Question 1

Islam effectively countered the aggressive Christianity of Europeans, particularly

Accepted Answer

A) in the Brunei Sultanate in Borneo and in the Acheh Sultanate in Sumatra. 
B) in Safavid Persia and in the Ottoman Empire. 
C) in the Tokugawa Shogunate and the Manchu Empire. 
D) in South Africa and Zimbabwe. 
E) None of these is correct; Christianity usually won out. 
A) in the Brunei Sultanate in Borneo and in the Acheh Sultanate in Sumatra. 
B) in Safavid Persia and in the Ottoman Empire. 
C) in the Tokugawa Shogunate and the Manchu Empire. 
D) in South Africa and Zimbabwe. 
E) None of these is correct; Christianity usually won out.

Question 2

A woman seen in public in the Muslim world would most likely have been any of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) non-Muslim. 
B) elderly. 
C) very poor. 
D) slaves. 
E) married. 
A) non-Muslim. 
B) elderly. 
C) very poor. 
D) slaves. 
E) married.

Question 3

The martyrdom of Imam Husayn was remembered in the Shi'ite community with

Accepted Answer

A) emotional processions of Shi'ites through the streets. 
B) the Easter mass. 
C) a truce among all religious sects. 
D) the pilgrimage to Mecca. 
E) fasting. 
A) emotional processions of Shi'ites through the streets. 
B) the Easter mass. 
C) a truce among all religious sects. 
D) the pilgrimage to Mecca. 
E) fasting.

Question 4

Although European accounts discussed the custom of women wearing veils, which of the following is also true?

Accepted Answer

A) Islamic women wore elaborate headdresses of ostrich feathers and lace. 
B) Both Islamic men and women covered their hair, arms, and legs. 
C) Islamic women didn't cover the face or body. 
D) Islamic women were never actually seen by Europeans. 
E) There is no evidence that this is true. 
A) Islamic women wore elaborate headdresses of ostrich feathers and lace. 
B) Both Islamic men and women covered their hair, arms, and legs. 
C) Islamic women didn't cover the face or body. 
D) Islamic women were never actually seen by Europeans. 
E) There is no evidence that this is true.

Question 5

The Ottomans fought a two-century war with what powerful city-state?

Accepted Answer

A) Venice 
B) Genoa 
C) Carthage 
D) Moscow 
E) Aden 
A) Venice 
B) Genoa 
C) Carthage 
D) Moscow 
E) Aden

Question 6

One of the most significant stimuli for European expansion into Southeast Asia in the seventeenth century was

Accepted Answer

A) religious minorities trying to escape Protestant or Catholic persecution in Europe during the Thirty Years War. 
B) joint-stock trade companies. 
C) missionary work by Jesuits to stem the spread of Islam. 
D) the increased value of cotton due to the Industrial Revolution. 
E) European addiction to coffee. 
A) religious minorities trying to escape Protestant or Catholic persecution in Europe during the Thirty Years War. 
B) joint-stock trade companies. 
C) missionary work by Jesuits to stem the spread of Islam. 
D) the increased value of cotton due to the Industrial Revolution. 
E) European addiction to coffee.

Question 7

The rising status of Janissaries in the Ottoman Empire led to a refinement of their role in society. Which of the following were gains in their status?

Accepted Answer

A) being able to marry 
B) being involved in business and commerce 
C) becoming a hereditary order 
D) None of these are correct. 
E) All of these are correct. 
A) being able to marry 
B) being involved in business and commerce 
C) becoming a hereditary order 
D) None of these are correct. 
E) All of these are correct.

Question 8

A 1649 law transformed Russian peasants into

Accepted Answer

A) migrants. 
B) slaves. 
C) infidels. 
D) serfs. 
E) None of these is correct. 
A) migrants. 
B) slaves. 
C) infidels. 
D) serfs. 
E) None of these is correct.

Question 9

In 1453, the Ottoman capture of what city put an end to Byzantine rule?

Accepted Answer

A) Moscow 
B) Rome 
C) Jerusalem 
D) Constantinople 
E) Damascus 
A) Moscow 
B) Rome 
C) Jerusalem 
D) Constantinople 
E) Damascus

Question 10

Land grants given by Mughal rulers in return for service were called

Accepted Answer

A) Mansabdars. 
B) Mansabs. 
C) Mughalies. 
D) Mongols. 
E) Mamluks. 
A) Mansabdars. 
B) Mansabs. 
C) Mughalies. 
D) Mongols. 
E) Mamluks.

Question 11

After the Mongols conquered the region in 1258, Iranian scholars and writers

Accepted Answer

A) read and wrote only in Persian. 
B) read and wrote only in Arabic. 
C) were relentlessly persecuted under the Safavids. 
D) read Arabic as well as Persian, but favored Persian. 
E) opposed the government's forging of diplomatic ties with Mughal India. 
A) read and wrote only in Persian. 
B) read and wrote only in Arabic. 
C) were relentlessly persecuted under the Safavids. 
D) read Arabic as well as Persian, but favored Persian. 
E) opposed the government's forging of diplomatic ties with Mughal India.

Question 12

Why did the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires decline simultaneously?

Accepted Answer

A) inability to adjust to the changes in military technology and the world economy 
B) natural disasters 
C) the bubonic plague 
D) declining birthrates combined with fertility problems 
E) a religious prohibition against banking 
A) inability to adjust to the changes in military technology and the world economy 
B) natural disasters 
C) the bubonic plague 
D) declining birthrates combined with fertility problems 
E) a religious prohibition against banking

Question 13

In governing his "flock" or raya, the sultan saw himself as

Accepted Answer

A) being the model of meekness and passivity. 
B) providing equality to the sexes. 
C) providing intellectual and scholastic leadership. 
D) providing equality to all citizens. 
E) providing justice and military protection. 
A) being the model of meekness and passivity. 
B) providing equality to the sexes. 
C) providing intellectual and scholastic leadership. 
D) providing equality to all citizens. 
E) providing justice and military protection.

Question 14

The Safavid Empire covered what modern-day nation?

Accepted Answer

A) Iraq 
B) Iran 
C) Turkey 
D) India 
E) China 
A) Iraq 
B) Iran 
C) Turkey 
D) India 
E) China

Question 15

Describe the expansion of the Russian Empire in terms of language, religion, and ethnicity.

Accepted Answer

As the empire expanded, it incorporated

Question 16

In Iran, the mandated conversion to Shi'ism

Accepted Answer

A) was accepted as the word of god by the Sunnis. 
B) was accomplished peacefully in building a multinational empire. 
C) created a deep chasm between Iran and its Sunni neighbors. 
D) was only for the select members of the qizilbash in Iran. 
E) was done for purposes of unifying with the Abbasid Caliphate. 
A) was accepted as the word of god by the Sunnis. 
B) was accomplished peacefully in building a multinational empire. 
C) created a deep chasm between Iran and its Sunni neighbors. 
D) was only for the select members of the qizilbash in Iran. 
E) was done for purposes of unifying with the Abbasid Caliphate.

Question 17

According to the fatwas of Ebu's-Su'ud', what substance was considered reprehensible and illicit by the Shari'a?

Accepted Answer

A) Tobacco 
B) Alcohol 
C) Coffee 
D) Hallucinogenic mushrooms 
E) Sugar 
A) Tobacco 
B) Alcohol 
C) Coffee 
D) Hallucinogenic mushrooms 
E) Sugar

Question 18

One of the key teachings of the Shi'ite doctrine "Hidden Imam" is that

Accepted Answer

A) he is to lead the ulama to be under the control of the sultan. 
B) he is expected to return as a messiah at the end of time. 
C) he is to be found among the wandering ascetics. 
D) he is to be completely disinterested in political affairs. 
E) he is to inspire wars between the religious sects. 
A) he is to lead the ulama to be under the control of the sultan. 
B) he is expected to return as a messiah at the end of time. 
C) he is to be found among the wandering ascetics. 
D) he is to be completely disinterested in political affairs. 
E) he is to inspire wars between the religious sects.

Question 19

The Mughal Empire was quite prosperous in the sixteenth century because they

Accepted Answer

A) traded cotton cloth. 
B) had an efficient government system. 
C) faced few external threats. 
D) All of these are correct. 
E) had efficient government system and faced few external threats 
A) traded cotton cloth. 
B) had an efficient government system. 
C) faced few external threats. 
D) All of these are correct. 
E) had efficient government system and faced few external threats

Question 20

What was the primary feature that distinguished the Mughal Empire from the Ottomans and Safavids? Explain your answer in detail.

Accepted Answer

Students should recognize that India was

Exam 20: Between Europe and China

Islam effectively countered the aggressive Christianity of Europeans, particularly

A woman seen in public in the Muslim world would most likely have been any of the following except

The martyrdom of Imam Husayn was remembered in the Shi'ite community with

Although European accounts discussed the custom of women wearing veils, which of the following is also true?

The Ottomans fought a two-century war with what powerful city-state?

One of the most significant stimuli for European expansion into Southeast Asia in the seventeenth century was

The rising status of Janissaries in the Ottoman Empire led to a refinement of their role in society. Which of the following were gains in their status?

A 1649 law transformed Russian peasants into

In 1453, the Ottoman capture of what city put an end to Byzantine rule?

Land grants given by Mughal rulers in return for service were called

After the Mongols conquered the region in 1258, Iranian scholars and writers

Why did the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires decline simultaneously?

In governing his "flock" or raya, the sultan saw himself as

The Safavid Empire covered what modern-day nation?

Describe the expansion of the Russian Empire in terms of language, religion, and ethnicity.

In Iran, the mandated conversion to Shi'ism

According to the fatwas of Ebu's-Su'ud', what substance was considered reprehensible and illicit by the Shari'a?

One of the key teachings of the Shi'ite doctrine "Hidden Imam" is that

The Mughal Empire was quite prosperous in the sixteenth century because they

What was the primary feature that distinguished the Mughal Empire from the Ottomans and Safavids? Explain your answer in detail.

Nature, Humanity, and History

The First River-Valley Civilizations

The Mediterranean and Middle East

New Civilizations Outside the West Asian Core Area

Greece and Iran

An Age of Empires: Rome and Han China

India and Southeast Asia

Peoples and Civilizations of the Americas

Networks of Communication and Exchange

The Sasanid Empire and the Rise of Islam

Christian Societies Emerge in Europe

Inner and East Asia

Mongol Eurasia and Its Aftermath

Latin Europe

Southern Empires, Southern Seas

The Maritime Revolution

Transformations in Europe

The Diversity of American Colonial Societies

The Atlantic System and Africa

East Asia in Global Perspective

The Early Industrial Revolution

Revolutionary Changes in the Atlantic World

Land Empires in the Age of Imperialism

Nation Building and Economic Transformation in the Americas

Varieties of Imperialism in Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and Latin America

The New Power Balance

The Crisis of the Imperial Order

The Collapse of the Old Order

Revolutions in Living

The Cold War and Decolonization

The End of the Cold War and the Challenge of Economic Development and Immigration

New Challenges in a New Millennium

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