Question 1

The process of beta decay results in what change in the atomic number?

Accepted Answer

A) a decrease of 2 
B) a decrease of 1 
C) an increase of 1 
D) no change 
A) a decrease of 2 
B) a decrease of 1 
C) an increase of 1 
D) no change

Question 2

Nitrogen-13 has a half-life of 10 minutes.How much of a 128 mg sample would remain after 40 minutes?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 mg 
B) 8 mg 
C) 16 mg 
D) 32 mg 
A) 4 mg 
B) 8 mg 
C) 16 mg 
D) 32 mg

Question 3

Ernest Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 with alpha particles and produced oxygen-17 and a proton.What was the significance of this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) It showed that most of the mass of an atom is in its nucleus. 
B) It was the first time that protons were produced. 
C) It showed that protons were part of the nucleus for an atom other than hydrogen. 
D) It showed that the nucleus contains protons and neutrons. 
A) It showed that most of the mass of an atom is in its nucleus. 
B) It was the first time that protons were produced. 
C) It showed that protons were part of the nucleus for an atom other than hydrogen. 
D) It showed that the nucleus contains protons and neutrons.

Question 4

Gadolinium-153 is the most widely used radioisotope in medicine.It is used for the detection of

Accepted Answer

A) lung tumor. 
B) skin cancer. 
C) osteoporosis. 
D) heart problems. 
A) lung tumor. 
B) skin cancer. 
C) osteoporosis. 
D) heart problems.

Question 5

The radioisotope used to detect anemia is

Accepted Answer

A) gadolinium-153. 
B) iron-59. 
C) plutonium-238. 
D) iodine-131. 
A) gadolinium-153. 
B) iron-59. 
C) plutonium-238. 
D) iodine-131.

Question 6

After one half-life,50% of a radioactive sample will remain.After the second half-life,none of the radioactivity will be left.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In the fission of uranium-235,which particle causes and propagates the chain reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha particle 
B) beta particle 
C) neutron 
D) electron 
A) alpha particle 
B) beta particle 
C) neutron 
D) electron

Question 8

Discuss why radioisotopes are used as tracers in medical diagnostics and research.

Accepted Answer

They react in exactly the same

Question 9

If it were possible to obtain a cubic centimeter of pure atomic nuclei,its mass would be approximately

Accepted Answer

A) 1 g. 
B) 19 g. 
C) 1)0 × 10⁸ metric tons. 
D) 1 kg. 
A) 1 g. 
B) 19 g. 
C) 1)0 × 10⁸ metric tons. 
D) 1 kg.

Question 10

The process of positron emission results in what change in the atomic number?

Accepted Answer

A) a decrease of 2 
B) a decrease of 1 
C) an increase of 1 
D) no change 
A) a decrease of 2 
B) a decrease of 1 
C) an increase of 1 
D) no change

Question 11

Naturally occurring uranium contains approximately what percentage of uranium-235,the isotope that undergoes fission?

Accepted Answer

A) 0)72% 
B) 10% 
C) 50% 
D) 100% 
A) 0)72% 
B) 10% 
C) 50% 
D) 100%

Question 12

In 1932,James Chadwick bombarded beryllium-9 with alpha particles.One product was a neutron.This led to the direct experimental verification of the existence of neutrons.The other product of Chadwick's nuclear reaction was

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen-14. 
B) carbon-12. 
C) boron-12. 
D) helium-4. 
A) nitrogen-14. 
B) carbon-12. 
C) boron-12. 
D) helium-4.

Question 13

Alpha particles can be stopped by a

Accepted Answer

A) sheet of paper. 
B) block of wood. 
C) thin sheet of aluminum. 
D) all of these 
A) sheet of paper. 
B) block of wood. 
C) thin sheet of aluminum. 
D) all of these

Question 14

Radiation with enough energy to knock electrons off atoms or molecules is known as

Accepted Answer

A) electron capture. 
B) fundamental radiation 
C) ionizing radiation. 
D) transmuting radiation. 
A) electron capture. 
B) fundamental radiation 
C) ionizing radiation. 
D) transmuting radiation.

Question 15

Positron emission tomography (PET)is a

Accepted Answer

A) therapy for cancer using positrons. 
B) diagnostic technique for monitoring dynamic processes in the body, such as brain activity. 
C) device for containing a nuclear fusion reaction. 
D) mechanism for transmutation of elements. 
A) therapy for cancer using positrons. 
B) diagnostic technique for monitoring dynamic processes in the body, such as brain activity. 
C) device for containing a nuclear fusion reaction. 
D) mechanism for transmutation of elements.

Question 16

Radioactive isotopes and nonradioactive isotopes of an element react essentially identically.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The major part of the average exposure of humans to radiation comes from

Accepted Answer

A) nuclear power plants. 
B) diagnostic X-rays. 
C) other human made sources. 
D) naturally occurring sources. 
A) nuclear power plants. 
B) diagnostic X-rays. 
C) other human made sources. 
D) naturally occurring sources.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the use of radioisotopes to irradiate foods is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Radioisotopes kill microorganisms that cause food spoilage. 
B) The taste and appearance of irradiated food undergoes a major change. 
C) There is no residual radiation left in the food after irradiation. 
D) Irradiation has been used for years in some countries. 
A) Radioisotopes kill microorganisms that cause food spoilage. 
B) The taste and appearance of irradiated food undergoes a major change. 
C) There is no residual radiation left in the food after irradiation. 
D) Irradiation has been used for years in some countries.

Question 19

Although Albert Einstein is considered one of the greatest scientists of all time,his work generally did not involve much of an aspect that is traditionally associated with science.That aspect is

Accepted Answer

A) creativity. 
B) mathematics. 
C) theories. 
D) experiments. 
A) creativity. 
B) mathematics. 
C) theories. 
D) experiments.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about nuclear power plants is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) They generate some of the electricity used in the United States and Europe. 
B) The uranium fuel used contains about 3% of ²³⁵U. 
C) The uranium fuel used contains over 90% of ²³⁵U. 
D) They generate a considerable amount of radioactive waste. 
A) They generate some of the electricity used in the United States and Europe. 
B) The uranium fuel used contains about 3% of ²³⁵U. 
C) The uranium fuel used contains over 90% of ²³⁵U. 
D) They generate a considerable amount of radioactive waste.

Exam 11: Nuclear Chemistry

The process of beta decay results in what change in the atomic number?

Nitrogen-13 has a half-life of 10 minutes.How much of a 128 mg sample would remain after 40 minutes?

Ernest Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 with alpha particles and produced oxygen-17 and a proton.What was the significance of this experiment?

Gadolinium-153 is the most widely used radioisotope in medicine.It is used for the detection of

The radioisotope used to detect anemia is

After one half-life,50% of a radioactive sample will remain.After the second half-life,none of the radioactivity will be left.

In the fission of uranium-235,which particle causes and propagates the chain reaction?

Discuss why radioisotopes are used as tracers in medical diagnostics and research.

If it were possible to obtain a cubic centimeter of pure atomic nuclei,its mass would be approximately

The process of positron emission results in what change in the atomic number?

Naturally occurring uranium contains approximately what percentage of uranium-235,the isotope that undergoes fission?

In 1932,James Chadwick bombarded beryllium-9 with alpha particles.One product was a neutron.This led to the direct experimental verification of the existence of neutrons.The other product of Chadwick's nuclear reaction was

Alpha particles can be stopped by a

Radiation with enough energy to knock electrons off atoms or molecules is known as

Positron emission tomography (PET)is a

Radioactive isotopes and nonradioactive isotopes of an element react essentially identically.

The major part of the average exposure of humans to radiation comes from

Which of the following statements about the use of radioisotopes to irradiate foods is NOT true?

Although Albert Einstein is considered one of the greatest scientists of all time,his work generally did not involve much of an aspect that is traditionally associated with science.That aspect is

Which of the following statements about nuclear power plants is NOT true?

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