Question 1

Essential amino acids _____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​​are needed in larger amounts than nonessential amino acids 
B) are only found in fortified breakfast cereals 
C) are more important than the nonessential amino acids 
D) must be obtained from the diet 
E) are also referred to as "dispensable amino acids" 
A) ​​are needed in larger amounts than nonessential amino acids 
B) are only found in fortified breakfast cereals 
C) are more important than the nonessential amino acids 
D) must be obtained from the diet 
E) are also referred to as "dispensable amino acids"

Question 2

​To obtain maximum muscle strength,one should take amino acid supplements daily.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Match each term with the appropriate definition.
-​immunoproteins

Accepted Answer

A) difference between nitrogen intake and excretion 
B) blood proteins such as antibodies that play a role in the immune system 
C) genetic material contained in cells that directs the production of proteins in the body 
D) amino acids that cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by humans 
E) amino acids that can be readily be produced by humans from components of the diet
F)end product of protein decomposition and chief component of urine
G)proteins that are deficient in one or more essential amino acids
H)form of severe protein-energy malnutrition in young children
I)substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another
J)proteins that contain all of the essential amino acids in amounts needed to support growth and tissue maintenance
K)chemical substance in foods made up of chains of amino acids 
A) difference between nitrogen intake and excretion 
B) blood proteins such as antibodies that play a role in the immune system 
C) genetic material contained in cells that directs the production of proteins in the body 
D) amino acids that cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by humans 
E) amino acids that can be readily be produced by humans from components of the diet
F)end product of protein decomposition and chief component of urine
G)proteins that are deficient in one or more essential amino acids
H)form of severe protein-energy malnutrition in young children
I)substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another
J)proteins that contain all of the essential amino acids in amounts needed to support growth and tissue maintenance
K)chemical substance in foods made up of chains of amino acids

Question 4

​Consumption of 45% of total calories from protein is considered safe for athletes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which amino acid is essential?

Accepted Answer

A) asparagine 
B) tryptophan 
C) glycine 
D) glutamine 
E) proline 
A) asparagine 
B) tryptophan 
C) glycine 
D) glutamine 
E) proline

Question 6

Describe three functions of protein in the human body.​

Accepted Answer

Examples of functions of protein include

Question 7

Match each term with the appropriate definition.
-​DNA

Accepted Answer

A) difference between nitrogen intake and excretion 
B) blood proteins such as antibodies that play a role in the immune system 
C) genetic material contained in cells that directs the production of proteins in the body 
D) amino acids that cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by humans 
E) amino acids that can be readily be produced by humans from components of the diet
F)end product of protein decomposition and chief component of urine
G)proteins that are deficient in one or more essential amino acids
H)form of severe protein-energy malnutrition in young children
I)substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another
J)proteins that contain all of the essential amino acids in amounts needed to support growth and tissue maintenance
K)chemical substance in foods made up of chains of amino acids 
A) difference between nitrogen intake and excretion 
B) blood proteins such as antibodies that play a role in the immune system 
C) genetic material contained in cells that directs the production of proteins in the body 
D) amino acids that cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by humans 
E) amino acids that can be readily be produced by humans from components of the diet
F)end product of protein decomposition and chief component of urine
G)proteins that are deficient in one or more essential amino acids
H)form of severe protein-energy malnutrition in young children
I)substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another
J)proteins that contain all of the essential amino acids in amounts needed to support growth and tissue maintenance
K)chemical substance in foods made up of chains of amino acids

Question 8

​Tyrosine is an essential amino acid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Sam has been looking into ways to supplement his diet with amino acid supplements.However,Sam's sister Katie is concerned that the supplements could adversely affect his health.Answer the following questions to help Sam make the best decisions for increasing protein intake without experiencing negative side effects.
-What should Sam do within an hour after his workout to enhance muscle protein synthesis,muscle mass,and muscle recovery?

Accepted Answer

A) Take a walk and drink plenty of water. 
B) Consume some caffeine. 
C) Drink a fruit smoothie. 
D) Consume 20 grams of high-quality protein. 
E) Take a nap. 
A) Take a walk and drink plenty of water. 
B) Consume some caffeine. 
C) Drink a fruit smoothie. 
D) Consume 20 grams of high-quality protein. 
E) Take a nap.

Question 10

Proteins _____.

Accepted Answer

A) are only found in animal products 
B) cushion vital organs 
C) are critical for nerve function 
D) function as an insulator to preserve body heat 
E) are a major component of hormones 
A) are only found in animal products 
B) cushion vital organs 
C) are critical for nerve function 
D) function as an insulator to preserve body heat 
E) are a major component of hormones

Question 11

High-protein diets are often accompanied by high _____ intake.​

Accepted Answer

A) ​​carbohydrate 
B) added sugar 
C) fat 
D) fiber 
E) ​alcohol 
A) ​​carbohydrate 
B) added sugar 
C) fat 
D) fiber 
E) ​alcohol

Question 12

Diets that provide too little protein are mostly likely deficient in _____.

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin B12 
B) vitamin D 
C) calcium 
D) sodium 
E) potassium 
A) vitamin B12 
B) vitamin D 
C) calcium 
D) sodium 
E) potassium

Question 13

The National Academy of Sciences has concluded that the risk of the development of weak bones,kidney stones,cancer,heart disease,and obesity does not appear to be increased among individuals consuming _____% of total calories from protein.

Accepted Answer

A) 5-15 
B) 10-20 
C) 10-35 
D) 20-40 
E) 30-45 
A) 5-15 
B) 10-20 
C) 10-35 
D) 20-40 
E) 30-45

Question 14

Match each term with the appropriate definition.
-​complete proteins

Accepted Answer

A) difference between nitrogen intake and excretion 
B) blood proteins such as antibodies that play a role in the immune system 
C) genetic material contained in cells that directs the production of proteins in the body 
D) amino acids that cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by humans 
E) amino acids that can be readily be produced by humans from components of the diet
F)end product of protein decomposition and chief component of urine
G)proteins that are deficient in one or more essential amino acids
H)form of severe protein-energy malnutrition in young children
I)substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another
J)proteins that contain all of the essential amino acids in amounts needed to support growth and tissue maintenance
K)chemical substance in foods made up of chains of amino acids 
A) difference between nitrogen intake and excretion 
B) blood proteins such as antibodies that play a role in the immune system 
C) genetic material contained in cells that directs the production of proteins in the body 
D) amino acids that cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by humans 
E) amino acids that can be readily be produced by humans from components of the diet
F)end product of protein decomposition and chief component of urine
G)proteins that are deficient in one or more essential amino acids
H)form of severe protein-energy malnutrition in young children
I)substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another
J)proteins that contain all of the essential amino acids in amounts needed to support growth and tissue maintenance
K)chemical substance in foods made up of chains of amino acids

Question 15

Match each term with the appropriate definition.
-​nonessential amino acids

Accepted Answer

A) difference between nitrogen intake and excretion 
B) blood proteins such as antibodies that play a role in the immune system 
C) genetic material contained in cells that directs the production of proteins in the body 
D) amino acids that cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by humans 
E) amino acids that can be readily be produced by humans from components of the diet
F)end product of protein decomposition and chief component of urine
G)proteins that are deficient in one or more essential amino acids
H)form of severe protein-energy malnutrition in young children
I)substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another
J)proteins that contain all of the essential amino acids in amounts needed to support growth and tissue maintenance
K)chemical substance in foods made up of chains of amino acids 
A) difference between nitrogen intake and excretion 
B) blood proteins such as antibodies that play a role in the immune system 
C) genetic material contained in cells that directs the production of proteins in the body 
D) amino acids that cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by humans 
E) amino acids that can be readily be produced by humans from components of the diet
F)end product of protein decomposition and chief component of urine
G)proteins that are deficient in one or more essential amino acids
H)form of severe protein-energy malnutrition in young children
I)substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another
J)proteins that contain all of the essential amino acids in amounts needed to support growth and tissue maintenance
K)chemical substance in foods made up of chains of amino acids

Question 16

During starvation,to meet the need for energy,the body will extract protein from the liver,intestines,heart,muscles,and other organs and tissues.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Match each term with the appropriate definition.
-​hormone

Accepted Answer

A) difference between nitrogen intake and excretion 
B) blood proteins such as antibodies that play a role in the immune system 
C) genetic material contained in cells that directs the production of proteins in the body 
D) amino acids that cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by humans 
E) amino acids that can be readily be produced by humans from components of the diet
F)end product of protein decomposition and chief component of urine
G)proteins that are deficient in one or more essential amino acids
H)form of severe protein-energy malnutrition in young children
I)substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another
J)proteins that contain all of the essential amino acids in amounts needed to support growth and tissue maintenance
K)chemical substance in foods made up of chains of amino acids 
A) difference between nitrogen intake and excretion 
B) blood proteins such as antibodies that play a role in the immune system 
C) genetic material contained in cells that directs the production of proteins in the body 
D) amino acids that cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by humans 
E) amino acids that can be readily be produced by humans from components of the diet
F)end product of protein decomposition and chief component of urine
G)proteins that are deficient in one or more essential amino acids
H)form of severe protein-energy malnutrition in young children
I)substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another
J)proteins that contain all of the essential amino acids in amounts needed to support growth and tissue maintenance
K)chemical substance in foods made up of chains of amino acids

Question 18

Which food has the highest protein content (percentage of total calories)?

Accepted Answer

A) tuna (3 oz) 
B) cottage cheese (½ cup) 
C) skim milk (1 cup) 
D) tofu (½ cup) 
E) leg of lamb (3 oz) 
A) tuna (3 oz) 
B) cottage cheese (½ cup) 
C) skim milk (1 cup) 
D) tofu (½ cup) 
E) leg of lamb (3 oz)

Question 19

​Kwashiorkor is only due to a lack of protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Positive nitrogen balance occurs during growth,pregnancy,_____,and recovery from illness or injury.

Accepted Answer

A) fasting 
B) breastfeeding 
C) undernutrition 
D) burns 
E) fever 
A) fasting 
B) breastfeeding 
C) undernutrition 
D) burns 
E) fever

Exam 15: Proteins and Amino Acids

Essential amino acids _____.

​To obtain maximum muscle strength,one should take amino acid supplements daily.

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -​immunoproteins

​Consumption of 45% of total calories from protein is considered safe for athletes.

Which amino acid is essential?

Describe three functions of protein in the human body.​

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -​DNA

​Tyrosine is an essential amino acid.

Proteins _____.

High-protein diets are often accompanied by high _____ intake.​

Diets that provide too little protein are mostly likely deficient in _____.

The National Academy of Sciences has concluded that the risk of the development of weak bones,kidney stones,cancer,heart disease,and obesity does not appear to be increased among individuals consuming _____% of total calories from protein.

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -​complete proteins

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -​nonessential amino acids

During starvation,to meet the need for energy,the body will extract protein from the liver,intestines,heart,muscles,and other organs and tissues.

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -​hormone

Which food has the highest protein content (percentage of total calories)?

​Kwashiorkor is only due to a lack of protein.

Positive nitrogen balance occurs during growth,pregnancy,_____,and recovery from illness or injury.

Key Nutrition Concepts and Terms

The Inside Story about Nutrition and Health

Ways of Knowing about Nutrition

Understanding Food and Nutrition Labels

Nutrition, Attitudes, and Behavior

Healthy Diets: the Dietary Guidelines: MyPlate: and More

How the Body Uses Food: Digestion and Absorption

Calories: Food: Energy: and Energy Balance

Obesity to Underweight: The Highs and Lows of Weight Status

Weight Control: The Myths and Realities

Disordered Eating:Anorexia Nervosa: Bulimia: and Pica

Useful Facts about Sugars: Starches: and Fiber

Diabetes Now

Alcohol: The Positives and Negatives

Vegetarian Diets

Food Allergies and Intolerances

Fats and Cholesterol in Health

Nutrition and Heart Disease

Vitamins and Your Health

Phytochemicals

Diet and Cancer

Good Things to Know About Minerals

Dietary Supplements and Functional Foods

Water Is an Essential Nutrient

Nutrition:Gene Interactions in Health and Disease

Nutrition and Physical Fitness for Everyone

Nutrition and Physical Performance

Good Nutrition for Life: Pregnancy: Breastfeeding: and Intimacy

Nutriton for Growing Years: Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition and Health Maintenance for Adults of All Ages

The Multiple Dimensions of Food Safety

Aspects of Global Nutrition

Filters

To obtain maximum muscle strength,one should take amino acid supplements daily.

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -immunoproteins

Consumption of 45% of total calories from protein is considered safe for athletes.

Describe three functions of protein in the human body.

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -DNA

Tyrosine is an essential amino acid.

High-protein diets are often accompanied by high _____ intake.

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -complete proteins

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -nonessential amino acids

Match each term with the appropriate definition. -hormone

Kwashiorkor is only due to a lack of protein.