Question 1

Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A) Proline 
B) Tyrosine 
C) Aspartic acid 
D) Lysine 
E) Alanine 
A) Proline 
B) Tyrosine 
C) Aspartic acid 
D) Lysine 
E) Alanine

Question 2

What are conditionally essential amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A) Those amino acids that are synthesized by the body in excess quantities 
B) Those amino acids that cannot be synthesized by the body at all and should be taken in through the diet to meet the required amounts 
C) Those amino acids that are normally nonessential but must be supplied through the diet when the need for it exceeds the body's ability to produce it 
D) Those amino acids that are easily synthesized by the body and are not required to be consumed through the diet 
E) Those amino acids that are required by the body in minute quantities 
A) Those amino acids that are synthesized by the body in excess quantities 
B) Those amino acids that cannot be synthesized by the body at all and should be taken in through the diet to meet the required amounts 
C) Those amino acids that are normally nonessential but must be supplied through the diet when the need for it exceeds the body's ability to produce it 
D) Those amino acids that are easily synthesized by the body and are not required to be consumed through the diet 
E) Those amino acids that are required by the body in minute quantities

Question 3

In sickle-cell disease, which of the following amino acids replaces glutamic acid in hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A) Glycine 
B) Tyrosine 
C) Serine 
D) Valine 
E) Lysine 
A) Glycine 
B) Tyrosine 
C) Serine 
D) Valine 
E) Lysine

Question 4

Identify the function of protein buffers in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) They provide immunity against foreign substances that invade the body. 
B) They prevent the entry of sodium inside the cells and the exit of potassium from the cells. 
C) They prevent excessive fluid leakage from cells. 
D) They pick up and release excess hydrogens from the blood to balance its pH. 
E) They ensure that the blood glucose level is maintained within a specific range. 
A) They provide immunity against foreign substances that invade the body. 
B) They prevent the entry of sodium inside the cells and the exit of potassium from the cells. 
C) They prevent excessive fluid leakage from cells. 
D) They pick up and release excess hydrogens from the blood to balance its pH. 
E) They ensure that the blood glucose level is maintained within a specific range.

Question 5

Which of the following is true of a catalyst?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a group of proteins produced by the immune system in response to an invasion by foreign substances. 
B) It is a chemical messenger secreted by body organs in response to conditions that require regulation. 
C) It is a substance that hastens the rate of a chemical reaction without permanently altering itself. 
D) It is a protein that helps transport different substances around the body. 
E) It is a compound that helps maintain the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. 
A) It is a group of proteins produced by the immune system in response to an invasion by foreign substances. 
B) It is a chemical messenger secreted by body organs in response to conditions that require regulation. 
C) It is a substance that hastens the rate of a chemical reaction without permanently altering itself. 
D) It is a protein that helps transport different substances around the body. 
E) It is a compound that helps maintain the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.

Question 6

A 23-year-old male college student, who has a sedentary lifestyle, weighs 175 pounds. What is his DRI for protein?

Accepted Answer

A) 46 grams\day 
B) 64 grams\day 
C) 86 grams\day 
D) 140 grams\day 
E) 175 grams\day 
A) 46 grams\day 
B) 64 grams\day 
C) 86 grams\day 
D) 140 grams\day 
E) 175 grams\day

Question 7

Nutrient-dense vegetarian diets require much less land, water, fuel, and other resources to produce when compared to diets high in meats, cheeses, and highly processed foods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following cooking methods would you use to increase the digestibility of protein?

Accepted Answer

A) Grilling 
B) Smoking 
C) Frying 
D) Stewing 
E) Baking 
A) Grilling 
B) Smoking 
C) Frying 
D) Stewing 
E) Baking

Question 9

An overemphasis on protein-rich foods can lead to:

Accepted Answer

A) a low intake of iron 
B) a low intake of vitamin B  12  
C) an excessive intake of vitamin C 
D) a low intake of all vitamins 
E) a low intake of folate 
A) a low intake of iron 
B) a low intake of vitamin B  12  
C) an excessive intake of vitamin C 
D) a low intake of all vitamins 
E) a low intake of folate

Question 10

Who among the following will have the highest protein DRI per unit of body weight?

Accepted Answer

A) A 28-year-old woman 
B) A 6-year-old child 
C) A 40-year-old man 
D) A 34-year-old woman 
E) A 28-year-old man 
A) A 28-year-old woman 
B) A 6-year-old child 
C) A 40-year-old man 
D) A 34-year-old woman 
E) A 28-year-old man

Question 11

Which of the following proteins is necessary to regulate blood glucose concentration?

Accepted Answer

A) Insulin 
B) Collagen 
C) Hemoglobin 
D) Keratin 
E) Serotonin 
A) Insulin 
B) Collagen 
C) Hemoglobin 
D) Keratin 
E) Serotonin

Question 12

What is the DRI for protein for a 40-year-old man who is 6′4″ tall and weighs 180 pounds?

Accepted Answer

A) 34 grams 
B) 49 grams 
C) 65 grams 
D) 144 grams 
E) 180 grams 
A) 34 grams 
B) 49 grams 
C) 65 grams 
D) 144 grams 
E) 180 grams

Question 13

Proteins use the process of active transport to move substances by:

Accepted Answer

A) opening passages in the membrane and escorting substances into and out of the cell 
B) attaching themselves to minerals to carry them throughout the bloodstream 
C) decreasing the water content in cells to get rid of excess acid or base levels 
D) sending antibodies to cells to carry excess proteins out to where they are needed 
E) accumulating hydrogen ions within the cell to attract the substances 
A) opening passages in the membrane and escorting substances into and out of the cell 
B) attaching themselves to minerals to carry them throughout the bloodstream 
C) decreasing the water content in cells to get rid of excess acid or base levels 
D) sending antibodies to cells to carry excess proteins out to where they are needed 
E) accumulating hydrogen ions within the cell to attract the substances

Question 14

Which of the following is true of sickle-cell disease?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a fatal disorder that affects neurons and causes seizures. 
B) It is a disease caused by the deficiency of iron. 
C) It is a disease in which red blood cells are abnormally (crescent)shaped. 
D) It is an infectious disease caused by the intake of the botulinum toxin. 
E) It is a defect characterized by the improper closure of the spinal cord. 
A) It is a fatal disorder that affects neurons and causes seizures. 
B) It is a disease caused by the deficiency of iron. 
C) It is a disease in which red blood cells are abnormally (crescent)shaped. 
D) It is an infectious disease caused by the intake of the botulinum toxin. 
E) It is a defect characterized by the improper closure of the spinal cord.

Question 15

Antibodies are large proteins present in the blood that are effective in destroying foreign particles that invade the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Proteins are the building blocks of amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Legumes are a good source of protein, many B vitamins, iron, and other minerals, making them exceptionally nutritious foods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Your mother is considering changing her diet to include only non-meat proteins to reduce her risk of developing heart disease or cancer. What evidence is available to support her decision?

Accepted Answer

A) Vegetarian diets contain greater amounts of heart-protective omega-3 fatty acids. 
B) Plant-based diets are usually lower in saturated fat and higher in fiber, reducing the risk of heart disease. 
C) Substituting soy for meat proteins has resulted in a decrease in heart disease risk. 
D) Lung cancer never develops in people eating plant-based diets. 
E) Intakes of cheese and shortening decrease when meat consumption decreases. 
A) Vegetarian diets contain greater amounts of heart-protective omega-3 fatty acids. 
B) Plant-based diets are usually lower in saturated fat and higher in fiber, reducing the risk of heart disease. 
C) Substituting soy for meat proteins has resulted in a decrease in heart disease risk. 
D) Lung cancer never develops in people eating plant-based diets. 
E) Intakes of cheese and shortening decrease when meat consumption decreases.

Question 19

Negative nitrogen balance is seen in:

Accepted Answer

A) growing children 
B) lactating women 
C) pregnant women 
D) surgery patients 
E) casual exercisers 
A) growing children 
B) lactating women 
C) pregnant women 
D) surgery patients 
E) casual exercisers

Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

What are conditionally essential amino acids?

In sickle-cell disease, which of the following amino acids replaces glutamic acid in hemoglobin?

Identify the function of protein buffers in the blood.

Which of the following is true of a catalyst?

A 23-year-old male college student, who has a sedentary lifestyle, weighs 175 pounds. What is his DRI for protein?

Nutrient-dense vegetarian diets require much less land, water, fuel, and other resources to produce when compared to diets high in meats, cheeses, and highly processed foods.

Which of the following cooking methods would you use to increase the digestibility of protein?

An overemphasis on protein-rich foods can lead to:

Who among the following will have the highest protein DRI per unit of body weight?

Which of the following proteins is necessary to regulate blood glucose concentration?

What is the DRI for protein for a 40-year-old man who is 6′4″ tall and weighs 180 pounds?

Proteins use the process of active transport to move substances by:

Which of the following is true of sickle-cell disease?

Antibodies are large proteins present in the blood that are effective in destroying foreign particles that invade the body.

Proteins are the building blocks of amino acids.

Legumes are a good source of protein, many B vitamins, iron, and other minerals, making them exceptionally nutritious foods.

Your mother is considering changing her diet to include only non-meat proteins to reduce her risk of developing heart disease or cancer. What evidence is available to support her decision?

Negative nitrogen balance is seen in:

Food Choices and Human Health

Nutrition Tools: Standards and Guidelines

The Remarkable Body

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starch, Glycogen, and Fiber

The Lipids: Fats, Oils, Phospholipids, and Sterols

The Vitamins

Water and Minerals

Energy Balance and Healthy Body Weight

Performance Nutrition

Nutrition and Chronic Diseases

Food Safety and Food Technology

Life Cycle Nutrition: Mother and Infant

Child, Teen, and Older Adult

Hunger and the Future of Food

Filters

Exam 6: The Proteins and Amino Acids

Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

What are conditionally essential amino acids?

In sickle-cell disease, which of the following amino acids replaces glutamic acid in hemoglobin?

Identify the function of protein buffers in the blood.

Which of the following is true of a catalyst?

A 23-year-old male college student, who has a sedentary lifestyle, weighs 175 pounds. What is his DRI for protein?

Nutrient-dense vegetarian diets require much less land, water, fuel, and other resources to produce when compared to diets high in meats, cheeses, and highly processed foods.

Which of the following cooking methods would you use to increase the digestibility of protein?

An overemphasis on protein-rich foods can lead to:

Who among the following will have the highest protein DRI per unit of body weight?

Which of the following proteins is necessary to regulate blood glucose concentration?

What is the DRI for protein for a 40-year-old man who is 6′4″ tall and weighs 180 pounds?

Proteins use the process of active transport to move substances by:

Which of the following is true of sickle-cell disease?

Antibodies are large proteins present in the blood that are effective in destroying foreign particles that invade the body.

Proteins are the building blocks of amino acids.

Legumes are a good source of protein, many B vitamins, iron, and other minerals, making them exceptionally nutritious foods.

Your mother is considering changing her diet to include only non-meat proteins to reduce her risk of developing heart disease or cancer. What evidence is available to support her decision?

Negative nitrogen balance is seen in:

Food Choices and Human Health

Nutrition Tools: Standards and Guidelines

The Remarkable Body

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starch, Glycogen, and Fiber

The Lipids: Fats, Oils, Phospholipids, and Sterols

The Vitamins

Water and Minerals

Energy Balance and Healthy Body Weight

Performance Nutrition

Nutrition and Chronic Diseases

Food Safety and Food Technology

Life Cycle Nutrition: Mother and Infant

Child, Teen, and Older Adult

Hunger and the Future of Food

Filters