Question 1

Janvier has blue eyes. His father has brown eyes, but his mother has blue eyes. What do we know for sure about these genotypes?

Accepted Answer

A) His father had two dominant alleles for eye colour. 
B) His father and his mother both contributed a recessive gene to Janvier. 
C) His mother is dominant for blue eyes. 
D) Janvier had a 75% chance of getting blue eyes. 
E) His mother is heterozygous for eye colour-one brown allele and blue allele. 
A) His father had two dominant alleles for eye colour. 
B) His father and his mother both contributed a recessive gene to Janvier. 
C) His mother is dominant for blue eyes. 
D) Janvier had a 75% chance of getting blue eyes. 
E) His mother is heterozygous for eye colour-one brown allele and blue allele.

Question 2

Identical twins have 100 percent of their genes in common, though people who know them often emphasize their personality differences. Therefore, we can say that twins have the same _______________, but environmental influences may affect each twin's _________________.

Accepted Answer

A) heritability; DNA 
B) phenotype; genotype 
C) characteristics; DNA 
D) genotype; phenotype 
E) phenotype; heritability 
A) heritability; DNA 
B) phenotype; genotype 
C) characteristics; DNA 
D) genotype; phenotype 
E) phenotype; heritability

Question 3

Which of the following Five Factor Model personality traits would be MOST helpful in problem solving and creative activities that could affect the ultimate survival of the species?

Accepted Answer

A) Extraversion 
B) Agreeableness 
C) Openness 
D) Emotional stability 
A) Extraversion 
B) Agreeableness 
C) Openness 
D) Emotional stability

Question 4

Polygenic transmission occurs when

Accepted Answer

A) a single phenotypic characteristic is determined by the interaction between several gene pairs 
B) a gene determines the expression of the trait it controls when its gene partner is recessive 
C) a gene determines the expression of the trait it controls when its gene partner is dominant 
D) a gene directly determines the expression of the trait it controls 
A) a single phenotypic characteristic is determined by the interaction between several gene pairs 
B) a gene determines the expression of the trait it controls when its gene partner is recessive 
C) a gene determines the expression of the trait it controls when its gene partner is dominant 
D) a gene directly determines the expression of the trait it controls

Question 5

The genes that are associated with dyslexia have likely caused

Accepted Answer

A) subtle changes in brain development 
B) sex-linked behaviours 
C) changes in visual processing 
D) intellectual impairment 
A) subtle changes in brain development 
B) sex-linked behaviours 
C) changes in visual processing 
D) intellectual impairment

Question 6

Genotype is to _________ as phenotype is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) learning; evolution 
B) evolution; learning 
C) genetic makeup; observable characteristics 
D) observable characteristics; genetic makeup 
A) learning; evolution 
B) evolution; learning 
C) genetic makeup; observable characteristics 
D) observable characteristics; genetic makeup

Question 7

It is important for both men and women to reproduce with many partners, in order to ensure that their genes are passed on to future generations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Barbara and Brenda are identical twins who were adopted at birth and raised by two different families. Andy and Andrew are identical twins raised together by their biological parents. When the four children entered high school they took an IQ test. Barbara and Andy each had scores of 110, while Brenda's IQ was measured at 120 and Andrew scored 108. These results support which of the following conclusions?

Accepted Answer

A) Intelligence is influenced by the environment only in extreme conditions 
B) Intelligence is almost entirely shaped by the environment except when rare genetic disorders are involved 
C) Intelligence is shaped by genetics as well as environmental influences 
D) Intelligence is entirely determined by genetics 
A) Intelligence is influenced by the environment only in extreme conditions 
B) Intelligence is almost entirely shaped by the environment except when rare genetic disorders are involved 
C) Intelligence is shaped by genetics as well as environmental influences 
D) Intelligence is entirely determined by genetics

Question 9

The global appearance of the five basic personality traits is due to the fact that these traits increased our chances for survival and reproduction. This belief is postulated by the ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) social learning theory 
B) social cognitive theory 
C) evolutionary personality theory 
D) cognitive-affective personality theory 
A) social learning theory 
B) social cognitive theory 
C) evolutionary personality theory 
D) cognitive-affective personality theory

Question 10

Every type of cell in the human body except one type has ______________.

Accepted Answer

A) 46 genes 
B) 46 chromosomes 
C) 23 genes 
D) 23 chromosomes 
A) 46 genes 
B) 46 chromosomes 
C) 23 genes 
D) 23 chromosomes

Question 11

The heritability coefficient for smoking is around + .50 in a particular group. This means that

Accepted Answer

A) the observed variation in smoking is equally due to both genes and the environment 
B) the observed variation in smoking is due mostly to genes 
C) the observed variation in smoking is due mostly to the environment 
D) smoking is genetically inherited 
E) there was little variation in smoking within the group 
A) the observed variation in smoking is equally due to both genes and the environment 
B) the observed variation in smoking is due mostly to genes 
C) the observed variation in smoking is due mostly to the environment 
D) smoking is genetically inherited 
E) there was little variation in smoking within the group

Question 12

Dr. Jennings is interested in studying the heritability of jealousy. So, he conducts a twin study and concludes that the heritability coefficient is + 1.82. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A) The variability in jealousy is mostly due to genes. 
B) The variability in jealousy is mostly due to the environment. 
C) The variability in jealousy is due to both genes and environment. 
D) Jealousy is not a polygenetic trait. 
E) Dr.Jennings made a mistake. 
A) The variability in jealousy is mostly due to genes. 
B) The variability in jealousy is mostly due to the environment. 
C) The variability in jealousy is due to both genes and environment. 
D) Jealousy is not a polygenetic trait. 
E) Dr.Jennings made a mistake.

Question 13

Nicole donates food to the local food bank every month for those who are less fortunate. Which theory helps to explain why she does this?

Accepted Answer

A) Kin selection 
B) Reciprocal altruism 
C) Bystander effect 
D) Natural selection 
A) Kin selection 
B) Reciprocal altruism 
C) Bystander effect 
D) Natural selection

Question 14

What does heritability refer to?

Accepted Answer

A) Variation in a trait attributable to genetic factors. 
B) Variation in a trait attributable to environmental factors. 
C) Variation in a trait, within a specific group or population, attributable to genetic factors. 
D) Variation in a trait, between multiple groups or populations, attributable to genetic factors. 
E) None of these response options is correct. 
A) Variation in a trait attributable to genetic factors. 
B) Variation in a trait attributable to environmental factors. 
C) Variation in a trait, within a specific group or population, attributable to genetic factors. 
D) Variation in a trait, between multiple groups or populations, attributable to genetic factors. 
E) None of these response options is correct.

Question 15

If intelligence was completely determined by genetics, then which set of correlations would be the same?

Accepted Answer

A) Between identical twins vs.between fraternal twins 
B) Between identical twins vs.between any two siblings 
C) Between fraternal twins vs.between any siblings 
D) Between a parent and a child vs.between identical twins 
A) Between identical twins vs.between fraternal twins 
B) Between identical twins vs.between any two siblings 
C) Between fraternal twins vs.between any siblings 
D) Between a parent and a child vs.between identical twins

Question 16

Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to the differences in personality traits in identical twins?

Accepted Answer

A) Genetics 
B) Family environment 
C) School experiences 
D) Social interactions 
A) Genetics 
B) Family environment 
C) School experiences 
D) Social interactions

Question 17

Parental investment theory states that the males of a species will be larger if their parental investment is low because

Accepted Answer

A) males would undertake more survival responsibilities 
B) larger size would make males more desirable mating partners for females 
C) males would be less active in interaction with off-spring 
D) larger size would give males an advantage for male-male competition 
A) males would undertake more survival responsibilities 
B) larger size would make males more desirable mating partners for females 
C) males would be less active in interaction with off-spring 
D) larger size would give males an advantage for male-male competition

Question 18

Early women who had sex before securing a commitment were more likely to be left without a partner to help during the pregnancy and childrearing. Explanatory theories based on differences in _____________ would argue that many modern women's tendency to insist on some indication of commitment before having sex is a direct, inherited, and adaptive result.

Accepted Answer

A) parental investment 
B) social influence 
C) evolutionary personality 
D) strategic pluralism 
E) social Darwinism 
A) parental investment 
B) social influence 
C) evolutionary personality 
D) strategic pluralism 
E) social Darwinism

Question 19

Many researchers are interested to know whether intelligence is determined mainly by biological factors or mainly by environmental factors. Studies comparing the IQ of identical vs. fraternal twins consistently show a much higher concordance for the identical twins. Which of the following confounding variables might lead us to overestimate the extent to which intelligence might be attributed to genetic heritability in such studies?

Accepted Answer

A) The identical twins share more biological information. 
B) The identical twins were raised in the same environment. 
C) The fraternal twins still share a large amount of biological information. 
D) The fraternal twins were separated at birth. 
E) Intelligence cannot be accurately measured. 
A) The identical twins share more biological information. 
B) The identical twins were raised in the same environment. 
C) The fraternal twins still share a large amount of biological information. 
D) The fraternal twins were separated at birth. 
E) Intelligence cannot be accurately measured.

Question 20

According to the ______, organisms are most likely to help those who are offspring and genetic relatives.

Accepted Answer

A) empathy-altruism hypothesis 
B) theory of reciprocal altruism 
C) kin selection theory 
D) natural selection principle 
A) empathy-altruism hypothesis 
B) theory of reciprocal altruism 
C) kin selection theory 
D) natural selection principle

Janvier has blue eyes. His father has brown eyes, but his mother has blue eyes. What do we know for sure about these genotypes?

Identical twins have 100 percent of their genes in common, though people who know them often emphasize their personality differences. Therefore, we can say that twins have the same _, but environmental influences may affect each twin's ___.

Which of the following Five Factor Model personality traits would be MOST helpful in problem solving and creative activities that could affect the ultimate survival of the species?

Polygenic transmission occurs when

The genes that are associated with dyslexia have likely caused

Genotype is to _ as phenotype is to .

It is important for both men and women to reproduce with many partners, in order to ensure that their genes are passed on to future generations.

The global appearance of the five basic personality traits is due to the fact that these traits increased our chances for survival and reproduction. This belief is postulated by the ___________.

Every type of cell in the human body except one type has ______________.

The heritability coefficient for smoking is around + .50 in a particular group. This means that

Dr. Jennings is interested in studying the heritability of jealousy. So, he conducts a twin study and concludes that the heritability coefficient is + 1.82. What does this mean?

Nicole donates food to the local food bank every month for those who are less fortunate. Which theory helps to explain why she does this?

What does heritability refer to?

If intelligence was completely determined by genetics, then which set of correlations would be the same?

Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to the differences in personality traits in identical twins?

Parental investment theory states that the males of a species will be larger if their parental investment is low because

According to the ______, organisms are most likely to help those who are offspring and genetic relatives.

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Behaviour in a Social Context

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 4: Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Janvier has blue eyes. His father has brown eyes, but his mother has blue eyes. What do we know for sure about these genotypes?

Identical twins have 100 percent of their genes in common, though people who know them often emphasize their personality differences. Therefore, we can say that twins have the same _______________, but environmental influences may affect each twin's _________________.

Which of the following Five Factor Model personality traits would be MOST helpful in problem solving and creative activities that could affect the ultimate survival of the species?

Polygenic transmission occurs when

The genes that are associated with dyslexia have likely caused

Genotype is to _________ as phenotype is to ________.

It is important for both men and women to reproduce with many partners, in order to ensure that their genes are passed on to future generations.

The global appearance of the five basic personality traits is due to the fact that these traits increased our chances for survival and reproduction. This belief is postulated by the ___________.

Every type of cell in the human body except one type has ______________.

The heritability coefficient for smoking is around + .50 in a particular group. This means that

Dr. Jennings is interested in studying the heritability of jealousy. So, he conducts a twin study and concludes that the heritability coefficient is + 1.82. What does this mean?

Nicole donates food to the local food bank every month for those who are less fortunate. Which theory helps to explain why she does this?

What does heritability refer to?

If intelligence was completely determined by genetics, then which set of correlations would be the same?

Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to the differences in personality traits in identical twins?

Parental investment theory states that the males of a species will be larger if their parental investment is low because

According to the ______, organisms are most likely to help those who are offspring and genetic relatives.

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Studying Behaviour Scientifically

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Behaviour in a Social Context

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Identical twins have 100 percent of their genes in common, though people who know them often emphasize their personality differences. Therefore, we can say that twins have the same _, but environmental influences may affect each twin's ___.

Genotype is to _ as phenotype is to .