Exam 18: Document Examination

What is the process by which the image is stored in memory by scanning and converting by computer into an array of digital intensity values called picture elements?

No two specimens of writing prepared by one person are ever identical in every detail.

Infrared luminescence can reveal writing that has been erased.

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Any document that has become darkened and brittle through exposure to fire or excessive heat B)The removal of writing, typewriting, or printing from a document, normally accomplished by either chemical means or an abrasive instrument C)A property exhibited by some dyes that emit infrared light when exposed to blue-green light D)Blotting out or smearing over writing or printing to make the original unreadable E)A header that fax machines print F)The process by which an image is stored in memory G)Any document about which some issue has been raised or that is the subject of an investigation H)An authentic sample used for comparison purposes, such as handwriting I)Impressions left on paper positioned under a piece of paper that has been written on J)Normal deviations found between repeated specimens of an individual's handwriting -Exemplar

When comparing sample writing to a suspect document, the age difference between the documents should be no more than:

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Any document that has become darkened and brittle through exposure to fire or excessive heat B)The removal of writing, typewriting, or printing from a document, normally accomplished by either chemical means or an abrasive instrument C)A property exhibited by some dyes that emit infrared light when exposed to blue-green light D)Blotting out or smearing over writing or printing to make the original unreadable E)A header that fax machines print F)The process by which an image is stored in memory G)Any document about which some issue has been raised or that is the subject of an investigation H)An authentic sample used for comparison purposes, such as handwriting I)Impressions left on paper positioned under a piece of paper that has been written on J)Normal deviations found between repeated specimens of an individual's handwriting -Obliteration

Angularity, slope, and speed are examples of individual variations.

The writing characteristics of a person may be altered by whether:

The property exhibited by some dyes that emit infrared light when exposed to blue-green light is known as:

Examination of toner typically involves microscopic analysis followed by identification of the inorganic and organic components.

Overwriting or crossing out writing is known as:

The ease with which one can find individual variations in a typewritten document is ________ the ease of finding such defects in documents produced by business and personal computers.

Two analytical techniques used to analyze writing inks are microspectrophotometry and ________ chromatography.

________ printers include thermal and dot-matrix printers.

________ luminescence can be used to detect alterations to a document made with ink differing from the original and can also reveal writing that has been erased.

Inks on handwritten documents may be compared for their chemical composition by the technique of:

Name five important characteristics of a printer, photocopier, or fax machine that a document examiner must identify when analyzing a document in a situation where the suspect machine is not available.

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Any document that has become darkened and brittle through exposure to fire or excessive heat B)The removal of writing, typewriting, or printing from a document, normally accomplished by either chemical means or an abrasive instrument C)A property exhibited by some dyes that emit infrared light when exposed to blue-green light D)Blotting out or smearing over writing or printing to make the original unreadable E)A header that fax machines print F)The process by which an image is stored in memory G)Any document about which some issue has been raised or that is the subject of an investigation H)An authentic sample used for comparison purposes, such as handwriting I)Impressions left on paper positioned under a piece of paper that has been written on J)Normal deviations found between repeated specimens of an individual's handwriting -Infrared luminescence

Which is an example of an impact printer?

Investigators can use a TTI to determine the model of ________ machine that produced the document.