Question 1

The proper name for the classification system in use in the Canada since 1975 is the Great Soil Groups system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What are the biotic and abiotic factors involved with soil formation?

Accepted Answer

Soil formation, also known as pedogenesi

Question 3

Cryosolic soils

Accepted Answer

A) form quickly. 
B) are one of the oldest recognized soil orders. 
C) are not really soils in the CSSC. 
D) are often the location of permafrost. 
E) are known for their high fertility. 
A) form quickly. 
B) are one of the oldest recognized soil orders. 
C) are not really soils in the CSSC. 
D) are often the location of permafrost. 
E) are known for their high fertility.

Question 4

Heavy,expandable clay soils are classified as

Accepted Answer

A) Podzolic soils. 
B) Organic soils. 
C) Vertisolic soils. 
D) Chernozemic soils. 
E) Gleysolic soils. 
A) Podzolic soils. 
B) Organic soils. 
C) Vertisolic soils. 
D) Chernozemic soils. 
E) Gleysolic soils.

Question 5

Which of the following are examples of soil forming factors?

Accepted Answer

A) surface relief,worms and bacteria 
B) worms,bacteria and lithification 
C) bacteria,lithification and rainfall 
D) rainfall,lithification and surface relief 
E) lithification,surface relief and bacteria 
A) surface relief,worms and bacteria 
B) worms,bacteria and lithification 
C) bacteria,lithification and rainfall 
D) rainfall,lithification and surface relief 
E) lithification,surface relief and bacteria

Question 6

Which pedogenic regime occurs in cool,wet climates in areas of poor drainage,and results in the accumulation of humus-as well as a water-saturated layer of gray clay?

Accepted Answer

A) laterization 
B) salinization 
C) podzolation 
D) gleysation 
E) calcification 
A) laterization 
B) salinization 
C) podzolation 
D) gleysation 
E) calcification

Question 7

The physical and chemical weathering of the upper lithosphere produces

Accepted Answer

A) soil. 
B) materials from which soils can develop which have properties different than those of their source materials. 
C) true soil with no further organic activity. 
D) soil fertility. 
E) organic matter. 
A) soil. 
B) materials from which soils can develop which have properties different than those of their source materials. 
C) true soil with no further organic activity. 
D) soil fertility. 
E) organic matter.

Question 8

What material in the soil serves a similar role to that of clay because of its ion exchange capacity,ability to store water,and ability to bind particles together?

Accepted Answer

A) calcium carbonate 
B) humus 
C) caliche 
D) plinthite 
E) hematite. 
A) calcium carbonate 
B) humus 
C) caliche 
D) plinthite 
E) hematite.

Question 9

A soil horizon that is 20 to 30 percent or more organic matter is labeled

Accepted Answer

A) 
A)  
B) 
B)  
C) 
C)  
D) O) 
E) R) 
A) 
A)  
B) 
B)  
C) 
C)  
D) O) 
E) R)

Question 10

B horizons are often ________ in colour because of ________.

Accepted Answer

A) dark accumulation of humus 
B) dark it is made of dark coloured,mafic minerals 
C) reddish or yellowish the minerals they contain are often chemically oxidized 
D) reddish or yellowish the minerals they contain are often chemically reduced 
E) white to clear the accumulation of high silica sand. 
A) dark accumulation of humus 
B) dark it is made of dark coloured,mafic minerals 
C) reddish or yellowish the minerals they contain are often chemically oxidized 
D) reddish or yellowish the minerals they contain are often chemically reduced 
E) white to clear the accumulation of high silica sand.

Question 11

Cryosolic soils

Accepted Answer

A) are permafrost affected soils that contain about half the half the pool of global carbon. 
B) are the highly organic soils of the subtropical rain forest. 
C) are the soils that develop in the humid continental interior of North America. 
D) can be used as an alternative fuel source as they burn cleanly and do not increase greenhouse gas concentrations. 
E) contain cryolite,a natural resource useful for pest control. 
A) are permafrost affected soils that contain about half the half the pool of global carbon. 
B) are the highly organic soils of the subtropical rain forest. 
C) are the soils that develop in the humid continental interior of North America. 
D) can be used as an alternative fuel source as they burn cleanly and do not increase greenhouse gas concentrations. 
E) contain cryolite,a natural resource useful for pest control.

Question 12

The science that deals with the origin,classification,and distribution of soils is known as ________,whereas the science that deals with soil as a medium for plant growth is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) pedology edaphology 
B) edaphology pedology 
C) pedology geomorphology 
D) geomorphology edaphology 
E) ornithology geology 
A) pedology edaphology 
B) edaphology pedology 
C) pedology geomorphology 
D) geomorphology edaphology 
E) ornithology geology

Question 13

The ability of certain soil particles to transfer mineral ions between their surfaces and the soil solution is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) soil acidity. 
B) soil alkalinity. 
C) colloidal action. 
D) cation-exchange capacity. 
E) soil consistence 
A) soil acidity. 
B) soil alkalinity. 
C) colloidal action. 
D) cation-exchange capacity. 
E) soil consistence

Question 14

The Canadian System of soil classification has not been updated since the mid-1970s.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

If humus were lost from the soil due to excessive farming or soil erosion,which of the following could occur?

Accepted Answer

A) loss of soil structure,fertility and water holding capacity 
B) loss of fertility,structure,and mineral matter 
C) loss of water-holding capacity,mineral matter and loft 
D) loss of compaction,water-holding capacity and mineral matter 
E) increase in mineral matter,water holding capacity,and compaction. 
A) loss of soil structure,fertility and water holding capacity 
B) loss of fertility,structure,and mineral matter 
C) loss of water-holding capacity,mineral matter and loft 
D) loss of compaction,water-holding capacity and mineral matter 
E) increase in mineral matter,water holding capacity,and compaction.

Question 16

The ability of colloids to attract ions means that

Accepted Answer

A) ions needed by plants do not leach as easily as they otherwise would. 
B) soil fertility is reduced. 
C) plant growth is inhibited. 
D) soil drainage is reduced 
E) ions move downward to the deepest layers of soil and become unavailable to plant roots. 
A) ions needed by plants do not leach as easily as they otherwise would. 
B) soil fertility is reduced. 
C) plant growth is inhibited. 
D) soil drainage is reduced 
E) ions move downward to the deepest layers of soil and become unavailable to plant roots.

Question 17

Why is Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge so polluted with selenium? What has been done to alleviate the pollution? What are the long-term prospects for the refuge?

Accepted Answer

Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge is po

Question 18

The great grassland soils of the world are called

Accepted Answer

A) Podzolic (Spodosols). 
B) Brunisolic (Gelisols). 
C) Vertisolic (Vertisols). 
D) Chernozemic.(Mollisols) 
E) Luvisolic (Alfisols) 
A) Podzolic (Spodosols). 
B) Brunisolic (Gelisols). 
C) Vertisolic (Vertisols). 
D) Chernozemic.(Mollisols) 
E) Luvisolic (Alfisols)

Question 19

A roughly equal mixture of sand,silt,and clay is called

Accepted Answer

A) humus. 
B) regolith. 
C) solum. 
D) loam. 
E) illuviation. 
A) humus. 
B) regolith. 
C) solum. 
D) loam. 
E) illuviation.

Question 20

A few centimeters of prime farmland soil can take 500 years to mature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 18: The Geography of Soils

The proper name for the classification system in use in the Canada since 1975 is the Great Soil Groups system.

What are the biotic and abiotic factors involved with soil formation?

Cryosolic soils

Heavy,expandable clay soils are classified as

Which of the following are examples of soil forming factors?

Which pedogenic regime occurs in cool,wet climates in areas of poor drainage,and results in the accumulation of humus-as well as a water-saturated layer of gray clay?

The physical and chemical weathering of the upper lithosphere produces

What material in the soil serves a similar role to that of clay because of its ion exchange capacity,ability to store water,and ability to bind particles together?

A soil horizon that is 20 to 30 percent or more organic matter is labeled

B horizons are often ________ in colour because of ________.

Cryosolic soils

The science that deals with the origin,classification,and distribution of soils is known as ________,whereas the science that deals with soil as a medium for plant growth is called ________.

The ability of certain soil particles to transfer mineral ions between their surfaces and the soil solution is referred to as

The Canadian System of soil classification has not been updated since the mid-1970s.

If humus were lost from the soil due to excessive farming or soil erosion,which of the following could occur?

The ability of colloids to attract ions means that

Why is Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge so polluted with selenium? What has been done to alleviate the pollution? What are the long-term prospects for the refuge?

The great grassland soils of the world are called

A roughly equal mixture of sand,silt,and clay is called

A few centimeters of prime farmland soil can take 500 years to mature.

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earth's Modern Atmosphere

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

Climate Systems and Climate Change

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems and Landforms

Eolian Processes and Arid Landscapes

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Landforms

Glacial and Periglacial Processes and Landforms

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Earth and the Human Denominator

Filters

B horizons are often in colour because of .

The science that deals with the origin,classification,and distribution of soils is known as ,whereas the science that deals with soil as a medium for plant growth is called .