Question 1

What is one reason why cultural diffusion is a selective process?

Accepted Answer

A)  The overt form of a trait may have a different meaning for the second culture. 
B)  Cultures may only allow certain traits to be borrowed by other groups. 
C)  Technological traits diffuse easily, while ideological traits are much harder to borrow. 
D)  Diffusion is a slow process, so only a small fragment of cultural traits will be transmitted. 
A)  The overt form of a trait may have a different meaning for the second culture. 
B)  Cultures may only allow certain traits to be borrowed by other groups. 
C)  Technological traits diffuse easily, while ideological traits are much harder to borrow. 
D)  Diffusion is a slow process, so only a small fragment of cultural traits will be transmitted.

Question 2

Explain how cultural constraints regulate cultural norms by giving specific examples of both direct and indirect cultural constraints common to your own culture.

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:
1.A cle

Question 3

While there are many negative consequences to globalization,the United Nations has suggested an improvement in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  literacy rates 
B)  the spread of disease 
C)  workers' wages 
D)  deforestation rates 
A)  literacy rates 
B)  the spread of disease 
C)  workers' wages 
D)  deforestation rates

Question 4

When a member of a group diverges from acceptable standards,or norms,of social behavior,he/she may be ridiculed,arrested,or otherwise pressured into conformity through what Emile Durkheim referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural constraints 
B)  cultural relativism 
C)  cultural penalties 
D)  ethnocentrism 
A)  cultural constraints 
B)  cultural relativism 
C)  cultural penalties 
D)  ethnocentrism

Question 5

Which of the following is true of conformity studies across culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  The degree of conformity varies, but most studies still show a conformity effect. 
B)  The degree of conformity is relatively stable across cultures. 
C)  The number of studies showing a conformity effect is about equal to those that find no effect. 
D)  There is no conformity effect in most non-Western societies. 
A)  The degree of conformity varies, but most studies still show a conformity effect. 
B)  The degree of conformity is relatively stable across cultures. 
C)  The number of studies showing a conformity effect is about equal to those that find no effect. 
D)  There is no conformity effect in most non-Western societies.

Question 6

Anthropologists,as well as other social scientists,feel that culture is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  learned and shared 
B)  inherited 
C)  transmitted only from one group to another 
D)  only a small part of how people learn their behaviors 
A)  learned and shared 
B)  inherited 
C)  transmitted only from one group to another 
D)  only a small part of how people learn their behaviors

Question 7

According to Ralph Linton,what is the difference between discovery and invention?

Accepted Answer

A)  Discovery is an addition to knowledge, and invention is a new application of knowledge. 
B)  Discovery is technological, and invention is ideological. 
C)  Discovery is ideological, and invention is technological. 
D)  Discovery is a new application of knowledge, and invention is an addition to knowledge. 
A)  Discovery is an addition to knowledge, and invention is a new application of knowledge. 
B)  Discovery is technological, and invention is ideological. 
C)  Discovery is ideological, and invention is technological. 
D)  Discovery is a new application of knowledge, and invention is an addition to knowledge.

Question 8

Some scholars argue that cultural relativists are acting hypocritically by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  claiming that tolerance is a universal principle 
B)  pushing democracy on other nations 
C)  prioritizing non-Western belief systems over Western ones 
D)  assuming that all cultures have similar ethical systems 
A)  claiming that tolerance is a universal principle 
B)  pushing democracy on other nations 
C)  prioritizing non-Western belief systems over Western ones 
D)  assuming that all cultures have similar ethical systems

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of forced acculturation?

Accepted Answer

A)  schools for Native American children 
B)  the popularity of McDonald's restaurants in Japan 
C)  teens across Europe watching MTV 
D)  Inuit hunters using snowmobiles and GPS technology 
A)  schools for Native American children 
B)  the popularity of McDonald's restaurants in Japan 
C)  teens across Europe watching MTV 
D)  Inuit hunters using snowmobiles and GPS technology

Question 10

Which of the following groups is most likely to be an early adopter of innovation?

Accepted Answer

A)  the lower-middle class 
B)  the wealthy upper class 
C)  the upper-middle class 
D)  the very poor 
A)  the lower-middle class 
B)  the wealthy upper class 
C)  the upper-middle class 
D)  the very poor

Question 11

What are the ultimate sources of all cultural change?

Accepted Answer

A)  discovery and invention 
B)  diffusion and discovery 
C)  invention and modification 
D)  modification and diffusion 
A)  discovery and invention 
B)  diffusion and discovery 
C)  invention and modification 
D)  modification and diffusion

Question 12

Individuals have __________,but groups share __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior; culture 
B)  culture; society 
C)  society; beliefs 
D)  beliefs; behavior 
A)  behavior; culture 
B)  culture; society 
C)  society; beliefs 
D)  beliefs; behavior

Question 13

The strong form of cultural relativism suggests that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  all patterns of culture are equally valid 
B)  tolerance should be the mode unless there is strong reason to behave otherwise 
C)  non-Western cultures are inherently more moral than Western cultures 
D)  any sort of judgment can cloud accuracy of descriptions 
A)  all patterns of culture are equally valid 
B)  tolerance should be the mode unless there is strong reason to behave otherwise 
C)  non-Western cultures are inherently more moral than Western cultures 
D)  any sort of judgment can cloud accuracy of descriptions

Question 14

Which of the following is a major source of new culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  individual variation 
B)  peer pressure 
C)  tradition 
D)  revolution 
A)  individual variation 
B)  peer pressure 
C)  tradition 
D)  revolution

Question 15

The most powerful transmitter of culture is probably __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  language 
B)  the elders of a society 
C)  the school system 
D)  parents 
A)  language 
B)  the elders of a society 
C)  the school system 
D)  parents

Question 16

Which of the following illustrates an ideal cultural trait in U.S.society that does not correspond to practical reality?

Accepted Answer

A)  People of all classes and races are equal before the law. 
B)  Most children will go off to college, marry, and start households of their own. 
C)  Workers take the weekend off to have a chance to relax. 
D)  Children call their mothers on Mother's Day. 
A)  People of all classes and races are equal before the law. 
B)  Most children will go off to college, marry, and start households of their own. 
C)  Workers take the weekend off to have a chance to relax. 
D)  Children call their mothers on Mother's Day.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true regarding ethics across cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)  All cultures have ethical standards, but what they emphasize varies. 
B)  All cultures have similar ethical standards. 
C)  All cultures have identical ethical standards. 
D)  Some cultures have no ethical standards. 
A)  All cultures have ethical standards, but what they emphasize varies. 
B)  All cultures have similar ethical standards. 
C)  All cultures have identical ethical standards. 
D)  Some cultures have no ethical standards.

Question 18

Ethnocentrism both hinders our understanding of other peoples' cultures and __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  keeps us from understanding our own customs 
B)  helps us adopt other peoples' customs for our own uses 
C)  ensures that our culture will never change 
D)  reminds us of how much our culture has evolved 
A)  keeps us from understanding our own customs 
B)  helps us adopt other peoples' customs for our own uses 
C)  ensures that our culture will never change 
D)  reminds us of how much our culture has evolved

Question 19

Variations in individual behavior are confined within __________ acceptable limits.

Accepted Answer

A)  socially 
B)  historically 
C)  legally 
D)  ethically 
A)  socially 
B)  historically 
C)  legally 
D)  ethically

Question 20

How does the everyday usage of the term "culture" differ from its academic definition?

Accepted Answer

A)  The common usage reflects a desirable quality that can be acquired. 
B)  The academic definition reflects traits that are only possessed by a segment of the population. 
C)  The common usage deals only with patterns that have been passed down for generations. 
D)  The academic definition is narrower than the common usage. 
A)  The common usage reflects a desirable quality that can be acquired. 
B)  The academic definition reflects traits that are only possessed by a segment of the population. 
C)  The common usage deals only with patterns that have been passed down for generations. 
D)  The academic definition is narrower than the common usage.

What is one reason why cultural diffusion is a selective process?

Explain how cultural constraints regulate cultural norms by giving specific examples of both direct and indirect cultural constraints common to your own culture.

While there are many negative consequences to globalization,the United Nations has suggested an improvement in __________.

When a member of a group diverges from acceptable standards,or norms,of social behavior,he/she may be ridiculed,arrested,or otherwise pressured into conformity through what Emile Durkheim referred to as __________.

Which of the following is true of conformity studies across culture?

Anthropologists,as well as other social scientists,feel that culture is __________.

According to Ralph Linton,what is the difference between discovery and invention?

Some scholars argue that cultural relativists are acting hypocritically by __________.

Which of the following is an example of forced acculturation?

Which of the following groups is most likely to be an early adopter of innovation?

What are the ultimate sources of all cultural change?

Individuals have ,but groups share .

The strong form of cultural relativism suggests that __________.

Which of the following is a major source of new culture?

The most powerful transmitter of culture is probably __________.

Which of the following illustrates an ideal cultural trait in U.S.society that does not correspond to practical reality?

Which of the following statements is true regarding ethics across cultures?

Ethnocentrism both hinders our understanding of other peoples' cultures and __________.

Variations in individual behavior are confined within __________ acceptable limits.

How does the everyday usage of the term "culture" differ from its academic definition?

What Is Anthropology?

Research Methods in Anthropology

Genetics and Evolution

Human Variation and Adaptation

Primates: Past and Present

The First Hominins and the Emergence of Homo

The Emergence of Homo sapiens and the Upper Paleolithic World

Food Production and the Rise of States

Communication and Language

Economics

Social Stratification: Class, Ethnicity, and Racism

Sex and Gender

Marriage, Family, and Kinship

Political Life: Social Order and Disorder

Religion and Magic

The Arts

Global Problems

Practicing and Applying Anthropology

Filters

Exam 9: Culture and Culture Change

What is one reason why cultural diffusion is a selective process?

Explain how cultural constraints regulate cultural norms by giving specific examples of both direct and indirect cultural constraints common to your own culture.

While there are many negative consequences to globalization,the United Nations has suggested an improvement in __________.

When a member of a group diverges from acceptable standards,or norms,of social behavior,he/she may be ridiculed,arrested,or otherwise pressured into conformity through what Emile Durkheim referred to as __________.

Which of the following is true of conformity studies across culture?

Anthropologists,as well as other social scientists,feel that culture is __________.

According to Ralph Linton,what is the difference between discovery and invention?

Some scholars argue that cultural relativists are acting hypocritically by __________.

Which of the following is an example of forced acculturation?

Which of the following groups is most likely to be an early adopter of innovation?

What are the ultimate sources of all cultural change?

Individuals have __________,but groups share __________.

The strong form of cultural relativism suggests that __________.

Which of the following is a major source of new culture?

The most powerful transmitter of culture is probably __________.

Which of the following illustrates an ideal cultural trait in U.S.society that does not correspond to practical reality?

Which of the following statements is true regarding ethics across cultures?

Ethnocentrism both hinders our understanding of other peoples' cultures and __________.

Variations in individual behavior are confined within __________ acceptable limits.

How does the everyday usage of the term "culture" differ from its academic definition?

What Is Anthropology?

Research Methods in Anthropology

Genetics and Evolution

Human Variation and Adaptation

Primates: Past and Present

The First Hominins and the Emergence of Homo

The Emergence of Homo sapiens and the Upper Paleolithic World

Food Production and the Rise of States

Communication and Language

Economics

Social Stratification: Class, Ethnicity, and Racism

Sex and Gender

Marriage, Family, and Kinship

Political Life: Social Order and Disorder

Religion and Magic

The Arts

Global Problems

Practicing and Applying Anthropology

Filters

Individuals have ,but groups share .