Question 1

Chemiosmotic coupling was first proposed by Peter Mitchell, who won a Nobel Prize for his theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Another name for Complex I in the mitochondria is

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytochrome C oxidase. 
B)  NADH-CoQ oxidoreductase. 
C)  succinate-CoQ reductase. 
D)  Cytochrome A oxidase. 
E)  Cytochrome bc1 complex. 
A)  Cytochrome C oxidase. 
B)  NADH-CoQ oxidoreductase. 
C)  succinate-CoQ reductase. 
D)  Cytochrome A oxidase. 
E)  Cytochrome bc1 complex.

Question 3

Coenzyme Q can act as an intermediate electron carrier, since the ketone group of the quinone structure is readily reduced to an alcohol.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

When mitochondria are actively carrying out aerobic respiration

Accepted Answer

A)  the pH of the matrix is greater than the pH of the intermembrane space. 
B)  the pH of the matrix is less than the pH of the intermembrane space. 
C)  the pH of the matrix is about the same as the pH of the intermembrane space. 
D)  the pH of the matrix versus the intermembrane space has nothing to do with whether not aerobic respiration is occurring. 
A)  the pH of the matrix is greater than the pH of the intermembrane space. 
B)  the pH of the matrix is less than the pH of the intermembrane space. 
C)  the pH of the matrix is about the same as the pH of the intermembrane space. 
D)  the pH of the matrix versus the intermembrane space has nothing to do with whether not aerobic respiration is occurring.

Question 5

Most athletes make better aerobic use of energy sources than non-athletes, since they actually have more mitochondria in their cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Another name for Complex III in the mitochondria is

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytochrome C oxidase. 
B)  NADH-CoQ reductase. 
C)  succinate-CoQ reductase. 
D)  Cytochrome A oxidase. 
E)  Cytochrome bc1 complex. 
A)  Cytochrome C oxidase. 
B)  NADH-CoQ reductase. 
C)  succinate-CoQ reductase. 
D)  Cytochrome A oxidase. 
E)  Cytochrome bc1 complex.

Question 7

Which of the following are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  all the components of the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain 
B)  all the components of the citric acid cycle but none of the components of the electron transport chain 
C)  all the components of the electron transport chain but none of the components of the citric acid cycle 
D)  all the components of the electron transport chain and one of the components of the citric acid cycle, namely the succinate dehydrogenase complex 
A)  all the components of the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain 
B)  all the components of the citric acid cycle but none of the components of the electron transport chain 
C)  all the components of the electron transport chain but none of the components of the citric acid cycle 
D)  all the components of the electron transport chain and one of the components of the citric acid cycle, namely the succinate dehydrogenase complex

Question 8

​ In an electron transport chain, the standard voltage that indicates the tendency of a reduction half reaction to take place is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction coefficient 
B)  reduction standard 
C)  reduction potential 
D)  standard potential 
A)  reduction coefficient 
B)  reduction standard 
C)  reduction potential 
D)  standard potential

Question 9

The pH of the mitochondrial matrix is ____ the pH of the intermembrane space.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher than 
B)  lower than 
C)  the same as 
A)  higher than 
B)  lower than 
C)  the same as

Question 10

Chemiosmotic coupling involves this process:

Accepted Answer

A)  Using an electron gradient to synthesize ATP. 
B)  Using a proton gradient to synthesize ATP. 
C)  Using oxygen flow to synthesize ATP. 
D)  Using a proton gradient to make water from oxygen. 
E)  These are all chemiosmotic processes. 
A)  Using an electron gradient to synthesize ATP. 
B)  Using a proton gradient to synthesize ATP. 
C)  Using oxygen flow to synthesize ATP. 
D)  Using a proton gradient to make water from oxygen. 
E)  These are all chemiosmotic processes.

Question 11

The yield of ATP from the complete oxidation of glucose is lower in muscle and brain from that in kidney, liver, and heart because

Accepted Answer

A)  there are fewer mitochondria in muscle and brain cells 
B)  muscle and brain cells have a lower requirement for ATP 
C)  different shuttle mechanisms operate to transfer electrons from the cytosol to the mitochondrion in the two sets of tissues 
D)  none of the above 
A)  there are fewer mitochondria in muscle and brain cells 
B)  muscle and brain cells have a lower requirement for ATP 
C)  different shuttle mechanisms operate to transfer electrons from the cytosol to the mitochondrion in the two sets of tissues 
D)  none of the above

Question 12

Iron deficiency in a cell can adversely affect electron transport at which of the following sites?

Accepted Answer

A)  coenzyme Q and FADH2 
B)  NADH and FADH2 
C)  cytochrome b and cytochrome c 
D)  coenzyme Q and NADH 
A)  coenzyme Q and FADH2 
B)  NADH and FADH2 
C)  cytochrome b and cytochrome c 
D)  coenzyme Q and NADH

Question 13

Oxidative phosphorylation is coupled to electron transport in

Accepted Answer

A)  Complexes I, II, and III 
B)  Complexes I, II, and IV 
C)  Complexes I, III, and IV 
D)  all four respiratory complexes 
A)  Complexes I, II, and III 
B)  Complexes I, II, and IV 
C)  Complexes I, III, and IV 
D)  all four respiratory complexes

Question 14

To calculate the Δ G of a redox reaction, you need:

Accepted Answer

A)  the reduction potential (E ° ) of the half reactions 
B)  the Faraday constant 
C)  the number of electrons involved in the transfer 
D)  none of these 
E)  all of these 
A)  the reduction potential (E ° ) of the half reactions 
B)  the Faraday constant 
C)  the number of electrons involved in the transfer 
D)  none of these 
E)  all of these

Question 15

​ Cytochromes are groups of proteins containing a _____ group.

Accepted Answer

A)  heme 
B)  hemin 
C)  corrin 
D)  chlorin 
A)  heme 
B)  hemin 
C)  corrin 
D)  chlorin

Question 16

Uncoupling in mitochondria refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Interruption of electron flow. 
B)  Stopping electron flow but not stopping ATP synthesis. 
C)  Stopping ATP synthesis but not stopping electron flow. 
D)  Blocking the electrons from NADH from entering the electron transport system. 
E)  All of these describe uncoupling. 
A)  Interruption of electron flow. 
B)  Stopping electron flow but not stopping ATP synthesis. 
C)  Stopping ATP synthesis but not stopping electron flow. 
D)  Blocking the electrons from NADH from entering the electron transport system. 
E)  All of these describe uncoupling.

Question 17

In the Q cycle coenzyme Q takes part

Accepted Answer

A)  in the oxidized and reduced forms only. 
B)  in the oxidized, reduced, and semiquinone forms. 
C)  in the oxidized and semiquinone forms only. 
D)  in the reduced and semiquinone forms only. 
A)  in the oxidized and reduced forms only. 
B)  in the oxidized, reduced, and semiquinone forms. 
C)  in the oxidized and semiquinone forms only. 
D)  in the reduced and semiquinone forms only.

Question 18

A cytochrome that can move freely in the mitochondrial membrane is

Accepted Answer

A)  cytochrome a 
B)  cytochrome b 
C)  cytochrome c 
D)  cytochrome c 1 
A)  cytochrome a 
B)  cytochrome b 
C)  cytochrome c 
D)  cytochrome c 1

Question 19

Which of the following components of the electron transport chain can only participate in one-electron transfers?

Accepted Answer

A)  NAD 
B)  FAD 
C)  coenzyme Q 
D)  cytochrome C 
A)  NAD 
B)  FAD 
C)  coenzyme Q 
D)  cytochrome C

Question 20

Which of the following is an advantage of using multiple steps in electron transport?

Accepted Answer

A)  By using several steps the net − Δ G is higher (more energy is released). 
B)  More heat can be generated by using small steps. 
C)  More energy can be captured to synthesize ATP by using small steps. 
D)  Small steps allow for both more heat generation and more ATP synthesis. 
E)  All of these statements are advantages of using multiple steps. 
A)  By using several steps the net − Δ G is higher (more energy is released). 
B)  More heat can be generated by using small steps. 
C)  More energy can be captured to synthesize ATP by using small steps. 
D)  Small steps allow for both more heat generation and more ATP synthesis. 
E)  All of these statements are advantages of using multiple steps.

Exam 20: Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Chemiosmotic coupling was first proposed by Peter Mitchell, who won a Nobel Prize for his theory.

Another name for Complex I in the mitochondria is

Coenzyme Q can act as an intermediate electron carrier, since the ketone group of the quinone structure is readily reduced to an alcohol.

When mitochondria are actively carrying out aerobic respiration

Most athletes make better aerobic use of energy sources than non-athletes, since they actually have more mitochondria in their cells.

Another name for Complex III in the mitochondria is

Which of the following are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane?

​ In an electron transport chain, the standard voltage that indicates the tendency of a reduction half reaction to take place is called _____.

The pH of the mitochondrial matrix is ____ the pH of the intermembrane space.

Chemiosmotic coupling involves this process:

The yield of ATP from the complete oxidation of glucose is lower in muscle and brain from that in kidney, liver, and heart because

Iron deficiency in a cell can adversely affect electron transport at which of the following sites?

Oxidative phosphorylation is coupled to electron transport in

To calculate the Δ G of a redox reaction, you need:

​ Cytochromes are groups of proteins containing a _____ group.

Uncoupling in mitochondria refers to:

In the Q cycle coenzyme Q takes part

A cytochrome that can move freely in the mitochondrial membrane is

Which of the following components of the electron transport chain can only participate in one-electron transfers?

Which of the following is an advantage of using multiple steps in electron transport?

Biochemistry and the Organization of Cells

Water the Solvent for Biochemical Reactions

Amino Acids and Peptides

The Three Dimensional Structure of Proteins

Protein Purification and Characterization Techniques

The Behavior of Proteins Enzymes

The Behavior of Proteins Enzymes Mechanisms and Control

Lipids and Proteins Are Associated in Biological Membranes

Nucleic Acids How Structure Conveys Information

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids Replication

Transcription of the Genetic Code the Biosynthesis of Rna

Protein Synthesis Translation of the Genetic Message

Nucleic Acid Biotechnology Techniques

Viruses Cancer and Immunology

The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in Metabolism

Carbohydrates

Glycolysis

Storage Mechanisms and Control in Carbohydrate Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Lipid Metabolism

Photosynthesis

The Metabolism of Nitrogen

Integration of Metabolism Cellular Signaling

Filters

In an electron transport chain, the standard voltage that indicates the tendency of a reduction half reaction to take place is called _____.

Cytochromes are groups of proteins containing a _____ group.