Question 1

If you are in Africa and you see a large monkey with downward-facing nostrils,you are likely looking at a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  catarrhine 
B)  platyrrhine 
C)  anthrorrhine 
D)  strepsirrhine 
A)  catarrhine 
B)  platyrrhine 
C)  anthrorrhine 
D)  strepsirrhine

Question 2

Why is so little known about the transition to early hominins?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are few Miocene ape fossils from Africa, which is where the earliest hominin fossils have been found. 
B)  There are hardly any hominin fossils with which we can compare ape fossils. 
C)  The Miocene ape fossils overlap with early hominins, and there are many intermediate forms. 
D)  The transition to hominins happened very suddenly, and there are few comparable skeletal traits between them and the apes. 
A)  There are few Miocene ape fossils from Africa, which is where the earliest hominin fossils have been found. 
B)  There are hardly any hominin fossils with which we can compare ape fossils. 
C)  The Miocene ape fossils overlap with early hominins, and there are many intermediate forms. 
D)  The transition to hominins happened very suddenly, and there are few comparable skeletal traits between them and the apes.

Question 3

As far as we know,hominins are unique in their ability to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  use one tool to make another 
B)  use found objects as tools 
C)  modify objects to be used as tools 
D)  copy toolmaking behavior by observing others 
A)  use one tool to make another 
B)  use found objects as tools 
C)  modify objects to be used as tools 
D)  copy toolmaking behavior by observing others

Question 4

Why are plesiadapiforms not considered true primates?

Accepted Answer

A)  They lacked stereoscopic vision and grasping hands. 
B)  They were not mammals. 
C)  They had highly mobile elbow joints. 
D)  They appear too early in the fossil record to be related to primates. 
A)  They lacked stereoscopic vision and grasping hands. 
B)  They were not mammals. 
C)  They had highly mobile elbow joints. 
D)  They appear too early in the fossil record to be related to primates.

Question 5

Which of these is a special dietary adaptation of the colobines?

Accepted Answer

A)  they have an extended gut to help them digest leaves 
B)  they have modified incisors to help them gouge trees for sap 
C)  they have very long tongues so they can reach nectar inside flowers 
D)  they have developed immunity to most plant toxins 
A)  they have an extended gut to help them digest leaves 
B)  they have modified incisors to help them gouge trees for sap 
C)  they have very long tongues so they can reach nectar inside flowers 
D)  they have developed immunity to most plant toxins

Question 6

What evidence is there that humans share a suspensory past with other hominoid primates?

Accepted Answer

A)  We have highly mobile shoulder joints. 
B)  Our arms are longer than our legs. 
C)  We have fully opposable big toes. 
D)  Our knees lock so they cannot hyperextend. 
A)  We have highly mobile shoulder joints. 
B)  Our arms are longer than our legs. 
C)  We have fully opposable big toes. 
D)  Our knees lock so they cannot hyperextend.

Question 7

Which of these animals contradicts the arboreal theory of primate evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  tree squirrel 
B)  rabbit 
C)  fox 
D)  raccoon 
A)  tree squirrel 
B)  rabbit 
C)  fox 
D)  raccoon

Question 8

How does Sussman's theory agree with Cartmill's ideas about early primate evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  both accept that early primates probably used small branches for travel and foraging 
B)  both accept that early primates were most likely nocturnal 
C)  the two theories reject the idea of primates living in trees 
D)  the two theories reject the idea that early primates ate insects 
A)  both accept that early primates probably used small branches for travel and foraging 
B)  both accept that early primates were most likely nocturnal 
C)  the two theories reject the idea of primates living in trees 
D)  the two theories reject the idea that early primates ate insects

Question 9

What other development around the end of the Cenozoic plays an important role in early primate evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  the emergence of angiosperm 
B)  the transition from dinosaurs to birds 
C)  the disappearance of mammoths 
D)  the dispersal of human populations 
A)  the emergence of angiosperm 
B)  the transition from dinosaurs to birds 
C)  the disappearance of mammoths 
D)  the dispersal of human populations

Question 10

Primates have a stronger sense of __________ and a weaker sense of __________ than other mammals.

Accepted Answer

A)  sight; smell 
B)  hearing; sight 
C)  taste; sight 
D)  hearing; taste 
A)  sight; smell 
B)  hearing; sight 
C)  taste; sight 
D)  hearing; taste

Question 11

Of the physical traits that distinguish hominins from other hominoids,which do you think is most critical for the identification of a fossil species as a hominin? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:
1.Highl

Question 12

How do you distinguish between an anthropoid and a prosimian primate? What is the importance of the differences between the two?

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:
1.Outli

Question 13

None of the Middle or Late Miocene apes seem to be particularly good candidates for the ancestor of the hominins.What evidence would be needed to identify a possible ancestral ape for our lineage?

Accepted Answer

The ideal answer should include:
1.Note

Question 14

How are primate teeth specialized?

Accepted Answer

A)  The front teeth are often highly specialized, but the chewing teeth are unspecialized. 
B)  The chewing teeth are often highly specialized, but the front teeth are unspecialized. 
C)  The back teeth are completely absent, allowing for the primate's distinctive flat face. 
D)  The front teeth are completely absent, allowing for the primate's distinctive flat face. 
A)  The front teeth are often highly specialized, but the chewing teeth are unspecialized. 
B)  The chewing teeth are often highly specialized, but the front teeth are unspecialized. 
C)  The back teeth are completely absent, allowing for the primate's distinctive flat face. 
D)  The front teeth are completely absent, allowing for the primate's distinctive flat face.

Question 15

How does the rafting hypothesis propose that anthropoid primates migrated to the New World?

Accepted Answer

A)  they were carried across the ocean on drifting mats of vegetation 
B)  they built simple rafts to travel from island to island 
C)  the New World monkeys evolved separately from the Old World monkeys 
D)  they migrated across southern land bridges 
A)  they were carried across the ocean on drifting mats of vegetation 
B)  they built simple rafts to travel from island to island 
C)  the New World monkeys evolved separately from the Old World monkeys 
D)  they migrated across southern land bridges

If you are in Africa and you see a large monkey with downward-facing nostrils,you are likely looking at a __________.

Why is so little known about the transition to early hominins?

As far as we know,hominins are unique in their ability to __________.

Why are plesiadapiforms not considered true primates?

Which of these is a special dietary adaptation of the colobines?

What evidence is there that humans share a suspensory past with other hominoid primates?

Which of these animals contradicts the arboreal theory of primate evolution?

How does Sussman's theory agree with Cartmill's ideas about early primate evolution?

What other development around the end of the Cenozoic plays an important role in early primate evolution?

Primates have a stronger sense of and a weaker sense of than other mammals.

Of the physical traits that distinguish hominins from other hominoids,which do you think is most critical for the identification of a fossil species as a hominin? Explain your answer.

How do you distinguish between an anthropoid and a prosimian primate? What is the importance of the differences between the two?

None of the Middle or Late Miocene apes seem to be particularly good candidates for the ancestor of the hominins.What evidence would be needed to identify a possible ancestral ape for our lineage?

How are primate teeth specialized?

How does the rafting hypothesis propose that anthropoid primates migrated to the New World?

What Is Anthropology?

Research Methods in Anthropology

Genetics and Evolution

Human Variation and Adaptation

The First Hominins and the Emergence of Homo

The Emergence of Homo sapiens and the Upper Paleolithic World

Food Production and the Rise of States

Culture and Culture Change

Communication and Language

Economics

Social Stratification: Class, Ethnicity, and Racism

Sex and Gender

Marriage, Family, and Kinship

Political Life: Social Order and Disorder

Religion and Magic

The Arts

Global Problems

Practicing and Applying Anthropology

Filters

Exam 5: Primates: Past and Present

If you are in Africa and you see a large monkey with downward-facing nostrils,you are likely looking at a __________.

Why is so little known about the transition to early hominins?

As far as we know,hominins are unique in their ability to __________.

Why are plesiadapiforms not considered true primates?

Which of these is a special dietary adaptation of the colobines?

What evidence is there that humans share a suspensory past with other hominoid primates?

Which of these animals contradicts the arboreal theory of primate evolution?

How does Sussman's theory agree with Cartmill's ideas about early primate evolution?

What other development around the end of the Cenozoic plays an important role in early primate evolution?

Primates have a stronger sense of __________ and a weaker sense of __________ than other mammals.

Of the physical traits that distinguish hominins from other hominoids,which do you think is most critical for the identification of a fossil species as a hominin? Explain your answer.

How do you distinguish between an anthropoid and a prosimian primate? What is the importance of the differences between the two?

None of the Middle or Late Miocene apes seem to be particularly good candidates for the ancestor of the hominins.What evidence would be needed to identify a possible ancestral ape for our lineage?

How are primate teeth specialized?

How does the rafting hypothesis propose that anthropoid primates migrated to the New World?

What Is Anthropology?

Research Methods in Anthropology

Genetics and Evolution

Human Variation and Adaptation

The First Hominins and the Emergence of Homo

The Emergence of Homo sapiens and the Upper Paleolithic World

Food Production and the Rise of States

Culture and Culture Change

Communication and Language

Economics

Social Stratification: Class, Ethnicity, and Racism

Sex and Gender

Marriage, Family, and Kinship

Political Life: Social Order and Disorder

Religion and Magic

The Arts

Global Problems

Practicing and Applying Anthropology

Filters

Primates have a stronger sense of and a weaker sense of than other mammals.