Question 1

Where is phloem sap moved to?

Accepted Answer

A)  to the root system 
B)  to sinks 
C)  to the shoot system 
D)  to sources 
A)  to the root system 
B)  to sinks 
C)  to the shoot system 
D)  to sources

Question 2

Many plants wind up with a Na+ concentration that is considerably lower than that of the surrounding soil. What plays a key role in allowing for such a difference to exist?

Accepted Answer

A)  endodermis 
B)  tonoplast 
C)  aquaporin 
D)  water potential 
A)  endodermis 
B)  tonoplast 
C)  aquaporin 
D)  water potential

Question 3

Suppose you discover a mutant plant that CANNOT actively transport solutes across the tonoplast. How will this plant differ from a wild-type plant?

Accepted Answer

A)  The plant will generally be like a normal plant. 
B)  The plant will wilt easily. 
C)  The plant will not have roots. 
D)  The plant will not have leaves. 
A)  The plant will generally be like a normal plant. 
B)  The plant will wilt easily. 
C)  The plant will not have roots. 
D)  The plant will not have leaves.

Question 4

Xylem sap is moved from the root system into what other structure in the plant body?

Accepted Answer

A)  the tonoplast system 
B)  the shoot system 
C)  the taproots 
D)  the trichomes 
A)  the tonoplast system 
B)  the shoot system 
C)  the taproots 
D)  the trichomes

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the process by which individual plant cells typically gain or lose water?

Accepted Answer

A)  symport 
B)  guttation 
C)  osmosis 
D)  facilitated diffusion 
A)  symport 
B)  guttation 
C)  osmosis 
D)  facilitated diffusion

Question 6

Match each term or phrase with the letter of the associated plant tissue. Each letter may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
-transport of hormones from growing shoot tips

Accepted Answer

A) xylem 
B) phloem 
C) both xylem and phloem 
D) neither xylem nor phloem 
A) xylem 
B) phloem 
C) both xylem and phloem 
D) neither xylem nor phloem

Question 7

Which term best describes the structure that is necessary for facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  a receptor protein 
B)  a pore 
C)  a signal protein 
D)  a carrier protein 
A)  a receptor protein 
B)  a pore 
C)  a signal protein 
D)  a carrier protein

Question 8

Which term best describes the typical movement of xylem sap from roots to shoot parts?

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitated diffusion 
B)  symport 
C)  osmosis 
D)  bulk flow 
A)  facilitated diffusion 
B)  symport 
C)  osmosis 
D)  bulk flow

Question 9

Which term best describes the movement of ions and large molecules across membranes via transport proteins against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

A)  passive diffusion 
B)  a symport 
C)  facilitated diffusion 
D)  active transport 
A)  passive diffusion 
B)  a symport 
C)  facilitated diffusion 
D)  active transport

Question 10

What is the state of stomata in CAM plants, such as cacti?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are nearly always open. 
B)  They are open during the day and are closed during the night. 
C)  They are almost never open. 
D)  They are open during the night and are closed during the day. 
A)  They are nearly always open. 
B)  They are open during the day and are closed during the night. 
C)  They are almost never open. 
D)  They are open during the night and are closed during the day.

Question 11

What is the fate of the majority of the water in xylem sap?

Accepted Answer

A)  It evaporates into the air. 
B)  It is used to make sugars. 
C)  It is used in capturing light energy. 
D)  It becomes part of new plant cells. 
A)  It evaporates into the air. 
B)  It is used to make sugars. 
C)  It is used in capturing light energy. 
D)  It becomes part of new plant cells.

Question 12

Which of the following characterizes the apoplastic pathways in the root?

Accepted Answer

A)  the water moves through living regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cell wall 
B)  the water moves through non-living regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cell wall 
C)  the water moves through living regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cytoplasm 
D)  the water moves through non-living regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cytoplasm 
A)  the water moves through living regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cell wall 
B)  the water moves through non-living regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cell wall 
C)  the water moves through living regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cytoplasm 
D)  the water moves through non-living regions but in the endodermis it must pass through the cytoplasm

Question 13

Which of the following best describes aquaporins?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are channel proteins for water. 
B)  They are carrier proteins for water. 
C)  They are channel proteins for solutes. 
D)  They are carrier proteins for water and solutes. 
A)  They are channel proteins for water. 
B)  They are carrier proteins for water. 
C)  They are channel proteins for solutes. 
D)  They are carrier proteins for water and solutes.

Question 14

What is the most widely accepted and supported model for explaining the movement of phloem sap in flowering plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  the translocation mechanism 
B)  the pressure-flow mechanism 
C)  the transpiration mechanism 
D)  the cohesion-tension mechanism 
A)  the translocation mechanism 
B)  the pressure-flow mechanism 
C)  the transpiration mechanism 
D)  the cohesion-tension mechanism

Question 15

Explain the processes of phloem loading and unloading in a flowering plant.

Accepted Answer

At a source, such as a photosynthesizing

Question 16

Which Greek letter is typically used to represent water potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  Greek letter î 
B)  Greek letter è 
C)  Greek letter ö 
D)  Greek letter ø 
A)  Greek letter î 
B)  Greek letter è 
C)  Greek letter ö 
D)  Greek letter ø

Question 17

Suppose a living plant cell has $\varPsi$=$\varPsi$s = -0.5 MPa. Also suppose that the plant cell is placed into a beaker filled with a solution for which $\varPsi$= 0. What will the cell then do?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will lose water until its $\varPsi$s = its$\varPsi$p. 
B)  It will take up water until within the cell$\varPsi$p = -$\varPsi$s. 
C)  It will take up water until its$\varPsi$s =$\varPsi$s of the solution. 
D)  It will take up water until it bursts. 
A)  It will lose water until its $\varPsi$s = its$\varPsi$p. 
B)  It will take up water until within the cell$\varPsi$p = -$\varPsi$s. 
C)  It will take up water until its$\varPsi$s =$\varPsi$s of the solution. 
D)  It will take up water until it bursts.

Question 18

Which of the following has a major effect on the rate of transpiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  soil minerals 
B)  growth rate 
C)  air temperature 
D)  predation 
A)  soil minerals 
B)  growth rate 
C)  air temperature 
D)  predation

Question 19

Which ion plays the most prominent role in the opening and closing of stomata?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cl- 
B)  K+ 
C)  Na+ 
D)  Ca2+ 
A)  Cl- 
B)  K+ 
C)  Na+ 
D)  Ca2+

Question 20

What route is being followed by water that moves through living cells in a root?

Accepted Answer

A)  the symplastic and epidermal pathways 
B)  the transmembrane and apoplastic pathways 
C)  the transmembrane and symplastic pathways 
D)  the apoplastic and epidermal pathways 
A)  the symplastic and epidermal pathways 
B)  the transmembrane and apoplastic pathways 
C)  the transmembrane and symplastic pathways 
D)  the apoplastic and epidermal pathways

Exam 34: Transport in Plants

Where is phloem sap moved to?

Many plants wind up with a Na+ concentration that is considerably lower than that of the surrounding soil. What plays a key role in allowing for such a difference to exist?

Suppose you discover a mutant plant that CANNOT actively transport solutes across the tonoplast. How will this plant differ from a wild-type plant?

Xylem sap is moved from the root system into what other structure in the plant body?

Which of the following best describes the process by which individual plant cells typically gain or lose water?

Match each term or phrase with the letter of the associated plant tissue. Each letter may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -transport of hormones from growing shoot tips

Which term best describes the structure that is necessary for facilitated diffusion?

Which term best describes the typical movement of xylem sap from roots to shoot parts?

Which term best describes the movement of ions and large molecules across membranes via transport proteins against their concentration gradient?

What is the state of stomata in CAM plants, such as cacti?

What is the fate of the majority of the water in xylem sap?

Which of the following characterizes the apoplastic pathways in the root?

Which of the following best describes aquaporins?

What is the most widely accepted and supported model for explaining the movement of phloem sap in flowering plants?

Explain the processes of phloem loading and unloading in a flowering plant.

Which Greek letter is typically used to represent water potential?

Suppose a living plant cell has Ψ\varPsiΨ = Ψ\varPsiΨ s = -0.5 MPa. Also suppose that the plant cell is placed into a beaker filled with a solution for which Ψ\varPsiΨ = 0. What will the cell then do?

Which of the following has a major effect on the rate of transpiration?

Which ion plays the most prominent role in the opening and closing of stomata?

What route is being followed by water that moves through living cells in a root?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Filters

Many plants wind up with a Na⁺ concentration that is considerably lower than that of the surrounding soil. What plays a key role in allowing for such a difference to exist?

Suppose a living plant cell has $\varPsi$ = $\varPsi$ _s = -0.5 MPa. Also suppose that the plant cell is placed into a beaker filled with a solution for which $\varPsi$ = 0. What will the cell then do?