Question 1

Which of the following characteristics distinguish Darwin's theory from earlier explanations of biological diversity and adaptive traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  Darwin provided purely spiritual, rather than physical, explanations for the origins of biological diversity. 
B)  Darwin recognized that evolutionary change occurs in groups of organisms rather than in individuals: some members of a group survive and reproduce more successfully than others. 
C)  Darwin described evolution as a single-stage process: variations arise within groups, natural selection eliminates unsuccessful variations, and the next generation inherits successful variations. 
D)  Like Lamarck, Darwin understood that evolution does not occur because some organisms function worse than others in a particular environment. 
A)  Darwin provided purely spiritual, rather than physical, explanations for the origins of biological diversity. 
B)  Darwin recognized that evolutionary change occurs in groups of organisms rather than in individuals: some members of a group survive and reproduce more successfully than others. 
C)  Darwin described evolution as a single-stage process: variations arise within groups, natural selection eliminates unsuccessful variations, and the next generation inherits successful variations. 
D)  Like Lamarck, Darwin understood that evolution does not occur because some organisms function worse than others in a particular environment.

Question 2

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline.
-Species on oceanic islands often closely resemble species on the nearest mainland, suggesting that the islands and mainland species have a common ancestry.

Accepted Answer

A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil records
G)molecular techniques 
A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil records
G)molecular techniques

Question 3

Which of the following probably influenced Darwin the most when he was developing his theory of evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  catastrophism 
B)  uniformitarianism 
C)  Scala Naturae 
D)  vestigial structures 
A)  catastrophism 
B)  uniformitarianism 
C)  Scala Naturae 
D)  vestigial structures

Question 4

Match each person with their correct concept.
-Alfred Russel Wallace

Accepted Answer

A) vestigial structures 
B) evolution by natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) uniformitarianism 
A) vestigial structures 
B) evolution by natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) uniformitarianism

Question 5

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline.
-If you observe that the arms of humans and wings of birds are constructed similarly, you would be practicing this discipline.

Accepted Answer

A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil records
G)molecular techniques 
A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil records
G)molecular techniques

Question 6

Which of these concepts is closely related to adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A)  selection 
B)  survival 
C)  fitness 
D)  hierarchy 
A)  selection 
B)  survival 
C)  fitness 
D)  hierarchy

Question 7

Which of the following was NOT proposed by Lamarck's theory of evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Changes in species are a result of natural selection. 
B)  Organisms change in response to their environment. 
C)  New characteristics are passed from one generation to the next. 
D)  Species change through time. 
A)  Changes in species are a result of natural selection. 
B)  Organisms change in response to their environment. 
C)  New characteristics are passed from one generation to the next. 
D)  Species change through time.

Question 8

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline.
-This describes the small-scale genetic changes in populations.

Accepted Answer

A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil records
G)molecular techniques 
A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil records
G)molecular techniques

Question 9

Match each person with their correct concept.
-Jean Baptiste de Lamarck

Accepted Answer

A) vestigial structures 
B) evolution by natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) uniformitarianism 
A) vestigial structures 
B) evolution by natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) uniformitarianism

Question 10

Suppose that each species of Galápagos tortoise has a distinctive shell and that variations in shell size make some tortoises better adapted for defence. Imagine an island where many hunt these tortoises. Individuals with a larger shell would be more likely to survive and reproduce than would tortoises with smaller shells. These favoured individuals would pass on the genes that produce larger shells to their descendants, while those with smaller shells would not reproduce, leading to extinction. Which of the following would most likely drive this event?

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous selection 
B)  hereditary selection 
C)  natural selection 
D)  artificial selection 
A)  spontaneous selection 
B)  hereditary selection 
C)  natural selection 
D)  artificial selection

Question 11

Which of the following is extinction most likely an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mendelian genetics 
B)  natural selection 
C)  macroevolutionary change 
D)  microevolutionary change 
A)  Mendelian genetics 
B)  natural selection 
C)  macroevolutionary change 
D)  microevolutionary change

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of Scala Naturae?

Accepted Answer

A)  Darwin's ladder-like understanding of nature from the most complex to simplest 
B)  Darwin's ladder-like understanding of nature from simplest to the most complex 
C)  Aristotle's ladder-like understanding of nature from the most complex to simplest 
D)  Aristotle's ladder-like understanding of nature from simplest to the most complex 
A)  Darwin's ladder-like understanding of nature from the most complex to simplest 
B)  Darwin's ladder-like understanding of nature from simplest to the most complex 
C)  Aristotle's ladder-like understanding of nature from the most complex to simplest 
D)  Aristotle's ladder-like understanding of nature from simplest to the most complex

Question 13

Match each person with their correct concept.
-Charles Lyell

Accepted Answer

A) vestigial structures 
B) evolution by natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) uniformitarianism 
A) vestigial structures 
B) evolution by natural selection 
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics 
D) uniformitarianism

Question 14

What is the reason that a species still exists in its environment even after this environment changes?

Accepted Answer

A)  natural changes 
B)  adjustment 
C)  acclimatization 
D)  adaptation 
A)  natural changes 
B)  adjustment 
C)  acclimatization 
D)  adaptation

Question 15

What has Health Canada recognized as the top health issue in the past decade in Canada?

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV 
B)  bacterial antibiotic resistance 
C)  malaria 
D)  influenza 
A)  HIV 
B)  bacterial antibiotic resistance 
C)  malaria 
D)  influenza

Question 16

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline.
-In this discipline, genetics and mathematics are combined to predict how selection and other processes such as non-random reproduction, affect a population's genetic changes through time.

Accepted Answer

A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil records
G)molecular techniques 
A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil records
G)molecular techniques

Question 17

Who proposed that species change through time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Charles Lyell, Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, and Alfred Russel Wallace 
B)  James Hutton, Charles Darwin, and Alfred Russel Wallace 
C)  Aristotle, Charles Darwin, and Jean Baptiste de Lamarck 
D)  Charles Darwin, Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, and Alfred Russel Wallace 
A)  Charles Lyell, Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, and Alfred Russel Wallace 
B)  James Hutton, Charles Darwin, and Alfred Russel Wallace 
C)  Aristotle, Charles Darwin, and Jean Baptiste de Lamarck 
D)  Charles Darwin, Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, and Alfred Russel Wallace

Question 18

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline.
-This provides biologists with powerful tools for exploring all aspects of life.

Accepted Answer

A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil records
G)molecular techniques 
A) population genetics 
B) microevolution 
C) historical biogeography 
D) comparative morphology 
E) macroevolution
F)the fossil records
G)molecular techniques

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of Scala Naturae?

Accepted Answer

A)  Minerals rank below plants, plants below animals, animals below humans, and humans below the gods. 
B)  Mosses rank below ferns, ferns below flowering plants, flowering plants below bushes, and bushes below trees. 
C)  Cars rank below buses, buses below trucks, trucks below cars, and buses below airplanes. 
D)  Blood cells rank below blood liquid, blood liquid below lymph, lymph below connective tissue, and connective tissue below skin. 
A)  Minerals rank below plants, plants below animals, animals below humans, and humans below the gods. 
B)  Mosses rank below ferns, ferns below flowering plants, flowering plants below bushes, and bushes below trees. 
C)  Cars rank below buses, buses below trucks, trucks below cars, and buses below airplanes. 
D)  Blood cells rank below blood liquid, blood liquid below lymph, lymph below connective tissue, and connective tissue below skin.

Question 20

Which of the following statements best exemplifies the principle of selective pressures?

Accepted Answer

A)  the environmental pressures felt by selection 
B)  the environmental pressures felt by populations 
C)  the environmental pressures felt by species 
D)  the environmental pressures felt by organisms 
A)  the environmental pressures felt by selection 
B)  the environmental pressures felt by populations 
C)  the environmental pressures felt by species 
D)  the environmental pressures felt by organisms

Exam 16: Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Which of the following characteristics distinguish Darwin's theory from earlier explanations of biological diversity and adaptive traits?

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline. -Species on oceanic islands often closely resemble species on the nearest mainland, suggesting that the islands and mainland species have a common ancestry.

Which of the following probably influenced Darwin the most when he was developing his theory of evolution?

Match each person with their correct concept. -Alfred Russel Wallace

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline. -If you observe that the arms of humans and wings of birds are constructed similarly, you would be practicing this discipline.

Which of these concepts is closely related to adaptation?

Which of the following was NOT proposed by Lamarck's theory of evolution?

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline. -This describes the small-scale genetic changes in populations.

Match each person with their correct concept. -Jean Baptiste de Lamarck

Which of the following is extinction most likely an example of?

Which of the following is an example of Scala Naturae?

Match each person with their correct concept. -Charles Lyell

What is the reason that a species still exists in its environment even after this environment changes?

What has Health Canada recognized as the top health issue in the past decade in Canada?

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline. -In this discipline, genetics and mathematics are combined to predict how selection and other processes such as non-random reproduction, affect a population's genetic changes through time.

Who proposed that species change through time?

Match the descriptions listed below with their correct discipline. -This provides biologists with powerful tools for exploring all aspects of life.

Which of the following is an example of Scala Naturae?

Which of the following statements best exemplifies the principle of selective pressures?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

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