Exam 22: Minerals, Rocks, and Volcanoes

A(n) ______________ is the surface expression of magma that originates in the asthenosphere and deeper.

The largest plutons are called

Rocks formed from consolidated sediment deposited in layers are known as ______________ rocks.

The Mohs scale is based on how many minerals?

Orthoclase and plagioclase are the two main types of

Sediments are classified according to the source of their constituents into two main groups. One is chemical. What is the other?

The element that is most abundant in Earth's crust is

Which of the following is not one of the major types of metamorphism?

Gas, lava, and ______________ are the three general products emitted during a volcanic eruption.

Which of the following scientists is generally designated "the father of geology"?

The hardest mineral on the Mohs hardness scale is named ______________.

Laccoliths and sills are examples of ______________ plutons.

Intrusive igneous rock formations that cut more or less vertically across older formations are said to be ______________.

The two elements silicon and oxygen, taken together, make up about what percent of Earth's crust by mass?

The brilliancy of a gem is a function of its index of ______________.

The physical characteristic that is used to distinguish intrusive igneous rocks from extrusive igneous rocks is _____________.

Molten rock material on Earth's surface is called

The term cleavage refers to the tendency of some minerals to

The study of rocks is called

The process of transforming sediment into sedimentary rock is called