Question 1

What consideration must be taken into account when determining whether or not a trait is adaptive?

Accepted Answer

A)  the particular environment 
B)  cognitive abilities associated with the trait 
C)  how common the trait is in other species 
D)  whether the trait is biological or behavioral 
A)  the particular environment 
B)  cognitive abilities associated with the trait 
C)  how common the trait is in other species 
D)  whether the trait is biological or behavioral A

Question 2

Why are most traits not simply a matter of dominant and recessive inheritance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most traits are influenced by the activity of many different genes. 
B)  You inherit most of your traits from one parent, regardless of whether they are dominant or recessive. 
C)  Dominance is an out-of-date concept that does not apply to any known human traits. 
D)  A trait can be both dominant and recessive in certain circumstances. 
A)  Most traits are influenced by the activity of many different genes. 
B)  You inherit most of your traits from one parent, regardless of whether they are dominant or recessive. 
C)  Dominance is an out-of-date concept that does not apply to any known human traits. 
D)  A trait can be both dominant and recessive in certain circumstances. A

Question 3

If we think of the history of the universe in terms of 12 months,the history of humanlike primates would have taken up only about __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  90 minutes 
B)  3 hours 
C)  10 minutes 
D)  1 hour 
A)  90 minutes 
B)  3 hours 
C)  10 minutes 
D)  1 hour A

Question 4

Which of these is an example of a maladaptive trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans are prone to back pain and varicose veins because we walk upright. 
B)  Horses have specialized toes to give them both strength and speed. 
C)  Dogs have developed the ability to read human social cues. 
D)  Many bird species can now mimic the sounds of human technology. 
A)  Humans are prone to back pain and varicose veins because we walk upright. 
B)  Horses have specialized toes to give them both strength and speed. 
C)  Dogs have developed the ability to read human social cues. 
D)  Many bird species can now mimic the sounds of human technology.

Question 5

Which of these is a core principle of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  differential reproductive success 
B)  decreasing biodiversity 
C)  linear progression 
D)  increasing body size 
A)  differential reproductive success 
B)  decreasing biodiversity 
C)  linear progression 
D)  increasing body size

Question 6

Natural selection operates on an individual's __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  phenotype 
B)  genotype 
C)  haplotype 
D)  karyotype 
A)  phenotype 
B)  genotype 
C)  haplotype 
D)  karyotype

Question 7

What evidence do scientists need to show that observed changes are actually due to natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental manipulation of a population 
B)  statistical significance 
C)  notes and observations 
D)  detailed drawings of changes over time 
A)  experimental manipulation of a population 
B)  statistical significance 
C)  notes and observations 
D)  detailed drawings of changes over time

Question 8

When gene flow occurs,its effect is opposite that of genetic drift,because gene flow __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  tends to decrease the genetic differences between populations 
B)  creates more homogeneous populations than genetic drift 
C)  is driven by unusually high mutation rates 
D)  causes replication of undesirable traits instead of desirable ones 
A)  tends to decrease the genetic differences between populations 
B)  creates more homogeneous populations than genetic drift 
C)  is driven by unusually high mutation rates 
D)  causes replication of undesirable traits instead of desirable ones

Question 9

The fields of __________ and __________ involve the application of evolutionary principles to the behavior of animals.

Accepted Answer

A)  sociobiology; behavioral ecology 
B)  biochemistry; neuroanatomy 
C)  anatomy; physiology 
D)  botany; ecology 
A)  sociobiology; behavioral ecology 
B)  biochemistry; neuroanatomy 
C)  anatomy; physiology 
D)  botany; ecology

Question 10

How do we know that genetic mutations are not always bad?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are relatively frequent, but often have little to no effect. 
B)  They occur so rarely that their impact on the population is negligible. 
C)  We routinely analyze cells for mutations through simple blood tests. 
D)  All regularly occurring mutations have now been found and classified. 
A)  They are relatively frequent, but often have little to no effect. 
B)  They occur so rarely that their impact on the population is negligible. 
C)  We routinely analyze cells for mutations through simple blood tests. 
D)  All regularly occurring mutations have now been found and classified.

Question 11

__________ is the only way to produce variation in species that reproduce asexually.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mutation 
B)  Crossing-over 
C)  Segregation 
D)  Genetic drift 
A)  Mutation 
B)  Crossing-over 
C)  Segregation 
D)  Genetic drift

Question 12

Who classified plants and animals into a systema naturae,which led to the taxonomic system we use today?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carolus Linnaeus 
B)  Charles Darwin 
C)  Aristotle 
D)  Jean-Baptiste Lamarck 
A)  Carolus Linnaeus 
B)  Charles Darwin 
C)  Aristotle 
D)  Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

Question 13

Founder effect is a variety of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift 
B)  mutation 
C)  gene flow 
D)  recombination 
A)  genetic drift 
B)  mutation 
C)  gene flow 
D)  recombination

Question 14

Gregor Mendel was a pioneer in the field of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  genetics 
B)  physics 
C)  chemistry 
D)  medicine 
A)  genetics 
B)  physics 
C)  chemistry 
D)  medicine

Question 15

What does Darwinian evolution maintain about the evolutionary relationship between humans and monkeys?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans and monkeys are descended from a common ancestor that lived long ago. 
B)  Humans are direct descendents of monkeys. 
C)  Humans and monkeys are only related to the extent that they are both mammals. 
D)  Humans and monkeys are not biologically related at all. 
A)  Humans and monkeys are descended from a common ancestor that lived long ago. 
B)  Humans are direct descendents of monkeys. 
C)  Humans and monkeys are only related to the extent that they are both mammals. 
D)  Humans and monkeys are not biologically related at all.

Question 16

How did Cuvier's theory of catastrophism conflict with early evolutionary thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  It held that disasters, like floods or earthquakes, completely wiped out species, and new ones were created to replace them. 
B)  It maintains that, were species to develop as described in Darwinian evolution, it would be catastrophic for their survival. 
C)  Catastrophism argues that all species are doomed to extinction, regardless of their relative fitness to their environment. 
D)  Catastrophism recognizes no impact of the environment on a species' chance for survival. 
A)  It held that disasters, like floods or earthquakes, completely wiped out species, and new ones were created to replace them. 
B)  It maintains that, were species to develop as described in Darwinian evolution, it would be catastrophic for their survival. 
C)  Catastrophism argues that all species are doomed to extinction, regardless of their relative fitness to their environment. 
D)  Catastrophism recognizes no impact of the environment on a species' chance for survival.

Question 17

Which of these is a simple trait,coded with one pair of alleles?

Accepted Answer

A)  pea color 
B)  hair color 
C)  height 
D)  blood type 
A)  pea color 
B)  hair color 
C)  height 
D)  blood type

Question 18

Which of these is an example of normalizing selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  birth weight in babies 
B)  color change in moths 
C)  increased canine size in baboons 
D)  bigger brain size in humans 
A)  birth weight in babies 
B)  color change in moths 
C)  increased canine size in baboons 
D)  bigger brain size in humans

Question 19

Which scientist developed a theory of evolution by way of natural selection at about the same time as Darwin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alfred Russel Wallace 
B)  Charles Lyell 
C)  Thomas Huxley 
D)  Georges Cuvier 
A)  Alfred Russel Wallace 
B)  Charles Lyell 
C)  Thomas Huxley 
D)  Georges Cuvier

Question 20

What is the creationist argument against macroevolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Living organisms are so complex that random processes, such as natural selection, could never have created them. 
B)  There is no way to scientifically observe biological changes in populations over time. 
C)  Scientists push evolutionary theory for political, not scholarly, purposes. 
D)  Creation scientists have discredited the concept of macroevolution through rigorous scientific testing. 
A)  Living organisms are so complex that random processes, such as natural selection, could never have created them. 
B)  There is no way to scientifically observe biological changes in populations over time. 
C)  Scientists push evolutionary theory for political, not scholarly, purposes. 
D)  Creation scientists have discredited the concept of macroevolution through rigorous scientific testing.

What consideration must be taken into account when determining whether or not a trait is adaptive?

Why are most traits not simply a matter of dominant and recessive inheritance?

If we think of the history of the universe in terms of 12 months,the history of humanlike primates would have taken up only about __________.

Which of these is an example of a maladaptive trait?

Which of these is a core principle of natural selection?

Natural selection operates on an individual's __________.

What evidence do scientists need to show that observed changes are actually due to natural selection?

When gene flow occurs,its effect is opposite that of genetic drift,because gene flow __________.

The fields of and involve the application of evolutionary principles to the behavior of animals.

How do we know that genetic mutations are not always bad?

__________ is the only way to produce variation in species that reproduce asexually.

Who classified plants and animals into a systema naturae,which led to the taxonomic system we use today?

Founder effect is a variety of __________.

Gregor Mendel was a pioneer in the field of __________.

What does Darwinian evolution maintain about the evolutionary relationship between humans and monkeys?

How did Cuvier's theory of catastrophism conflict with early evolutionary thinking?

Which of these is a simple trait,coded with one pair of alleles?

Which of these is an example of normalizing selection?

Which scientist developed a theory of evolution by way of natural selection at about the same time as Darwin?

What is the creationist argument against macroevolution?

What Is Anthropology?

Research Methods in Anthropology

Human Variation and Adaptation

Primates: Past and Present

The First Hominins and the Emergence of Homo

The Emergence of Homo sapiens and the Upper Paleolithic World

Food Production and the Rise of States

Culture and Culture Change

Communication and Language

Economics

Social Stratification: Class, Ethnicity, and Racism

Sex and Gender

Marriage, Family, and Kinship

Political Life: Social Order and Disorder

Religion and Magic

The Arts

Global Problems

Practicing and Applying Anthropology

Filters

Exam 3: Genetics and Evolution

What consideration must be taken into account when determining whether or not a trait is adaptive?

Why are most traits not simply a matter of dominant and recessive inheritance?

If we think of the history of the universe in terms of 12 months,the history of humanlike primates would have taken up only about __________.

Which of these is an example of a maladaptive trait?

Which of these is a core principle of natural selection?

Natural selection operates on an individual's __________.

What evidence do scientists need to show that observed changes are actually due to natural selection?

When gene flow occurs,its effect is opposite that of genetic drift,because gene flow __________.

The fields of __________ and __________ involve the application of evolutionary principles to the behavior of animals.

How do we know that genetic mutations are not always bad?

__________ is the only way to produce variation in species that reproduce asexually.

Who classified plants and animals into a systema naturae,which led to the taxonomic system we use today?

Founder effect is a variety of __________.

Gregor Mendel was a pioneer in the field of __________.

What does Darwinian evolution maintain about the evolutionary relationship between humans and monkeys?

How did Cuvier's theory of catastrophism conflict with early evolutionary thinking?

Which of these is a simple trait,coded with one pair of alleles?

Which of these is an example of normalizing selection?

Which scientist developed a theory of evolution by way of natural selection at about the same time as Darwin?

What is the creationist argument against macroevolution?

What Is Anthropology?

Research Methods in Anthropology

Human Variation and Adaptation

Primates: Past and Present

The First Hominins and the Emergence of Homo

The Emergence of Homo sapiens and the Upper Paleolithic World

Food Production and the Rise of States

Culture and Culture Change

Communication and Language

Economics

Social Stratification: Class, Ethnicity, and Racism

Sex and Gender

Marriage, Family, and Kinship

Political Life: Social Order and Disorder

Religion and Magic

The Arts

Global Problems

Practicing and Applying Anthropology

Filters

The fields of and involve the application of evolutionary principles to the behavior of animals.