Exam 6: Probability

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An investment firm has classified its clients according to their gender and the composition of their investment portfolios (primarily bonds, primarily stocks, or a balanced mix of bonds and stocks). The proportions of clients falling into the various categories are shown in the following table: Portfolio Composition Gender Bonds Stocks Balanced Male 0.18 0.20 0.25 Female 0.12 0.10 0.15 One client is selected at random, and two events A and B are defined as follows: A: The client selected is male. B: The client selected has a balanced portfolio. Are A and Bˉ\bar { B } independent events? Explain.

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Given that events A and B are independent, and that P(A) = 0.9 and P(B | A) = 0.5, then P(A B) = 0.45.

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A table of joint probabilities is shown below. 0.15 0.25 0.20 0.10 0.15 0.15 Calculate P( A1A _ { 1 } / A2A _ { 2 } ).

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Find the probability that the ice cream was vanilla-flavoured, given that it was sold in a cup.

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The classical approach to assigning probability can be applied for experiments that have equally likely outcomes.

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The relative frequency approach is not useful in interpreting probability statements such as those heard from weather forecasters or scientists.

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Marginal probability is the probability that a given event will occur, with no other events taken into consideration.

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A law firm has submitted bids on two separate state contracts, A and B.The company feels that it has a 40% chance of winning contract A, and a 60% chance of winning contract B.Furthermore, the company believes that it has a 75% chance of winning contract B, given that it wins contract A.What is the probability that the firm will win both contracts?

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A useful graphical method of constructing the sample space for an experiment is:

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Five students from a statistics class have formed a study group. Each may or may not attend a study session. Assuming that the members will be making independent decisions on whether or not to attend, there are 32 different possibilities for the composition of the study session.

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Two events A and B are said to be independent if:

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Two events A and B are said to be independent if P(AB) = P(A) P(B).

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If the event of interest is A, the probability that A will not occur is the complement ofA.

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If events A and B have nonzero probabilities, then they can be both independent and mutually exclusive.

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A PhD graduate has applied for a job with two universities, A and B.The graduate feels that she has a 60% chance of receiving an offer from university A, and a 30% chance of receiving an offer from university B.If she receives an offer from university B, she believes that she has an 70% chance of receiving an offer from university A. a.What is the probability that both universities will make her an offer? b.What is the probability that at least one university will make her an offer? c.If she receives an offer from university B, what is the probability that she will not receive an offer from university A?

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Suppose P(A)=0.1,P(B)=0.5, and P(A∩B)=0P ( A ) = 0.1 , P ( B ) = 0.5 , \text { and } P ( A \cap B ) = 0 a. Find P(A∪B)P ( A \cup B ) b. Are A and B independent events? Explain. c. Are A and B mutually exclusive events? Explain.

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Suppose A and B are two independent events, with P(A) = 0.20 and P(B) = 0.60. a. Find P(B | A). b. Find P(A | B). c. Find P(A and B). d. Find P(A or B).

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Find the probability that the ice cream was sold on a cone and the flavour was: a. chocolate. b. strawberry. c. vanilla.

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Find the probability that the ice cream was chocolate-flavoured, given that it was sold on a cone.

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If P(A) = 0.25 and P(B) = 0.65, then P(AB) is:

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