Exam 5: War and Human Nature

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What is pseudo-specification? What might it tell us about instinctual theories of war?

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Arguments about whether war is instinctual or learned behavior are just another example of the common ________________________ debate we find in many areas of human behavior.

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Ethologists such as Konrad Lorenz argue that aggression is an_____________________ in humans as in other animals.

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Pseudo-specification makes it more difficult for people to kill each other.

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Konrad Lorenz divides the animal kingdom into two groups: ______________ and __________________.

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The phenomenon of "nonfirers" is often cited

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Make the strongest case you can in favor of the proposition that war is a cultural/social phenomenon, not an instinctual behavior.

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The tendency for lethal aggression to be accompanied by attempts to view one's victims as less than human is often used to support instinctual theories of war.

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The prevalence of ____________________ in war imagery and propaganda suggests that humans may have some inner resistance to killing other humans.

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Instinctual theories of aggression and war resonate most closely with a __________________ perspective on international relations.

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According to Lorenz, the rapid development of _______________ has upset the balance between our ability to kill and our inhibitions against doing so.

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That some societies have managed to go generations without being involved in war

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Human beings are different from most animals in that we

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Pseudo-specification makes it easier for people to kill other people.

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According to ethologists, aggression is

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Pseudo-specification entails

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Only non-lethal animals have developed inhibiting mechanisms and appeasement gestures.

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According to social learning theory, human behavior is shaped through a process of ___________________ and __________________.

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According to Konrad Lorenz, what makes war such a puzzle and how does he solve (i.e., explain) it?

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Aggression and violence are the same thing.

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