Question 1

Drugs are available to lower cholesterol which actually inhibit its synthesis in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is true about neuropeptide Y?

Accepted Answer

A)  it leads to increased appetite 
B)  it is a melanocortin 
C)  it leads to supressed appetite 
D)  It is a steroid hormone 
E)  none of these 
A)  it leads to increased appetite 
B)  it is a melanocortin 
C)  it leads to supressed appetite 
D)  It is a steroid hormone 
E)  none of these

Question 3

Which are the three most common ketone bodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetone, formaldehyde, acetoacetate. 
B)  Acetone, butyric acid and oxaloacetate. 
C)  Acetone, β -hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate. 
D)  Acetone, β -hydroxybutyrate and oxaloacetate. 
E)  Acetocetate, β -hydroxybutyrate and oxaloacetate. 
A)  Acetone, formaldehyde, acetoacetate. 
B)  Acetone, butyric acid and oxaloacetate. 
C)  Acetone, β -hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate. 
D)  Acetone, β -hydroxybutyrate and oxaloacetate. 
E)  Acetocetate, β -hydroxybutyrate and oxaloacetate.

Question 4

Which of the following is not an advantage of fatty acids as a form of energy storage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fatty acids contain more highly reduced carbons than carbohydrates. 
B)  Their hydrophobic nature allows close packing in adipose tissue. 
C)  Storage of fats in muscle tissue makes it readily available for use during activity. 
D)  Fats contain more energy per gram than sugars. 
E)  They do not require water for storage. 
A)  Fatty acids contain more highly reduced carbons than carbohydrates. 
B)  Their hydrophobic nature allows close packing in adipose tissue. 
C)  Storage of fats in muscle tissue makes it readily available for use during activity. 
D)  Fats contain more energy per gram than sugars. 
E)  They do not require water for storage.

Question 5

The cyclization reaction that produces lanosterol in the course of steroid biosynthesis is remarkable because

Accepted Answer

A)  it involves large molecules 
B)  it involves methyl groups 
C)  of the extreme conditions under which it takes place 
D)  it is a concerted reaction 
A)  it involves large molecules 
B)  it involves methyl groups 
C)  of the extreme conditions under which it takes place 
D)  it is a concerted reaction

Question 6

What effect do high concentrations of ketone bodies have on blood pH?

Accepted Answer

A)  They tend to lower blood pH. 
B)  They tend to increase blood pH. 
C)  They have no effect on blood pH. 
A)  They tend to lower blood pH. 
B)  They tend to increase blood pH. 
C)  They have no effect on blood pH.

Question 7

Which of the following is true about the oxidation steps in β -oxidation of fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  NAD+ is the cosubstrate when the oxidation creates a double bond 
B)  FAD is the cosubstrate when the oxidation produces a carbonyl group 
C)  FAD is the cosubstrate when the oxidation creates a double bond 
D)  either NAD+ or FAD can be used to create a double bond 
E)  none of these 
A)  NAD+ is the cosubstrate when the oxidation creates a double bond 
B)  FAD is the cosubstrate when the oxidation produces a carbonyl group 
C)  FAD is the cosubstrate when the oxidation creates a double bond 
D)  either NAD+ or FAD can be used to create a double bond 
E)  none of these

Question 8

A key intermediate in the formation of "ketone bodies" is

Accepted Answer

A)  succinyl-CoA 
B)  methyl malonyl-CoA 
C)  propionyl-CoA 
D)  acetoacetyl-CoA 
A)  succinyl-CoA 
B)  methyl malonyl-CoA 
C)  propionyl-CoA 
D)  acetoacetyl-CoA

Question 9

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase uses which of these cofactors?

Accepted Answer

A)  thiamine pyrophosphate 
B)  Vitamin B12 
C)  NAD 
D)  biotin 
A)  thiamine pyrophosphate 
B)  Vitamin B12 
C)  NAD 
D)  biotin

Question 10

Where in the cell does fatty acid synthesis occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytoplasm. 
B)  Outer mitochondrial membrane. 
C)  Mitochondrial intermembrane space. 
D)  Inner mitochondrial membrane. 
E)  Mitochondrial matrix. 
A)  Cytoplasm. 
B)  Outer mitochondrial membrane. 
C)  Mitochondrial intermembrane space. 
D)  Inner mitochondrial membrane. 
E)  Mitochondrial matrix.

Question 11

Other than their use in nucleic acid synthesis, which energy source is used uniquely for the synthesis of lipids?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  CTP 
C)  GTP 
D)  UTP 
E)  None of these is unique to fatty acid synthesis. 
A)  ATP 
B)  CTP 
C)  GTP 
D)  UTP 
E)  None of these is unique to fatty acid synthesis.

Question 12

Which of the following is not a function of cholesterol in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Precursor of steroid hormones. 
B)  Energy storage compound. 
C)  Precursor of bile salts. 
D)  Component of cell membranes. 
E)  All of these are important function of cholesterol in humans. 
A)  Precursor of steroid hormones. 
B)  Energy storage compound. 
C)  Precursor of bile salts. 
D)  Component of cell membranes. 
E)  All of these are important function of cholesterol in humans.

Question 13

Which group of small molecules best fit the boxes associated with the reaction shown?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  III 
D)  IV

Question 14

ACP used in fatty acid synthesis is an abbreviation for:

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetyl-CoA phosphate. 
B)  Adenosine cyclo-phosphate. 
C)  Acyl Carnitine Protein 
D)  Acyl Carrier Protein. 
E)  None of these is correct. 
A)  Acetyl-CoA phosphate. 
B)  Adenosine cyclo-phosphate. 
C)  Acyl Carnitine Protein 
D)  Acyl Carrier Protein. 
E)  None of these is correct.

Question 15

When is propionyl-CoA carboxylase required for the complete oxidation of a fatty acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  When it has an even number of carbons. 
B)  When it has an odd number of carbons. 
C)  When it is a monounsaturated fatty acid. 
D)  When it is a polyunsaturated fatty acid. 
E)  Never 
A)  When it has an even number of carbons. 
B)  When it has an odd number of carbons. 
C)  When it is a monounsaturated fatty acid. 
D)  When it is a polyunsaturated fatty acid. 
E)  Never

Question 16

The conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA involves which of these cofactors?

Accepted Answer

A)  thiamine pyrophosphate 
B)  Vitamin B12 
C)  NAD 
D)  biotin 
A)  thiamine pyrophosphate 
B)  Vitamin B12 
C)  NAD 
D)  biotin

Question 17

The β -oxidation of fatty acids with an odd number of carbons requires additional enzymes to allow all the products to enter the citric acid cycle .

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The processing of one molecule of stearic acid (18 carbons) by β -oxidation

Accepted Answer

A)  requires 8 cycles of β -oxidation and produces 9 molecules of acetyl-CoA. 
B)  requires 8 cycles of β -oxidation and produces 8 molecules of acetyl-CoA. 
C)  requires 9 cycles of β -oxidation and produces 8 molecules of acetyl-CoA. 
D)  requires 9 cycles of β -oxidation and produces 9 molecules of acetyl-CoA. 
A)  requires 8 cycles of β -oxidation and produces 9 molecules of acetyl-CoA. 
B)  requires 8 cycles of β -oxidation and produces 8 molecules of acetyl-CoA. 
C)  requires 9 cycles of β -oxidation and produces 8 molecules of acetyl-CoA. 
D)  requires 9 cycles of β -oxidation and produces 9 molecules of acetyl-CoA.

Question 19

The components of lipoproteins such as LDL and HDL which makes them water soluble are

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins. 
B)  phospholipids. 
C)  unesterified cholesterol. 
D)  proteins and phospholipids. 
E)  All of these 
A)  proteins. 
B)  phospholipids. 
C)  unesterified cholesterol. 
D)  proteins and phospholipids. 
E)  All of these

Question 20

Which of the following statements concerning the anabolism and catabolism of fatty acids is true ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Biotin is required for oxidation of fatty acids but not for anabolism. 
B)  NADPH is required for anabolism of fatty acids and not for catabolism. 
C)  Anabolism occurs in the intermembrane space of mitochondria while catabolism takes place in the mitochondrial matrix. 
D)  Acetyl-CoA is not required for anabolism. 
A)  Biotin is required for oxidation of fatty acids but not for anabolism. 
B)  NADPH is required for anabolism of fatty acids and not for catabolism. 
C)  Anabolism occurs in the intermembrane space of mitochondria while catabolism takes place in the mitochondrial matrix. 
D)  Acetyl-CoA is not required for anabolism.

Exam 21: Lipid Metabolism

Drugs are available to lower cholesterol which actually inhibit its synthesis in the body.

Which of the following is true about neuropeptide Y?

Which are the three most common ketone bodies?

Which of the following is not an advantage of fatty acids as a form of energy storage?

The cyclization reaction that produces lanosterol in the course of steroid biosynthesis is remarkable because

What effect do high concentrations of ketone bodies have on blood pH?

Which of the following is true about the oxidation steps in β -oxidation of fatty acids?

A key intermediate in the formation of "ketone bodies" is

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase uses which of these cofactors?

Where in the cell does fatty acid synthesis occur?

Other than their use in nucleic acid synthesis, which energy source is used uniquely for the synthesis of lipids?

Which of the following is not a function of cholesterol in the human body?

Which group of small molecules best fit the boxes associated with the reaction shown?

ACP used in fatty acid synthesis is an abbreviation for:

When is propionyl-CoA carboxylase required for the complete oxidation of a fatty acid?

The conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA involves which of these cofactors?

The β -oxidation of fatty acids with an odd number of carbons requires additional enzymes to allow all the products to enter the citric acid cycle .

The processing of one molecule of stearic acid (18 carbons) by β -oxidation

The components of lipoproteins such as LDL and HDL which makes them water soluble are

Which of the following statements concerning the anabolism and catabolism of fatty acids is true ?

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water the Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins Enzymes Mechanisms and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code the Biosynthesis of Rna

Protein Synthesis Translation of the Genetic Message

Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Viruses Cancer and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

Integration of Metabolism Cellular Signaling

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