Question 1

What are most of the POPs listed in the Stockholm Convention "Dirty Dozen" used for?

Accepted Answer

A) insecticides 
B) fungicides 
C) herbicides 
D) industrial solvents 
A) insecticides 
B) fungicides 
C) herbicides 
D) industrial solvents

Question 2

Who is an epidemiologist?Discuss the relationship between epidemiology and the environment.Use an example to support your discussion.

Accepted Answer

An epidemiologist is a scientist who stu

Question 3

Risk assessment involves all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) financial costs of the predicted risk. 
B) identification of the hazard. 
C) dose-response assessment. 
D) assessment of the exposure. 
A) financial costs of the predicted risk. 
B) identification of the hazard. 
C) dose-response assessment. 
D) assessment of the exposure.

Question 4

What is risk assessment and how is it performed?Explain the importance of risk assessment by using an example to show how the knowledge of risk assessment is important in making decisions.

Accepted Answer

Risk assessment is the qualitative and q

Question 5

How does bioaccumulation occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Toxins move up the food chain,so that predators ingest higher concentrations. 
B) Toxins do not break down and remain in the environment for long periods of time. 
C) Ingested toxins -that are slow to be metabolized and excreted - are instead stored in the body. 
D) Organisms are exposed to low doses of toxins over several years. 
A) Toxins move up the food chain,so that predators ingest higher concentrations. 
B) Toxins do not break down and remain in the environment for long periods of time. 
C) Ingested toxins -that are slow to be metabolized and excreted - are instead stored in the body. 
D) Organisms are exposed to low doses of toxins over several years.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about dose-response curves is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) A dose-response curve shows the effect of different doses of a toxicant on a population. 
B) Doses lower than the threshold level will have no measurable effect on organisms. 
C) The smaller the LD₅₀,the more toxic the chemical. 
D) Studies of the dose-response curves of toxicants gives us assurance that for all chemicals there is a threshold level of the chemical so small amounts of chemical pollution pose no health risks 
A) A dose-response curve shows the effect of different doses of a toxicant on a population. 
B) Doses lower than the threshold level will have no measurable effect on organisms. 
C) The smaller the LD₅₀,the more toxic the chemical. 
D) Studies of the dose-response curves of toxicants gives us assurance that for all chemicals there is a threshold level of the chemical so small amounts of chemical pollution pose no health risks

Question 7

Define acute toxicity and explain how it is different from chronic toxicity?Use the example of pesticides to highlight the differences between the forms of toxicity.

Accepted Answer

Acute toxicity is the adverse effect tha

Question 8

We measure toxicity by the dose at which adverse effects are produced.Which of the following statements about the dose of and response to toxic agents are true?

Accepted Answer

A) Lethal doses of particular toxicants for humans are known through doing laboratory tests on human subjects. 
B) Doses are expressed in milligrams of toxicant per kilogram of body weight. 
C) Sub-lethal doses usually produce acute toxicity whereas lethal doses produce chronic toxicity. 
D) Response to a dose depends only on the type of toxicant and not the age or health of the organism. 
A) Lethal doses of particular toxicants for humans are known through doing laboratory tests on human subjects. 
B) Doses are expressed in milligrams of toxicant per kilogram of body weight. 
C) Sub-lethal doses usually produce acute toxicity whereas lethal doses produce chronic toxicity. 
D) Response to a dose depends only on the type of toxicant and not the age or health of the organism.

Question 9

Compare and contrast risk assessment and risk management.

Accepted Answer

Risk assessment involves using statistic

Question 10

Which of the following characteristics caused DDT to have such a devastating impact on birds of prey like eagles?

Accepted Answer

A) Persistence 
B) bioaccumulation 
C) biomagnification 
D) all of these choices 
A) Persistence 
B) bioaccumulation 
C) biomagnification 
D) all of these choices

Question 11

Which of the following statements about risk,risk assessment,and risk management is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A) Risk assessment is the quantitative and qualitative characterization of risks so that they can be compared,contrasted and managed. 
B) Risk assessment estimates the probability that an event will occur and helps us determine how we can best avoid,reduce,or eliminate a particular risk. 
C) Based on risk assessment calculations,to reduce the risk of cancer it is more important to stop smoking than to stop drinking bottled water. 
D) All of the above statements about risk,risk assessment,and risk management are correct. 
A) Risk assessment is the quantitative and qualitative characterization of risks so that they can be compared,contrasted and managed. 
B) Risk assessment estimates the probability that an event will occur and helps us determine how we can best avoid,reduce,or eliminate a particular risk. 
C) Based on risk assessment calculations,to reduce the risk of cancer it is more important to stop smoking than to stop drinking bottled water. 
D) All of the above statements about risk,risk assessment,and risk management are correct.

Question 12

Risk:

Accepted Answer

A) only applies to environmental impact on human health and welfare. 
B) is an assessment of the financial cost of environmental impact. 
C) is the probability that a given hypothesis will be proven true. 
D) is the probability of injury,disease,death,or environmental damage under a given set of circumstances. 
A) only applies to environmental impact on human health and welfare. 
B) is an assessment of the financial cost of environmental impact. 
C) is the probability that a given hypothesis will be proven true. 
D) is the probability of injury,disease,death,or environmental damage under a given set of circumstances.

Question 13

Which of the following is an endocrine disrupter?

Accepted Answer

A) CFCs 
B) mercury 
C) ozone 
D) carbon dioxide 
A) CFCs 
B) mercury 
C) ozone 
D) carbon dioxide

Question 14

What is the major risk associated with endocrine disruptors?

Accepted Answer

A) cardiovascular disease 
B) cancer 
C) reproductive abnormalities 
D) neurological damage 
A) cardiovascular disease 
B) cancer 
C) reproductive abnormalities 
D) neurological damage

What are most of the POPs listed in the Stockholm Convention "Dirty Dozen" used for?

Who is an epidemiologist?Discuss the relationship between epidemiology and the environment.Use an example to support your discussion.

Risk assessment involves all of the following EXCEPT:

What is risk assessment and how is it performed?Explain the importance of risk assessment by using an example to show how the knowledge of risk assessment is important in making decisions.

How does bioaccumulation occur?

Which of the following statements about dose-response curves is FALSE?

Define acute toxicity and explain how it is different from chronic toxicity?Use the example of pesticides to highlight the differences between the forms of toxicity.

We measure toxicity by the dose at which adverse effects are produced.Which of the following statements about the dose of and response to toxic agents are true?

Compare and contrast risk assessment and risk management.

Which of the following characteristics caused DDT to have such a devastating impact on birds of prey like eagles?

Which of the following statements about risk,risk assessment,and risk management is CORRECT?

Risk:

Which of the following is an endocrine disrupter?

What is the major risk associated with endocrine disruptors?

The Environmental Challenges We Face

Sustainability and Human Values

Environmental History, Politics, and Economics

How Ecosystems Work

Ecosystems and Evolution

Human Population Change and the Environment

Air and Air Pollution

Global Atmospheric Changes

Freshwater Resources and Water Pollution

The Ocean and Fisheries

Mineral and Soil Resources

Land Resources

Agriculture and Food Resources

Biodiversity and Conservation

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Nonrenewable Energy Resources

Renewable Energy Resources

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Exam 4: Risk Analysis and Environmental Health Hazards

What are most of the POPs listed in the Stockholm Convention "Dirty Dozen" used for?

Who is an epidemiologist?Discuss the relationship between epidemiology and the environment.Use an example to support your discussion.

Risk assessment involves all of the following EXCEPT:

What is risk assessment and how is it performed?Explain the importance of risk assessment by using an example to show how the knowledge of risk assessment is important in making decisions.

How does bioaccumulation occur?

Which of the following statements about dose-response curves is FALSE?

Define acute toxicity and explain how it is different from chronic toxicity?Use the example of pesticides to highlight the differences between the forms of toxicity.

We measure toxicity by the dose at which adverse effects are produced.Which of the following statements about the dose of and response to toxic agents are true?

Compare and contrast risk assessment and risk management.

Which of the following characteristics caused DDT to have such a devastating impact on birds of prey like eagles?

Which of the following statements about risk,risk assessment,and risk management is CORRECT?

Risk:

Which of the following is an endocrine disrupter?

What is the major risk associated with endocrine disruptors?

The Environmental Challenges We Face

Sustainability and Human Values

Environmental History, Politics, and Economics

How Ecosystems Work

Ecosystems and Evolution

Human Population Change and the Environment

Air and Air Pollution

Global Atmospheric Changes

Freshwater Resources and Water Pollution

The Ocean and Fisheries

Mineral and Soil Resources

Land Resources

Agriculture and Food Resources

Biodiversity and Conservation

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Nonrenewable Energy Resources

Renewable Energy Resources

Filters