Question 1

How does the European view of science change from the Medieval Period into the Scientific Revolution?

Accepted Answer

Answers would include a discussion of Greece as the standard in the Medieval Period, inductive reasoning, empirical method, and the role of key individuals such as Frances Bacon and the impact of the discovery of the New World on science.

Question 2

What were the two most basic characteristics of the Enlightenment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Science and religion. 
B)  Democracy and freedom. 
C)  Optimism and rationality. 
D)  Faith and prayer. 
E)  Science and pessimism. 
A)  Science and religion. 
B)  Democracy and freedom. 
C)  Optimism and rationality. 
D)  Faith and prayer. 
E)  Science and pessimism. C

Question 3

Newton made his greatest contribution to the world by

Accepted Answer

A)  insisting that the physical world had rational, lawful principles. 
B)  discovering and enunciating the law of gravity. 
C)  encouraging young scientists to continue to think and experiment. 
D)  convincing many people to give up their superstitious beliefs. 
E)  describing the way in which governments of the world could function rationally. 
A)  insisting that the physical world had rational, lawful principles. 
B)  discovering and enunciating the law of gravity. 
C)  encouraging young scientists to continue to think and experiment. 
D)  convincing many people to give up their superstitious beliefs. 
E)  describing the way in which governments of the world could function rationally. A

Question 4

How did the church respond to the Scientific Revolution and what factors explain their response?

Accepted Answer

Answers would include a discussion of th

Question 5

The most significant 18th century economic thinker was

Accepted Answer

A)  Locke. 
B)  Hume. 
C)  Adams. 
D)  Rousseau. 
E)  Smith. 
A)  Locke. 
B)  Hume. 
C)  Adams. 
D)  Rousseau. 
E)  Smith.

Question 6

What was the most obvious common denominator among the Enlightenment thinkers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their belief in democracy. 
B)  They all embraced atheism. 
C)  Their commitment to reform. 
D)  Their desire for empirical research. 
E)  Their unwillingness to disagree with each other. 
A)  Their belief in democracy. 
B)  They all embraced atheism. 
C)  Their commitment to reform. 
D)  Their desire for empirical research. 
E)  Their unwillingness to disagree with each other.

Question 7

Discuss the audience and impact of the Enlightenment on European society.

Accepted Answer

Answers would include a discus

Question 8

Who was the scientist who spent his last years under house arrest because of his publicized discoveries and his unwillingness to retract his findings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nicholas Copernicus. 
B)  Isaac Newton. 
C)  Tycho Brahe. 
D)  Galileo Galilei. 
E)  René Descartes. 
A)  Nicholas Copernicus. 
B)  Isaac Newton. 
C)  Tycho Brahe. 
D)  Galileo Galilei. 
E)  René Descartes.

Question 9

John Locke believed

Accepted Answer

A)  that humans can learn from their environment and improve their lives. 
B)  in the concept of original sin. 
C)  that checks and balances were important in government. 
D)  that his destiny was to steer England through the rough waters of the Glorious Revolution. 
E)  that governmental reform was more important than scientific discovery. 
A)  that humans can learn from their environment and improve their lives. 
B)  in the concept of original sin. 
C)  that checks and balances were important in government. 
D)  that his destiny was to steer England through the rough waters of the Glorious Revolution. 
E)  that governmental reform was more important than scientific discovery.

Question 10

Which of the scientists was the most significant? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

Answers would include a strong

Question 11

The majority of the audience for the Enlightenment was which of the following groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  urban poor 
B)  educated upper class 
C)  merchant middle class 
D)  clergy 
E)  None of the options are correct. 
A)  urban poor 
B)  educated upper class 
C)  merchant middle class 
D)  clergy 
E)  None of the options are correct.

Question 12

During the growth of the study of mathematics-based science, philosophy was considered

Accepted Answer

A)  redundant. 
B)  secondary. 
C)  extremely important. 
D)  nonsensical. 
E)  rational. 
A)  redundant. 
B)  secondary. 
C)  extremely important. 
D)  nonsensical. 
E)  rational.

Question 13

In the realm of education, the most influential philosophe was

Accepted Answer

A)  Rousseau. 
B)  Voltaire. 
C)  Condorcet. 
D)  Descartes. 
E)  Diderot. 
A)  Rousseau. 
B)  Voltaire. 
C)  Condorcet. 
D)  Descartes. 
E)  Diderot.

Question 14

____________________ became associated with inductive reasoning and the empirical method.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ became associated with inductive reasoning and...

Question 15

Inductive reasoning, first developed by Frances Bacon, required that one

Accepted Answer

A)  gather data and then make generalizations. 
B)  consistently and carefully observe phenomena before developing any generalizations or preconceived ideas. 
C)  observe with one's senses and then develop one or more hypotheses. 
D)  make some basic assumptions and then perform experiments to see if they are valid. 
E)  observe, experiment, test, and then present newly verified information to the world. 
A)  gather data and then make generalizations. 
B)  consistently and carefully observe phenomena before developing any generalizations or preconceived ideas. 
C)  observe with one's senses and then develop one or more hypotheses. 
D)  make some basic assumptions and then perform experiments to see if they are valid. 
E)  observe, experiment, test, and then present newly verified information to the world.

Question 16

Perhaps the most important factor in Europe's gaining of new knowledge about the world in the 16th century was

Accepted Answer

A)  Europeans' insatiable curiosity. 
B)  an improved understanding of astronomy. 
C)  an enormous leap in mathematical capabilities. 
D)  the reports of explorers in the New World. 
E)  new geographic information. 
A)  Europeans' insatiable curiosity. 
B)  an improved understanding of astronomy. 
C)  an enormous leap in mathematical capabilities. 
D)  the reports of explorers in the New World. 
E)  new geographic information.

Question 17

All of the ideas of the philosophies flowed together in the concept of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the ideas of the philosophies...

Question 18

Most philosophes believed that state supported churches should be ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most philosophes believed that state supported churches...

Question 19

____________________ is the downgrading of all that is religious or miraculous.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is the downgrading of all that...

Question 20

Whose work contributed most to removing Aristotle from his revered position as the master physicist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Copernicus 
B)  Galileo 
C)  Newton 
D)  Descartes 
E)  Brahe 
A)  Copernicus 
B)  Galileo 
C)  Newton 
D)  Descartes 
E)  Brahe

Exam 29: The Scientific Revolution and Its Enlightened Aftermath

How does the European view of science change from the Medieval Period into the Scientific Revolution?

What were the two most basic characteristics of the Enlightenment?

Newton made his greatest contribution to the world by

How did the church respond to the Scientific Revolution and what factors explain their response?

The most significant 18th century economic thinker was

What was the most obvious common denominator among the Enlightenment thinkers?

Discuss the audience and impact of the Enlightenment on European society.

Who was the scientist who spent his last years under house arrest because of his publicized discoveries and his unwillingness to retract his findings?

John Locke believed

Which of the scientists was the most significant? Explain your answer.

The majority of the audience for the Enlightenment was which of the following groups?

During the growth of the study of mathematics-based science, philosophy was considered

In the realm of education, the most influential philosophe was

____________________ became associated with inductive reasoning and the empirical method.

Inductive reasoning, first developed by Frances Bacon, required that one

Perhaps the most important factor in Europe's gaining of new knowledge about the world in the 16th century was

All of the ideas of the philosophies flowed together in the concept of ____________________.

Most philosophes believed that state supported churches should be ____________________.

____________________ is the downgrading of all that is religious or miraculous.

Whose work contributed most to removing Aristotle from his revered position as the master physicist?

A Larger World Opens

Religious Divisions and Political Consolidation in Europe

The Gunpowder Empires of Western and Southern Asia

Africa in the Era of Expansion

China From the Ming Through the Early Qing Dynasty

Japan and Southeast Asia in the Era of European Expansion

From Conquest to Colonies in Hispanic America

Liberalism and the Challenge to Absolute Monarchy

The Early Industrial Revolution

Europe: New Ideas and New Nations

Advanced Industrial Society

The Islamic World, 1600-1917

India and Southeast Asia Under Colonial Rule

European Imperialism and Africa During the Age of Industry

China in the Age of Imperialism

Latin America From Independence to Dependent States

Modern Science and Its Implications

World War I and Its Disputed Settlement

A Fragile Balance: Europe in the Twenties

The Soviet Experiment to World War II

Totalitarianism Refined: the Nazi State

East Asia in a Century of Change

World War II

The Cold World War

Decolonization of the Non-Western World

The New Asia

Africas Decolonization and Independence

Latin America in the Twentieth Century

The Reemergence of the Muslim World

Collapse and Reemergence in Communist Europe

A New Millennium

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