Question 1

Stresses imposed by living at high altitudes include

Accepted Answer

A) reduced availability of oxygen. 
B) reduced exposure to cold and wind. 
C) greater nutritional base. 
D) greater availability of oxygen. 
E) deficiency of red blood cells. 
A) reduced availability of oxygen. 
B) reduced exposure to cold and wind. 
C) greater nutritional base. 
D) greater availability of oxygen. 
E) deficiency of red blood cells. A

Question 2

Metabolic diseases such as rickets are most severe when they affect children during development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Melanocytes

Accepted Answer

A) are cells that produce carotene. 
B) cause skin cancer. 
C) only occur in dark-skinned individuals. 
D) absorb ultraviolet radiation. 
E) produce melanin. 
A) are cells that produce carotene. 
B) cause skin cancer. 
C) only occur in dark-skinned individuals. 
D) absorb ultraviolet radiation. 
E) produce melanin. E

Question 4

Define homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis is a biological concept refe

Question 5

___________and nitrogen isotope analyses of human bone provide the most information about diet.

Accepted Answer

A) Unstable carbon 
B) Stable ozone 
C) Stable argon 
D) Stable carbon 
E) Unstable argon 
A) Unstable carbon 
B) Stable ozone 
C) Stable argon 
D) Stable carbon 
E) Unstable argon

Question 6

Which of the following contributes most to skin color?

Accepted Answer

A) Hemoglobin 
B) Melanin 
C) Carotene 
D) Vitamin D 
E) Cold weather 
A) Hemoglobin 
B) Melanin 
C) Carotene 
D) Vitamin D 
E) Cold weather

Question 7

What is the adaptive value of dark skin tones in equatorial regions such as Africa? If all humans are ultimately from Africa, what hypothesis has been offered to explain why skin tones lightened as humans came to occupy more northern latitudes?

Accepted Answer

The adaptive value of dark skin tones in

Question 8

Acclimatization refers to

Accepted Answer

A) long-term adaptations of species to certain environmental conditions. 
B) an individual's short-term physiological responses to the environment. 
C) the appearance of a new species. 
D) slow genetic changes in populations. 
E) migration. 
A) long-term adaptations of species to certain environmental conditions. 
B) an individual's short-term physiological responses to the environment. 
C) the appearance of a new species. 
D) slow genetic changes in populations. 
E) migration.

Question 9

Mortality due to infectious diseases has decreased in recent years in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Discuss two physiological challenges faced by populations that live at high altitudes.

Accepted Answer

Living at high altitudes presents severa

Question 11

Discuss the relation of dental caries and the emergence of agriculture

Accepted Answer

The emergence of agriculture had a signi

Question 12

Ultraviolet radiation can be an important factor in selection for increased melanin production because UV radiation can cause

Accepted Answer

A) rickets. 
B) albinism. 
C) skin cancer. 
D) the destruction of foliage. 
E) drought. 
A) rickets. 
B) albinism. 
C) skin cancer. 
D) the destruction of foliage. 
E) drought.

Question 13

Vasodilation

Accepted Answer

A) reduces heat loss at the skin's surface. 
B) can be caused by exposure to cold temperatures and can be inhibited by some drugs, even alcohol. 
C) is the widening or opening up of capillaries, which in turn increases blood flow to the skin. 
D) reduces libido. 
E) is a myth. 
A) reduces heat loss at the skin's surface. 
B) can be caused by exposure to cold temperatures and can be inhibited by some drugs, even alcohol. 
C) is the widening or opening up of capillaries, which in turn increases blood flow to the skin. 
D) reduces libido. 
E) is a myth.

Question 14

Mechanisms for radiating body heat include

Accepted Answer

A) increased production of red blood cells. 
B) vasodilation. 
C) vasoconstriction. 
D) increased activity levels. 
E) increased metabolic rate. 
A) increased production of red blood cells. 
B) vasodilation. 
C) vasoconstriction. 
D) increased activity levels. 
E) increased metabolic rate.

Question 15

The folate hypothesis

Accepted Answer

A) contradicts the importance of the relationship between UV radiation and skin cancer. 
B) purports to explain why dark skin is advantageous in high UV environments. 
C) CANNOT explain why dark skin is advantageous in high UV environments. 
D) explains why dark-skinned individuals often have rickets. 
E) explains why leaves fall in autumn. 
A) contradicts the importance of the relationship between UV radiation and skin cancer. 
B) purports to explain why dark skin is advantageous in high UV environments. 
C) CANNOT explain why dark skin is advantageous in high UV environments. 
D) explains why dark-skinned individuals often have rickets. 
E) explains why leaves fall in autumn.

Question 16

Bergmann's rule

Accepted Answer

A) states that a linear body with long arms and legs is optimal for cold climates. 
B) concerns the relationship between climate and shape and size of appendages. 
C) states that bodies with increased mass or volume to surface area are optimal for cold climates. 
D) is based upon the principle that as arms increase in length, there is a corresponding increase in surface area. 
E) is based on the principle that heat is retained at the body surface. 
A) states that a linear body with long arms and legs is optimal for cold climates. 
B) concerns the relationship between climate and shape and size of appendages. 
C) states that bodies with increased mass or volume to surface area are optimal for cold climates. 
D) is based upon the principle that as arms increase in length, there is a corresponding increase in surface area. 
E) is based on the principle that heat is retained at the body surface.

Question 17

Which is true of populations living at high altitudes compared to those living at sea level?

Accepted Answer

A) Low birth weights are more frequent at high altitudes. 
B) Low birth weights are more frequent at low altitudes. 
C) People produce fewer red blood cells at high altitudes. 
D) Growth and maturation occur more rapidly at high altitudes. 
E) Chest and lung size are reduced at higher altitudes. 
A) Low birth weights are more frequent at high altitudes. 
B) Low birth weights are more frequent at low altitudes. 
C) People produce fewer red blood cells at high altitudes. 
D) Growth and maturation occur more rapidly at high altitudes. 
E) Chest and lung size are reduced at higher altitudes.

Question 18

Discuss three factors that are contributing to the reemergence of infectious diseases that used to be close to extinction.

Accepted Answer

There are several factors contributing t

Question 19

BCCs and SCCs tend to appear in middle age long after underlying genetic damage that occurred during childhood and adolescence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Hypoxia

Accepted Answer

A) is the reduced availability of oxygen. 
B) occurs at lower  altitudes because the atmosphere contains less oxygen at sea level. 
C) exerts no stress on humans. 
D) is a problem for people living at sea level. 
E) is closely related to dyslexia. 
A) is the reduced availability of oxygen. 
B) occurs at lower  altitudes because the atmosphere contains less oxygen at sea level. 
C) exerts no stress on humans. 
D) is a problem for people living at sea level. 
E) is closely related to dyslexia.

Stresses imposed by living at high altitudes include

Metabolic diseases such as rickets are most severe when they affect children during development.

Melanocytes

Define homeostasis.

___________and nitrogen isotope analyses of human bone provide the most information about diet.

Which of the following contributes most to skin color?

What is the adaptive value of dark skin tones in equatorial regions such as Africa? If all humans are ultimately from Africa, what hypothesis has been offered to explain why skin tones lightened as humans came to occupy more northern latitudes?

Acclimatization refers to

Mortality due to infectious diseases has decreased in recent years in the United States.

Discuss two physiological challenges faced by populations that live at high altitudes.

Discuss the relation of dental caries and the emergence of agriculture

Ultraviolet radiation can be an important factor in selection for increased melanin production because UV radiation can cause

Vasodilation

Mechanisms for radiating body heat include

The folate hypothesis

Bergmann's rule

Which is true of populations living at high altitudes compared to those living at sea level?

Discuss three factors that are contributing to the reemergence of infectious diseases that used to be close to extinction.

BCCs and SCCs tend to appear in middle age long after underlying genetic damage that occurred during childhood and adolescence.

Hypoxia

Introduction to Physical Anthropology

The Development of Evolutionary Theory

The Biological Basis of Life

Heredity and Evolution

Macroevolution: Processes of Vertebrate and Mammalian Evolution

Survey of the Living Primates

Primate Behavior

Overview of the Fossil Primates

Paleoanthropology: Reconstructing Early Hominin Behavior and Ecology

Hominin Origins in Africa

The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo Erectus and Contemporaries

Premodern Humans

The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Modern Human Biology: Patterns of Variation

Legacies of Human Evolutionary History: Effects on the Human Life Course

The Human Disconnection

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Exam 15: Modern Human Biology: Patterns of Adaptation

Stresses imposed by living at high altitudes include

Metabolic diseases such as rickets are most severe when they affect children during development.

Melanocytes

Define homeostasis.

___________and nitrogen isotope analyses of human bone provide the most information about diet.

Which of the following contributes most to skin color?

What is the adaptive value of dark skin tones in equatorial regions such as Africa? If all humans are ultimately from Africa, what hypothesis has been offered to explain why skin tones lightened as humans came to occupy more northern latitudes?

Acclimatization refers to

Mortality due to infectious diseases has decreased in recent years in the United States.

Discuss two physiological challenges faced by populations that live at high altitudes.

Discuss the relation of dental caries and the emergence of agriculture

Ultraviolet radiation can be an important factor in selection for increased melanin production because UV radiation can cause

Vasodilation

Mechanisms for radiating body heat include

The folate hypothesis

Bergmann's rule

Which is true of populations living at high altitudes compared to those living at sea level?

Discuss three factors that are contributing to the reemergence of infectious diseases that used to be close to extinction.

BCCs and SCCs tend to appear in middle age long after underlying genetic damage that occurred during childhood and adolescence.

Hypoxia

Introduction to Physical Anthropology

The Development of Evolutionary Theory

The Biological Basis of Life

Heredity and Evolution

Macroevolution: Processes of Vertebrate and Mammalian Evolution

Survey of the Living Primates

Primate Behavior

Overview of the Fossil Primates

Paleoanthropology: Reconstructing Early Hominin Behavior and Ecology

Hominin Origins in Africa

The First Dispersal of the Genus Homo: Homo Erectus and Contemporaries

Premodern Humans

The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Modern Human Biology: Patterns of Variation

Legacies of Human Evolutionary History: Effects on the Human Life Course

The Human Disconnection

Filters