Question 1

A patient has a heart rate of 140 beats/min,a blood pressure of 110/60 mm Hg,and an ejection fraction of 35%.The blood pumped by the ventricle is

Accepted Answer

A)  65%. 
B)  35%. 
C)  60% to 90%. 
D)  unknown from the data. 
A)  65%. 
B)  35%. 
C)  60% to 90%. 
D)  unknown from the data.

Question 2

A drug that activates alpha₁-adrenergic receptors

Accepted Answer

A)  causes a vasodepressor effect. 
B)  is classified as a (-) inotropic drug. 
C)  elevates blood pressure. 
D)  is classified as an antihypertensive drug. 
A)  causes a vasodepressor effect. 
B)  is classified as a (-) inotropic drug. 
C)  elevates blood pressure. 
D)  is classified as an antihypertensive drug.

Question 3

An elderly person has been on bed rest for 2 weeks.On her first attempt to get out of bed,she experiences an episode of syncope.What is the most likely cardiovascular explanation for her fainting episode?

Accepted Answer

A)  White coat hypertension 
B)  Postural hypotension 
C)  Elevated blood pressure 
D)  Hypoglycemia 
A)  White coat hypertension 
B)  Postural hypotension 
C)  Elevated blood pressure 
D)  Hypoglycemia

Question 4

If the left ventricle of the heart fails,blood backs up in the pulmonary capillary,

Accepted Answer

A)  decreasing plasma oncotic pressure and drying out the lungs. 
B)  blocking the flow of lymph and drying out the lungs. 
C)  increasing capillary hydrostatic pressure and forcing fluid into the lungs. 
D)  increasing plasma oncotic pressure, causing pulmonary edema. 
A)  decreasing plasma oncotic pressure and drying out the lungs. 
B)  blocking the flow of lymph and drying out the lungs. 
C)  increasing capillary hydrostatic pressure and forcing fluid into the lungs. 
D)  increasing plasma oncotic pressure, causing pulmonary edema.

Question 5

With which phrase is afterload most associated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heart rate 
B)  Arteriolar vasoconstriction 
C)  (+) Inotropic effect 
D)  Venous return 
A)  Heart rate 
B)  Arteriolar vasoconstriction 
C)  (+) Inotropic effect 
D)  Venous return

Question 6

An agent that is described as a vasopressor

Accepted Answer

A)  causes peripheral vasodilation. 
B)  elevates blood pressure. 
C)  decreases systemic vascular resistance. 
D)  decreases cardiac output. 
A)  causes peripheral vasodilation. 
B)  elevates blood pressure. 
C)  decreases systemic vascular resistance. 
D)  decreases cardiac output.

Question 7

With regard to the baroreceptor reflex,which event occurs first?

Accepted Answer

A)  Activation of the baroreceptors in response to a drop in blood pressure 
B)  Reflex tachycardia 
C)  Stimulation of the sympathetic nerves 
D)  Stimulation of the glossopharyngeal (CN IX) and the vagus (CN X) nerves 
A)  Activation of the baroreceptors in response to a drop in blood pressure 
B)  Reflex tachycardia 
C)  Stimulation of the sympathetic nerves 
D)  Stimulation of the glossopharyngeal (CN IX) and the vagus (CN X) nerves

Question 8

An intense vagal discharge is most apt to cause

Accepted Answer

A)  tachycardia. 
B)  syncope. 
C)  deep vein thrombosis. 
D)  white coat hypertension. 
A)  tachycardia. 
B)  syncope. 
C)  deep vein thrombosis. 
D)  white coat hypertension.

Question 9

Which statement is not true about baroreceptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Can induce a reflex tachycardia 
B)  Located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch 
C)  Activated by hypoxemia 
D)  Activated by a hemorrhage-induced decline in blood pressure 
A)  Can induce a reflex tachycardia 
B)  Located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch 
C)  Activated by hypoxemia 
D)  Activated by a hemorrhage-induced decline in blood pressure

Question 10

In which direction does blood flow shift in response to exercise?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased blood flow to kidneys and digestive tract 
B)  Increased blood flow to skin and skeletal muscles 
C)  Increased blood flow to abdominal organs and kidneys 
D)  Decreased blood flow to the heart and skeletal muscles 
A)  Increased blood flow to kidneys and digestive tract 
B)  Increased blood flow to skin and skeletal muscles 
C)  Increased blood flow to abdominal organs and kidneys 
D)  Decreased blood flow to the heart and skeletal muscles

Question 11

If plasma oncotic pressure exceeds CHP,

Accepted Answer

A)  fluid is filtered from the capillary into the interstitium. 
B)  fluid moves osmotically into the capillary from the interstitium. 
C)  plasma proteins diffuse from the capillary into the interstitium. 
D)  blood volume decreases. 
A)  fluid is filtered from the capillary into the interstitium. 
B)  fluid moves osmotically into the capillary from the interstitium. 
C)  plasma proteins diffuse from the capillary into the interstitium. 
D)  blood volume decreases.

Question 12

Baroreceptors

Accepted Answer

A)  are found in all arterioles and sense plasma levels of CO2. 
B)  affect respiratory rate. 
C)  monitor [H+] and therefore regulate blood pH. 
D)  are located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch and sense changes in blood pressure. 
A)  are found in all arterioles and sense plasma levels of CO2. 
B)  affect respiratory rate. 
C)  monitor [H+] and therefore regulate blood pH. 
D)  are located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch and sense changes in blood pressure.

Question 13

A newly diagnosed hypertensive patient is started on prazosin,an alpha adrenergic blocker.Within the hour,he complains of dizziness and loses consciousness.What has happened?

Accepted Answer

A)  The drug activated the baroreceptors, causing an intense parasympathetic discharge, and thereby increasing blood pressure and precipitating a mild stroke. 
B)  The prazosin decreased his blood pressure too much; the drug-induced hypotension caused the fainting event (syncope). 
C)  The prazosin caused spasm of the cerebral blood vessels, which, in turn, caused loss of consciousness. 
D)  The patient experienced a hypertensive crisis. 
A)  The drug activated the baroreceptors, causing an intense parasympathetic discharge, and thereby increasing blood pressure and precipitating a mild stroke. 
B)  The prazosin decreased his blood pressure too much; the drug-induced hypotension caused the fainting event (syncope). 
C)  The prazosin caused spasm of the cerebral blood vessels, which, in turn, caused loss of consciousness. 
D)  The patient experienced a hypertensive crisis.

Question 14

Which of the following is true of vasoconstriction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Caused by parasympathetic nerve stimulation 
B)  Increases afterload 
C)  Caused by vagal discharge 
D)  Generally accompanied by arteriolar dilation 
A)  Caused by parasympathetic nerve stimulation 
B)  Increases afterload 
C)  Caused by vagal discharge 
D)  Generally accompanied by arteriolar dilation

Question 15

Which blood vessels have very thin walls and are called the exchange vessels?

Accepted Answer

A)  Arterioles 
B)  Veins 
C)  Capillaries 
D)  Arteries 
A)  Arterioles 
B)  Veins 
C)  Capillaries 
D)  Arteries

Question 16

ANP and BNP are secreted by the heart in response to

Accepted Answer

A)  distension of the heart walls. 
B)  low blood pressure. 
C)  tachycardia. 
D)  low blood volume. 
A)  distension of the heart walls. 
B)  low blood pressure. 
C)  tachycardia. 
D)  low blood volume.

Question 17

A patient has a heart rate of 128 beats/min,a blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg,and an ejection fraction of 35%.The pulse pressure is

Accepted Answer

A)  65%. 
B)  30 mm Hg. 
C)  150 mm Hg. 
D)  unknown from the data. 
A)  65%. 
B)  30 mm Hg. 
C)  150 mm Hg. 
D)  unknown from the data.

Question 18

ADH increases blood pressure by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  acting as a vasopressor. 
B)  increasing blood volume by reabsorption of water by the kidneys. 
C)  vasoconstriction. 
D)  activating the baroreceptors. 
A)  acting as a vasopressor. 
B)  increasing blood volume by reabsorption of water by the kidneys. 
C)  vasoconstriction. 
D)  activating the baroreceptors.

Question 19

Edema is least likely to occur in which of the following situations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plasma oncotic pressure decreases because of starvation. 
B)  Plasma oncotic pressure decreases because the child filters large amounts of albumin into the urine. 
C)  Plasma osmolarity increases when the patient becomes dehydrated. 
D)  A woman with breast cancer has surgery that involves a breast amputation and removal of the lymph nodes and vessels. 
A)  Plasma oncotic pressure decreases because of starvation. 
B)  Plasma oncotic pressure decreases because the child filters large amounts of albumin into the urine. 
C)  Plasma osmolarity increases when the patient becomes dehydrated. 
D)  A woman with breast cancer has surgery that involves a breast amputation and removal of the lymph nodes and vessels.

Exam 19: Functions of the Blood Vessels

A patient has a heart rate of 140 beats/min,a blood pressure of 110/60 mm Hg,and an ejection fraction of 35%.The blood pumped by the ventricle is

A drug that activates alpha₁-adrenergic receptors

An elderly person has been on bed rest for 2 weeks.On her first attempt to get out of bed,she experiences an episode of syncope.What is the most likely cardiovascular explanation for her fainting episode?

If the left ventricle of the heart fails,blood backs up in the pulmonary capillary,

With which phrase is afterload most associated?

An agent that is described as a vasopressor

With regard to the baroreceptor reflex,which event occurs first?

An intense vagal discharge is most apt to cause

Which statement is not true about baroreceptors?

In which direction does blood flow shift in response to exercise?

If plasma oncotic pressure exceeds CHP,

Baroreceptors

A newly diagnosed hypertensive patient is started on prazosin,an alpha adrenergic blocker.Within the hour,he complains of dizziness and loses consciousness.What has happened?

Which of the following is true of vasoconstriction?

Which blood vessels have very thin walls and are called the exchange vessels?

ANP and BNP are secreted by the heart in response to

A patient has a heart rate of 128 beats/min,a blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg,and an ejection fraction of 35%.The pulse pressure is

ADH increases blood pressure by all of the following except

Edema is least likely to occur in which of the following situations?

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Endocrine System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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