Question 1

Montrose Wolf advocated for the assessment of what he called "social validity", a subjective way of determining which concept?

Accepted Answer

A) clinical significance 
B) statistical significance 
C) effect size 
D) analogue models 
A) clinical significance 
B) statistical significance 
C) effect size 
D) analogue models

Question 2

When a control group is used in experimental research, how will the members of the control group be treated?

Accepted Answer

A) the same as the control group in any other psychology study 
B) the same as the treatment group except that they will be given psychological therapy 
C) the same as the treatment group except that they will not be exposed to the independent variable 
D) the same as the treatment group except that they will be exposed to the independent variable 
A) the same as the control group in any other psychology study 
B) the same as the treatment group except that they will be given psychological therapy 
C) the same as the treatment group except that they will not be exposed to the independent variable 
D) the same as the treatment group except that they will be exposed to the independent variable

Question 3

In cross-cultural research, what is the usual independent variable?

Accepted Answer

A) the method used to treat the disorder 
B) the disorder 
C) the environment 
D) the culture 
A) the method used to treat the disorder 
B) the disorder 
C) the environment 
D) the culture

Question 4

What does the term "external validity" refer to?

Accepted Answer

A) the degree to which we can attribute the results to the effects of the independent variable 
B) the degree to which the dependent variable was changed in the study 
C) the power of the independent variable to cause a change in the dependent variable 
D) the extent to which findings apply to individuals or situations other than those studied 
A) the degree to which we can attribute the results to the effects of the independent variable 
B) the degree to which the dependent variable was changed in the study 
C) the power of the independent variable to cause a change in the dependent variable 
D) the extent to which findings apply to individuals or situations other than those studied

Question 5

Dr.Ishmael wants to use a case study design.Which of the following is a possible problem with her chosen method?

Accepted Answer

A) It includes the use of the experimental method. 
B) It has high internal validity but external validity is frequently compromised. 
C) The results may be unique to the particular person(s) being studied. 
D) The characteristics of one individual can rarely tell you anything meaningful about a disorder. 
A) It includes the use of the experimental method. 
B) It has high internal validity but external validity is frequently compromised. 
C) The results may be unique to the particular person(s) being studied. 
D) The characteristics of one individual can rarely tell you anything meaningful about a disorder.

Question 6

Which of the following questions could be answered using a cross-sectional design?

Accepted Answer

A) What early behaviours did adult panic disorder patients tend to display when they were young? 
B) Are the cognitive triggers for panic disorder different in children and adults? 
C) How does panic disorder develop from childhood to adulthood in an individual? 
D) Does the severity of anxiety change over time? 
A) What early behaviours did adult panic disorder patients tend to display when they were young? 
B) Are the cognitive triggers for panic disorder different in children and adults? 
C) How does panic disorder develop from childhood to adulthood in an individual? 
D) Does the severity of anxiety change over time?

Question 7

Which of the following makes it difficult to determine the genetic components of psychological disorders by using family studies?

Accepted Answer

A) physical similarities 
B) shared genes 
C) the same socioeconomic conditions 
D) the fact that family members live together 
A) physical similarities 
B) shared genes 
C) the same socioeconomic conditions 
D) the fact that family members live together

Question 8

What kind of study is conducted to identify the location of genes that may be associated with specific psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

A) a single-case genetic experiment 
B) a genetic linkage analysis 
C) a family DNA study 
D) a comparative gene analysis 
A) a single-case genetic experiment 
B) a genetic linkage analysis 
C) a family DNA study 
D) a comparative gene analysis

Question 9

Approximately how many genes were discovered in the human genome project?

Accepted Answer

A) 10000 
B) 25000 
C) 75000 
D) 125000 
A) 10000 
B) 25000 
C) 75000 
D) 125000

Question 10

A child is having temper tantrums at home, at school, and at his grandparents' house.After working with the parents for a while, the therapist believes that the child is being rewarded for his tantrums in each setting because his teacher, parents, and grandparents generally give him what he wants just to make him stop yelling.The therapist devises a plan to stop his tantrums but implements the plan at home first, at school the following week, and at the grandparents' home several weeks later.From a research perspective, what is this strategy an example of?

Accepted Answer

A) multiple baseline 
B) repeated measures 
C) withdrawal method 
D) placebo control 
A) multiple baseline 
B) repeated measures 
C) withdrawal method 
D) placebo control

Question 11

Which of the following hypotheses would have adequate testability?

Accepted Answer

A) All people see a bright light before they die. 
B) Behaviour is influenced by subconscious thoughts. 
C) Supernatural forces influence our behaviour every day. 
D) Children who view aggression are more likely to act in an aggressive manner. 
A) All people see a bright light before they die. 
B) Behaviour is influenced by subconscious thoughts. 
C) Supernatural forces influence our behaviour every day. 
D) Children who view aggression are more likely to act in an aggressive manner.

Question 12

In a control group, which of the following is NOT a way people are similar to the experimental group?

Accepted Answer

A) They have been exposed to the independent variable but have been told they are receiving a placebo. 
B) They are not exposed to the dependent variable at all. 
C) They have not been exposed to the independent variable but have been told they are receiving a placebo. 
D) They are not exposed to the independent variable at all. 
A) They have been exposed to the independent variable but have been told they are receiving a placebo. 
B) They are not exposed to the dependent variable at all. 
C) They have not been exposed to the independent variable but have been told they are receiving a placebo. 
D) They are not exposed to the independent variable at all.

Question 13

What is the advantage of using a withdrawal design as part of a single-case experiment?

Accepted Answer

A) The researcher can determine whether improvements gained with treatment are lost when the treatment is withheld. 
B) The researcher can counterbalance the research design with additional measures to improve internal and external validity. 
C) The researcher can conduct a true double-blind experiment. 
D) The researcher can control for the placebo effect. 
A) The researcher can determine whether improvements gained with treatment are lost when the treatment is withheld. 
B) The researcher can counterbalance the research design with additional measures to improve internal and external validity. 
C) The researcher can conduct a true double-blind experiment. 
D) The researcher can control for the placebo effect.

Question 14

Professor Black is asked by one of his students to describe the meaning of a hypothesis.What should Professor Black say?

Accepted Answer

A) A hypothesis is a question. 
B) A hypothesis is a statement of fact 
C) A hypothesis is a prediction about behaviour. 
D) A hypothesis is an established theory. 
A) A hypothesis is a question. 
B) A hypothesis is a statement of fact 
C) A hypothesis is a prediction about behaviour. 
D) A hypothesis is an established theory.

Question 15

Combining twin and adoption studies, researchers often study monozygotic twins raised in different families.Using this method, what do similarities in behaviours, traits, and psychological disorders between monozygotic twins raised apart help researchers to determine?

Accepted Answer

A) whether it is detrimental to separate twins at birth 
B) the effects of genes on psychological functioning 
C) whether genes impact likelihood of adoption 
D) the effects of adoption on a child's psychological functioning 
A) whether it is detrimental to separate twins at birth 
B) the effects of genes on psychological functioning 
C) whether genes impact likelihood of adoption 
D) the effects of adoption on a child's psychological functioning

Question 16

Which of the following is a problem in understanding variations in behaviour among individuals from different cultural groups?

Accepted Answer

A) The differences may be due to environmental factors. 
B) The differences may be due to genetic or cultural factors or a combination of both. 
C) Different cultural research methods are used to study and define psychopathology. 
D) Different research methods are used to study psychopathology across cultures. 
A) The differences may be due to environmental factors. 
B) The differences may be due to genetic or cultural factors or a combination of both. 
C) Different cultural research methods are used to study and define psychopathology. 
D) Different research methods are used to study psychopathology across cultures.

Question 17

A researcher studies the impact of stress on college students' exam scores.Whether the results of this study help us to understand the relationship between job performance and stress levels of real-life organizational workers is a question of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) external validity 
B) a clinical hypothesis 
C) study confounds 
D) random sampling 
A) external validity 
B) a clinical hypothesis 
C) study confounds 
D) random sampling

Question 18

Statistical significance determines whether an observed difference between a treatment and control group is likely due to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) random assignment 
B) external validity 
C) chance 
D) confounds 
A) random assignment 
B) external validity 
C) chance 
D) confounds

Question 19

Describe correlational research.Explain the statistic used to represent the relationship between variables.Provide and explain an illustrative example of two variables that are negatively correlated.Discuss the advantages and limitations of the correlational method.

Accepted Answer

Correlational research is a type of rese

Question 20

What is one reason why cross-sectional studies are more common than longitudinal studies?

Accepted Answer

A) Cross-sectional studies involve a very small number of subjects. 
B) Cross-sectional studies produce more accurate results. 
C) Longitudinal studies take many years to complete. 
D) Longitudinal studies involve very sophisticated statistical procedures. 
A) Cross-sectional studies involve a very small number of subjects. 
B) Cross-sectional studies produce more accurate results. 
C) Longitudinal studies take many years to complete. 
D) Longitudinal studies involve very sophisticated statistical procedures.

Montrose Wolf advocated for the assessment of what he called "social validity", a subjective way of determining which concept?

When a control group is used in experimental research, how will the members of the control group be treated?

In cross-cultural research, what is the usual independent variable?

What does the term "external validity" refer to?

Dr.Ishmael wants to use a case study design.Which of the following is a possible problem with her chosen method?

Which of the following questions could be answered using a cross-sectional design?

Which of the following makes it difficult to determine the genetic components of psychological disorders by using family studies?

What kind of study is conducted to identify the location of genes that may be associated with specific psychological disorders?

Approximately how many genes were discovered in the human genome project?

Which of the following hypotheses would have adequate testability?

In a control group, which of the following is NOT a way people are similar to the experimental group?

What is the advantage of using a withdrawal design as part of a single-case experiment?

Professor Black is asked by one of his students to describe the meaning of a hypothesis.What should Professor Black say?

Combining twin and adoption studies, researchers often study monozygotic twins raised in different families.Using this method, what do similarities in behaviours, traits, and psychological disorders between monozygotic twins raised apart help researchers to determine?

Which of the following is a problem in understanding variations in behaviour among individuals from different cultural groups?

A researcher studies the impact of stress on college students' exam scores.Whether the results of this study help us to understand the relationship between job performance and stress levels of real-life organizational workers is a question of which of the following?

Statistical significance determines whether an observed difference between a treatment and control group is likely due to which of the following?

Describe correlational research.Explain the statistic used to represent the relationship between variables.Provide and explain an illustrative example of two variables that are negatively correlated.Discuss the advantages and limitations of the correlational method.

What is one reason why cross-sectional studies are more common than longitudinal studies?

Abnormal Behavior in Historical Context

An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology

Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis

Anxiety, Trauma, and Stressor-Related and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders and Dissociative Disorders

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Eating and Sleep-Wake Disorders

Physical Disorders and Health Psychology

Sexual Dysfunctions, Paraphilic Disorders, and Gender Dysphoria

Substance-Related, Addictive, and Impulse-Control Disorders

Personality Disorders

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Neurocognitive Disorders

Mental Health Services: Legal and Ethical Issues

Legal and Ethical Issues in Mental Health

The Psychology of Health and Illness

Filters

Exam 4: Research Methods

Montrose Wolf advocated for the assessment of what he called "social validity", a subjective way of determining which concept?

When a control group is used in experimental research, how will the members of the control group be treated?

In cross-cultural research, what is the usual independent variable?

What does the term "external validity" refer to?

Dr.Ishmael wants to use a case study design.Which of the following is a possible problem with her chosen method?

Which of the following questions could be answered using a cross-sectional design?

Which of the following makes it difficult to determine the genetic components of psychological disorders by using family studies?

What kind of study is conducted to identify the location of genes that may be associated with specific psychological disorders?

Approximately how many genes were discovered in the human genome project?

Which of the following hypotheses would have adequate testability?

In a control group, which of the following is NOT a way people are similar to the experimental group?

What is the advantage of using a withdrawal design as part of a single-case experiment?

Professor Black is asked by one of his students to describe the meaning of a hypothesis.What should Professor Black say?

Combining twin and adoption studies, researchers often study monozygotic twins raised in different families.Using this method, what do similarities in behaviours, traits, and psychological disorders between monozygotic twins raised apart help researchers to determine?

Which of the following is a problem in understanding variations in behaviour among individuals from different cultural groups?

A researcher studies the impact of stress on college students' exam scores.Whether the results of this study help us to understand the relationship between job performance and stress levels of real-life organizational workers is a question of which of the following?

Statistical significance determines whether an observed difference between a treatment and control group is likely due to which of the following?

Describe correlational research.Explain the statistic used to represent the relationship between variables.Provide and explain an illustrative example of two variables that are negatively correlated.Discuss the advantages and limitations of the correlational method.

What is one reason why cross-sectional studies are more common than longitudinal studies?

Abnormal Behavior in Historical Context

An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology

Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis

Anxiety, Trauma, and Stressor-Related and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders and Dissociative Disorders

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Eating and Sleep-Wake Disorders

Physical Disorders and Health Psychology

Sexual Dysfunctions, Paraphilic Disorders, and Gender Dysphoria

Substance-Related, Addictive, and Impulse-Control Disorders

Personality Disorders

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Neurocognitive Disorders

Mental Health Services: Legal and Ethical Issues

Legal and Ethical Issues in Mental Health

The Psychology of Health and Illness

Filters