Question 1

Which artery is most often used to measure blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carotid 
B)  Brachial 
C)  Femoral 
D)  Circle of Willis 
A)  Carotid 
B)  Brachial 
C)  Femoral 
D)  Circle of Willis

Question 2

The function of the nozzle on a garden hose most closely resembles the function of the

Accepted Answer

A)  heart. 
B)  parasympathetic nervous system. 
C)  arterioles. 
D)  venous valves. 
A)  heart. 
B)  parasympathetic nervous system. 
C)  arterioles. 
D)  venous valves.

Question 3

Plasma oncotic pressure is caused primarily by

Accepted Answer

A)  blood pressure. 
B)  plasma proteins, especially albumin. 
C)  lymph. 
D)  electrolytes such as sodium and chloride. 
A)  blood pressure. 
B)  plasma proteins, especially albumin. 
C)  lymph. 
D)  electrolytes such as sodium and chloride.

Question 4

Capillary hydrostatic pressure is a reflection of

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma proteins. 
B)  albumin. 
C)  lymph. 
D)  blood pressure. 
A)  plasma proteins. 
B)  albumin. 
C)  lymph. 
D)  blood pressure.

Question 5

Which of the following exerts a vasopressor effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diuretic 
B)  Alpha1-adrenergic agonist 
C)  Beta1-adrenergic antagonist 
D)  Vagomimetic 
A)  Diuretic 
B)  Alpha1-adrenergic agonist 
C)  Beta1-adrenergic antagonist 
D)  Vagomimetic

Question 6

Which of the following is most responsible for the plasma oncotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Albumin 
B)  Cl- 
C)  Na+ 
D)  HCO3- 
A)  Albumin 
B)  Cl- 
C)  Na+ 
D)  HCO3-

Question 7

Which of the following best explains the function of the skeletal muscle pump?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enhanced movement of blood from the lower extremities toward the heart 
B)  Thinning of venous blood so as to prevent deep vein thrombosis 
C)  Enhanced arterial perfusion of the leg muscles in preparation for exercise 
D)  Enhanced diffusion of oxygen from the blood into the muscles 
A)  Enhanced movement of blood from the lower extremities toward the heart 
B)  Thinning of venous blood so as to prevent deep vein thrombosis 
C)  Enhanced arterial perfusion of the leg muscles in preparation for exercise 
D)  Enhanced diffusion of oxygen from the blood into the muscles

Question 8

Which of the following best indicates why a person who is taking antihypertensive drugs should not drink alcohol or sit in a hot tub?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypokalemia (low potassium) and flabby muscles 
B)  Hypertensive crisis and stroke 
C)  Vasodilation and hypotension 
D)  Hemolysis and jaundice 
A)  Hypokalemia (low potassium) and flabby muscles 
B)  Hypertensive crisis and stroke 
C)  Vasodilation and hypotension 
D)  Hemolysis and jaundice

Question 9

Which of the following increases systemic vascular resistance,stroke volume,and heart rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulation of the vagus nerve 
B)  Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system 
C)  Administration of a sympatholytic drug 
D)  Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system 
A)  Stimulation of the vagus nerve 
B)  Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system 
C)  Administration of a sympatholytic drug 
D)  Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 10

A pregnant woman notices that her ankles are swollen after standing for 6 hours at her place of employment.In the evening,when she elevates her feet,the swelling diminishes because

Accepted Answer

A)  capillary hydrostatic pressure in the blood vessels of the lower extremities decreases. 
B)  plasma oncotic pressure decreases. 
C)  plasma oncotic pressure increases. 
D)  lymphatic drainage decreases. 
A)  capillary hydrostatic pressure in the blood vessels of the lower extremities decreases. 
B)  plasma oncotic pressure decreases. 
C)  plasma oncotic pressure increases. 
D)  lymphatic drainage decreases.

Question 11

Which of the following is true regarding the sympathetic and parasympathetic arms of the baroreceptor reflex? They carry

Accepted Answer

A)  sensory information from the baroreceptors to the SA and AV nodes of the heart. 
B)  sensory information from the SA and AV nodes to the spinal cord. 
C)  motor information from the spinal cord to the heart and blood vessels. 
D)  motor information from the heart and blood vessels to the aortic and carotid sinus baroreceptors. 
A)  sensory information from the baroreceptors to the SA and AV nodes of the heart. 
B)  sensory information from the SA and AV nodes to the spinal cord. 
C)  motor information from the spinal cord to the heart and blood vessels. 
D)  motor information from the heart and blood vessels to the aortic and carotid sinus baroreceptors.

Question 12

Coolness,pain,pallor,pulselessness,paresthesia,and paralysis are caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  hypertension. 
B)  impaired blood flow. 
C)  decreased oncotic pressure. 
D)  edema. 
A)  hypertension. 
B)  impaired blood flow. 
C)  decreased oncotic pressure. 
D)  edema.

Question 13

If the lymphatic vessels are blocked or surgically removed,

Accepted Answer

A)  excess fluid is filtered out of the capillary. 
B)  plasma oncotic pressure decreases, thereby causing fluid to leak out of the capillary. 
C)  fluid and protein accumulate in the interstitium, thereby causing edema. 
D)  excess fluid moves into the capillary, thereby "drying out" the interstitium. 
A)  excess fluid is filtered out of the capillary. 
B)  plasma oncotic pressure decreases, thereby causing fluid to leak out of the capillary. 
C)  fluid and protein accumulate in the interstitium, thereby causing edema. 
D)  excess fluid moves into the capillary, thereby "drying out" the interstitium.

Question 14

A sphygmomanometer measures

Accepted Answer

A)  blood flow. 
B)  hematocrit. 
C)  blood pressure. 
D)  oxygen saturation. 
A)  blood flow. 
B)  hematocrit. 
C)  blood pressure. 
D)  oxygen saturation.

Question 15

A tight collar might trigger the baroreceptor reflex because the

Accepted Answer

A)  carotid baroreceptors sense a change in the osmolarity of the blood flowing through the carotid arteries. 
B)  carotid baroreceptors interpret the elevated carotid pressure as an elevation of blood pressure. 
C)  tight collar occludes blood flow to the brain, causing cerebral artery spasms. 
D)  tight collar impairs drainage of cerebral venous blood, causing cerebral edema. 
A)  carotid baroreceptors sense a change in the osmolarity of the blood flowing through the carotid arteries. 
B)  carotid baroreceptors interpret the elevated carotid pressure as an elevation of blood pressure. 
C)  tight collar occludes blood flow to the brain, causing cerebral artery spasms. 
D)  tight collar impairs drainage of cerebral venous blood, causing cerebral edema.

Question 16

A patient has hemorrhaged 1 liter of blood; he is diaphoretic (profuse perspiration),oliguric (decreased urinary output),and tachycardic.Physiologically,what is happening?

Accepted Answer

A)  The patient has lost so much plasma protein (albumin) that fluid has shifted into his tissue spaces. 
B)  In response to the blood loss and declining blood pressure, the baroreceptor reflex has kicked in, causing a sympathetic discharge. 
C)  The shock-induced low blood pressure has caused a vagal discharge. 
D)  The shock-induced hypotension has inactivated all autonomic receptors. 
A)  The patient has lost so much plasma protein (albumin) that fluid has shifted into his tissue spaces. 
B)  In response to the blood loss and declining blood pressure, the baroreceptor reflex has kicked in, causing a sympathetic discharge. 
C)  The shock-induced low blood pressure has caused a vagal discharge. 
D)  The shock-induced hypotension has inactivated all autonomic receptors.

Question 17

Systemic vascular resistance and afterload decrease when the

Accepted Answer

A)  blood viscosity increases. 
B)  stroke volume increases. 
C)  arterioles dilate. 
D)  arterioles respond to sympathetic nerve stimulation. 
A)  blood viscosity increases. 
B)  stroke volume increases. 
C)  arterioles dilate. 
D)  arterioles respond to sympathetic nerve stimulation.

Question 18

Which of the following is the most likely consequence of venodilation,or "pooling" of the blood in the venous circulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased EDV (end-diastolic volume) 
B)  Increased afterload 
C)  Decreased preload 
D)  (+) Inotropic effect 
A)  Increased EDV (end-diastolic volume) 
B)  Increased afterload 
C)  Decreased preload 
D)  (+) Inotropic effect

Question 19

If plasma osmolarity increases,as in dehydration or the infusion of mannitol (a sugar solution),

Accepted Answer

A)  filtration rate increases. 
B)  fluid is forced out of the capillary into the interstitium. 
C)  fluid is "pulled" into the capillary from the interstitium. 
D)  plasma proteins diffuse out of the capillary into the interstitium. 
A)  filtration rate increases. 
B)  fluid is forced out of the capillary into the interstitium. 
C)  fluid is "pulled" into the capillary from the interstitium. 
D)  plasma proteins diffuse out of the capillary into the interstitium.

Question 20

Which of the following is a consequence of sympathetic nerve stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased afterload 
B)  Peripheral vasoconstriction 
C)  Increased systemic vascular resistance 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Increased afterload 
B)  Peripheral vasoconstriction 
C)  Increased systemic vascular resistance 
D)  All of the above

Exam 19: Functions of the Blood Vessels

Which artery is most often used to measure blood pressure?

The function of the nozzle on a garden hose most closely resembles the function of the

Plasma oncotic pressure is caused primarily by

Capillary hydrostatic pressure is a reflection of

Which of the following exerts a vasopressor effect?

Which of the following is most responsible for the plasma oncotic pressure?

Which of the following best explains the function of the skeletal muscle pump?

Which of the following best indicates why a person who is taking antihypertensive drugs should not drink alcohol or sit in a hot tub?

Which of the following increases systemic vascular resistance,stroke volume,and heart rate?

A pregnant woman notices that her ankles are swollen after standing for 6 hours at her place of employment.In the evening,when she elevates her feet,the swelling diminishes because

Which of the following is true regarding the sympathetic and parasympathetic arms of the baroreceptor reflex? They carry

Coolness,pain,pallor,pulselessness,paresthesia,and paralysis are caused by

If the lymphatic vessels are blocked or surgically removed,

A sphygmomanometer measures

A tight collar might trigger the baroreceptor reflex because the

A patient has hemorrhaged 1 liter of blood; he is diaphoretic (profuse perspiration),oliguric (decreased urinary output),and tachycardic.Physiologically,what is happening?

Systemic vascular resistance and afterload decrease when the

Which of the following is the most likely consequence of venodilation,or "pooling" of the blood in the venous circulation?

If plasma osmolarity increases,as in dehydration or the infusion of mannitol (a sugar solution),

Which of the following is a consequence of sympathetic nerve stimulation?

Introduction to the Human Body

Basic Chemistry

Cells

Cell Metabolism

Microbiology Basics

Tissues and Membranes

Integumentary System and Body Temperature

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System: Nervous Tissue and Brain

Nervous System: Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Sensory System

Endocrine System

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Function of the Heart

Anatomy of the Blood Vessels

Lymphatic System

Immune System

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Human Development and Heredity

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