B) high in fats and animal proteins. 
C) low in fats and high in animal proteins. 
D) low in complex carbohydrates and calcium. 
E) high in fat and sodium. 
A) high in fats and low in carbohydrates. 
B) high in fats and animal proteins. 
C) low in fats and high in animal proteins. 
D) low in complex carbohydrates and calcium. 
E) high in fat and sodium.

Question 5

Great apes and women in foraging societies nurse their infants for approximately how many years?

Accepted Answer

A) 1-2 
B) 2-3 
C) 3-4 
D) 5-6 
E) 6-7 
A) 1-2 
B) 2-3 
C) 3-4 
D) 5-6 
E) 6-7

Question 6

Human milk is extremely low in fats and

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrates. 
B) minerals. 
C) vitamins. 
D) protein. 
E) glucose. 
A) carbohydrates. 
B) minerals. 
C) vitamins. 
D) protein. 
E) glucose.

Question 7

At birth, the human brain is only about 50 percent of its adult size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In some societies, old age is often correlated with all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) wisdom. 
B) knowledge. 
C) independence. 
D) new freedoms. 
E) higher status. 
A) wisdom. 
B) knowledge. 
C) independence. 
D) new freedoms. 
E) higher status.

Question 9

Explain and give examples of the importance and benefits of breastfeeding in humans.

Accepted Answer

Breastfeeding is incredibly important fo

Question 10

Whether we will become a different species in the future

Accepted Answer

A) is not a question we can easily answer. 
B) is a question that anthropologists have considered. 
C) is certain; we will all have big heads, big eyes, and four fingers on each hand. 
D) does not depend on the future course of evolution. 
E) is almost certain to occur in 100 years. 
A) is not a question we can easily answer. 
B) is a question that anthropologists have considered. 
C) is certain; we will all have big heads, big eyes, and four fingers on each hand. 
D) does not depend on the future course of evolution. 
E) is almost certain to occur in 100 years.

Question 11

What is the estimated maximum life span for humans?

Accepted Answer

A) 50 yrs. 
B) 80 yrs. 
C) 35 yrs. 
D) 100 yrs. 
E) 120 yrs. 
A) 50 yrs. 
B) 80 yrs. 
C) 35 yrs. 
D) 100 yrs. 
E) 120 yrs.

Question 12

Describe epigenomes and their effect on growth and development in humans. Give examples.

Accepted Answer

Epigenomes are a collection of chemical

Question 13

The contemporary diet typical of industrialized societies is basically unchanged from preagricultural diets.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The instructions that determine which genes are expressed in cells and how they are expressed are called

Accepted Answer

A) menarche. 
B) menopause. 
C) senescence. 
D) pleiotropic. 
E) epigenome. 
A) menarche. 
B) menopause. 
C) senescence. 
D) pleiotropic. 
E) epigenome.

Question 15

Explain the onset of reproductive functioning in humans.

Accepted Answer

The onset of reproductive functioning in

Question 16

One of the leading causes of death in the United States is infectious disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Why do human females have such a long period during which they can no longer reproduce?

Accepted Answer

A) Women lack libido in comparison to men. 
B) Women are biologically "programmed" to live 12-15 years beyond the birth of their child. 
C) Women need men to keep their infants fed. 
D) Women are not attractive after reproductive age. 
E) Women are more aggressive after reproductive age. 
A) Women lack libido in comparison to men. 
B) Women are biologically "programmed" to live 12-15 years beyond the birth of their child. 
C) Women need men to keep their infants fed. 
D) Women are not attractive after reproductive age. 
E) Women are more aggressive after reproductive age.

Question 18

Origin of food production

Accepted Answer

A) began approximately 5,000 ya. 
B) slowed down the pace of cultural change. 
C) began approximately 10,000 ya. 
D) has caused biological change to be accelerated. 
E) has caused technological advances to stop. 
A) began approximately 5,000 ya. 
B) slowed down the pace of cultural change. 
C) began approximately 10,000 ya. 
D) has caused biological change to be accelerated. 
E) has caused technological advances to stop.

Question 19

What are the effects of biocultural evolution on the individual?

Accepted Answer

Biocultural evolution has a significant

Question 20

In the United States, the primary determinant of health and nutrition is socioeconomic status.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

One of the most significant legacies from our evolutionary history is our biological and behavioral flexibility.

A woman who never becomes pregnant may have as many as _____ cycles between menarche and menopause.

How did the development of agriculture and animal domestication affect human health?

The human preagricultural diet was

Great apes and women in foraging societies nurse their infants for approximately how many years?

Human milk is extremely low in fats and

At birth, the human brain is only about 50 percent of its adult size.

In some societies, old age is often correlated with all of the following EXCEPT

Explain and give examples of the importance and benefits of breastfeeding in humans.

Whether we will become a different species in the future

What is the estimated maximum life span for humans?

Describe epigenomes and their effect on growth and development in humans. Give examples.

The contemporary diet typical of industrialized societies is basically unchanged from preagricultural diets.

The instructions that determine which genes are expressed in cells and how they are expressed are called

Explain the onset of reproductive functioning in humans.

One of the leading causes of death in the United States is infectious disease.

Why do human females have such a long period during which they can no longer reproduce?

Origin of food production

What are the effects of biocultural evolution on the individual?

In the United States, the primary determinant of health and nutrition is socioeconomic status.

Introduction to Physical Anthropology

The Development of Evolutionary Theory

The Biological Basis of Life

Heredity and Evolution

Macroevolution: Processes of Vertebrate and Mammalian Evolution

Survey of the Living Primates

Primate Behavior

Overview of the Fossil Primates

Paleoanthropology: Reconstructing Early Hominin Behavior and Ecology

Hominin Origins in Africa

The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo Erectus and Contemporaries

Premodern Humans

The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Modern Human Biology: Patterns of Variation

Modern Human Biology: Patterns of Adaptation

The Human Disconnection

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Exam 16: Legacies of Human Evolutionary History: Effects on the Human Life Course

One of the most significant legacies from our evolutionary history is our biological and behavioral flexibility.

A woman who never becomes pregnant may have as many as _____ cycles between menarche and menopause.

How did the development of agriculture and animal domestication affect human health?

The human preagricultural diet was

Great apes and women in foraging societies nurse their infants for approximately how many years?

Human milk is extremely low in fats and

At birth, the human brain is only about 50 percent of its adult size.

In some societies, old age is often correlated with all of the following EXCEPT

Explain and give examples of the importance and benefits of breastfeeding in humans.

Whether we will become a different species in the future

What is the estimated maximum life span for humans?

Describe epigenomes and their effect on growth and development in humans. Give examples.

The contemporary diet typical of industrialized societies is basically unchanged from preagricultural diets.

The instructions that determine which genes are expressed in cells and how they are expressed are called

Explain the onset of reproductive functioning in humans.

One of the leading causes of death in the United States is infectious disease.

Why do human females have such a long period during which they can no longer reproduce?

Origin of food production

What are the effects of biocultural evolution on the individual?

In the United States, the primary determinant of health and nutrition is socioeconomic status.

Introduction to Physical Anthropology

The Development of Evolutionary Theory

The Biological Basis of Life

Heredity and Evolution

Macroevolution: Processes of Vertebrate and Mammalian Evolution

Survey of the Living Primates

Primate Behavior

Overview of the Fossil Primates

Paleoanthropology: Reconstructing Early Hominin Behavior and Ecology

Hominin Origins in Africa

The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo Erectus and Contemporaries

Premodern Humans

The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Modern Human Biology: Patterns of Variation

Modern Human Biology: Patterns of Adaptation

The Human Disconnection

Filters