Exam 12: Punishment and Sentencing.

Which of the following determines whether a prisoner receives a reduction in sentence due to "good time" for good behavior?

Most states use lethal injection as the preferred method of execution.

Restorative justice programs in Vermont have increased the percentage of nonviolent offenders in the state's prisons.

Attitudes of judges factor into sentencing decisions.

Which of the following is true regarding presentence reports?​

Felony cases are processed and offenders are sentenced in courts of ________ jurisdiction.

Some countries use corporal punishment as a sanction in criminal cases.Do you think the United States should use a system of corporal punishment to control crime? What results might we see in such a system?

Under the ________approach,the amount and kind of punishment are calculated to discourage a criminal from repeating the offense.

In Kennedy v.Louisiana,the U.S.Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty cannot be applied to cases involving child rape.Did the court make the right decision?Why or why not?

Probation is the most utilized form of punishment in the United States.Is probation the most effective use of punishment for the law-abiding citizen regarding protection and cost effectiveness?

Give two examples of how budget cutbacks influence the use of mandatory sentencing and of good time.

Federal sentencing guidelines were adjusted in 2007 and 2008 to address a highly criticized source of racial disparities in prison sentences for offenders convicted of ________-related offenses.

____________________ occurs when an offender does not commit a crime for fear of receiving the punishment.

Jenna works for the Innocence Project. She is currently working on a case where her client states that she was wrongly convicted. Jenna has been reviewing the court transcripts and has determined that the prosecutor seems to have withheld information that was pertinent to the case. Jenna's client was given a 20-year sentence for murder. She has reduced that sentence by participating in programs and through her positive behavior while incarcerated. -Jenna's client has received a reduction in her sentence based upon her behavior while incarcerated.This is referred to as

Alex was recently found guilty of first-degree murder. Based upon state law, the judge was forced to use a system/guideline to determine the sentence that he was to receive. Alex was sentenced to 25 years in prison. He will spend his time in a prison approximately 25 miles from his home. Alex is thankful for this sentence because it was a death penalty case. -The judge in Alex's case most likely had to use ________to determine the sentence that must be rendered.

The U.S.Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty,as administered,constituted cruel and unusual punishment in the case of​

It is constitutional for states to execute persons under the age of 18.

When imposing a sentence,judges consider one goal only,such as retribution,incapacitation,rehabilitation,or deterrence.

According to the U.S.Supreme Court landmark cases involving the use of the death penalty,its use does not violate the Eighth Amendment of the U.S.Constitution (that is,it is not cruel and unusual punishment).Do you agree with this view? Explain why or why not.

Many exonerations are not based on DNA evidence but rather on the discovery that police and prosecutors had ignored or hidden __________.