Exam 4: Sensation and Perception

Your child drew a picture of his school playground on a large sheet of white paper. At the top of this page, he or she drew the school building, while the playground equipment, including seesaws and swings, were drawn toward the bottom of the picture. There is a tree near the entrance to the school. The trunk of this tree is blocking a portion of the windows by the main doorway to the school. There is a road beginning at the bottom of the page whose parallel lines grow closer together as the road passes the school. The children that your child drew near the bottom of the page appear larger than the children playing nearer the school. These "larger" children also are drawn with more detail, while the faces of the children playing closer to the school are blurry. Describe the pictorial cues that this "artist" used to achieve depth.

In a drawing, a single vertical line is placed among a group of slanted lines. This effect, which is so basic that babies as young as three months respond to it, is called

When advertisers repeat the name of their product numerous times in the commercial, this repetition will

The vestibular sense helps keep us from

Which type of sensory receptors is found in greatest numbers in the skin?

A white shirt reflects more light outdoors than in a dimly lit room; however, it is seen as being equally bright in both places. This demonstrates the role of which of the following in perception?

Terrence was experiencing headaches when he read or used the computer because part of his vision was focused and part was fuzzy. The eye doctor told Terrence that his lens was misshapen, which caused a vision problem known as __________.

The apparent (or relative)brightness of two objects will remain the same as long as

If you hold your left hand a few inches in front of your nose and your right hand at arm's length. Your right hand should appear to be about half the size of your left hand. Still, you know your right hand did not suddenly shrink, because you have seen it many times at various distances. This illustrates

On weekends, 16-year-old Clayton likes to hunt, ride his motorcycle, and play drums in his local rock band. His doctor told him that he has damaged the hair cells in his ears. Which of the following types of hearing loss does Clayton NOT have?

Humanistic psychologist Abraham Maslow believed that some people perceive themselves and others with unusual accuracy. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of these people?

Which of the following are impaired by alcohol consumption and increase the risk of car accidents by drunk drivers?

Brightness constancy occurs, in part,

Visible light is made up of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths of

In one study, participants said that a $90 wine tasted better than a $10 wine, although the participants had really tasted the same wine. Interestingly, the participants' functional MRI images showed that the pleasure areas of their brains were more active when they were told they were drinking the "$90 wine." The results of this experiment illustrate that

A minimum change in sensory intensity that is noticeable to an observer and can be coded into neural messages is known as the

The rods of the retina

Many types of stimuli cannot be sensed directly by humans because we lack sensory receptors to transduce the energy of these types of stimuli.

Explain what happens during dark adaptation, including the name of the light-sensitive visual pigment involved, the amount of time that dark adaptation takes to occur, how it can be wiped out, and how it can be speeded up.

Taking a fresh look and paying attention to sensations we have previously ignored is known as __________.