Question 1

What structures along the visual stream exhibit retinotopic mapping? Why do we not expect to find retinotopic mapping in an area such as the FFA (fusiform face area)?

Accepted Answer

Retinotopic mapping occurs in the LGN, a

Question 2

In which situation would neurons in the superior colliculus respond with the MOST strength?

Accepted Answer

A)  seeing your phone light up with a new message 
B)  hearing your phone ring with a new message 
C)  feeling your phone vibrate with a new message 
D)  seeing, hearing, and feeling your phone signal a new message 
A)  seeing your phone light up with a new message 
B)  hearing your phone ring with a new message 
C)  feeling your phone vibrate with a new message 
D)  seeing, hearing, and feeling your phone signal a new message

Question 3

The ventral pathway receives signals from:

Accepted Answer

A)  midget RGCs and the parvocellular layer of the LGN. 
B)  parasol RGCs and the magnocellular layer of the LGN. 
C)  neurons in the parietal cortex. 
D)  midget RGCs, the magnocellular layer of the LGN, and neurons in the inferotemporal cortex. 
A)  midget RGCs and the parvocellular layer of the LGN. 
B)  parasol RGCs and the magnocellular layer of the LGN. 
C)  neurons in the parietal cortex. 
D)  midget RGCs, the magnocellular layer of the LGN, and neurons in the inferotemporal cortex.

Question 4

A simple cell in the primary visual cortex responds:

Accepted Answer

A)  best to a stimulus with a particular orientation in the location of its receptive field. 
B)  to similar types of stimuli that have highly overlapping receptive fields. 
C)  about equally well to a stimulus at almost any location within their receptive field. 
D)  to stimuli in exactly the same manner as a retinal ganglion cell. 
A)  best to a stimulus with a particular orientation in the location of its receptive field. 
B)  to similar types of stimuli that have highly overlapping receptive fields. 
C)  about equally well to a stimulus at almost any location within their receptive field. 
D)  to stimuli in exactly the same manner as a retinal ganglion cell.

Question 5

Ocular dominance columns alternate systematically between left-eye and right-eye dominance, orientation columns vary systematically across the full range of preferred orientations. This was shown by experiments in which an electrode was advanced _____ through the visual cortex.

Accepted Answer

A)  perpendicularly 
B)  contralaterally 
C)  obliquely 
D)  horizontally 
A)  perpendicularly 
B)  contralaterally 
C)  obliquely 
D)  horizontally

Question 6

First, explain the concept of cortical magnification in terms of the receptive fields of RGCs.
Next, discuss the concept of cortical magnification from the point of view of your everyday visual experience.

Accepted Answer

Receptive fields of RGCs that are closer

Question 7

Cortical columns consisting of neurons with the same or very similar orientation tuning are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  ocular dominance columns. 
B)  orientation columns. 
C)  the superior colliculus. 
D)  the lateral occipital cortex. 
A)  ocular dominance columns. 
B)  orientation columns. 
C)  the superior colliculus. 
D)  the lateral occipital cortex.

Question 8

A visual pathway that runs from V1 and V2 into MT and then to the parietal cortex is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  dorsal pathway. 
B)  ventral pathway. 
C)  inferotemporal cortex. 
D)  cortical magnification. 
A)  dorsal pathway. 
B)  ventral pathway. 
C)  inferotemporal cortex. 
D)  cortical magnification.

Question 9

The visual properties associated with the parvocellular layers are:

Accepted Answer

A)  dynamic. 
B)  static. 
C)  textural. 
D)  formal. 
A)  dynamic. 
B)  static. 
C)  textural. 
D)  formal.

Question 10

In the context of Milner and Goodale's patient, D. F. in the text, and the patients who suffer from optic ataxia, relate their respective impairments and abilities to recognize and perceive objects. What conclusions can be drawn about the visual processing streams based on these experiments?

Accepted Answer

Milner and Goodale's patient, D. F. was

Question 11

Area V1 of the cerebral cortex:

Accepted Answer

A)  has four layers of cells. 
B)  has cortical columns running vertically through the layers. 
C)  can respond to any visual stimulus regardless of shape or color. 
D)  is located on the ventral surface of the cortex. 
A)  has four layers of cells. 
B)  has cortical columns running vertically through the layers. 
C)  can respond to any visual stimulus regardless of shape or color. 
D)  is located on the ventral surface of the cortex.

Question 12

Patients suffering from optic ataxia:

Accepted Answer

A)  can accurately reach for and grasp objects. 
B)  cannot perceive colors, despite having a normal array of cones in the retina. 
C)  have suffered damage to their inferotemporal cortices. 
D)  can easily identify the objects that they see. 
A)  can accurately reach for and grasp objects. 
B)  cannot perceive colors, despite having a normal array of cones in the retina. 
C)  have suffered damage to their inferotemporal cortices. 
D)  can easily identify the objects that they see.

Question 13

Contralaterality of vision is based on the field of vision and not on the eye of signal origin. Explain the statement.

Accepted Answer

Each eye processes visual information fr

Question 14

Which retinal ganglion cells send signals to the parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)  parasol 
B)  midget 
C)  bistratified 
D)  inferotemporal cortex 
A)  parasol 
B)  midget 
C)  bistratified 
D)  inferotemporal cortex

Question 15

Research investigating the functions of the anterior intraparietal (AIP) area indicates that the AIP is involved in:

Accepted Answer

A)  reaching only. 
B)  grasping only. 
C)  touching only. 
D)  both reaching and touching. 
A)  reaching only. 
B)  grasping only. 
C)  touching only. 
D)  both reaching and touching.

Question 16

Ungerleider and Mishkin's (1982) study of the ventral and dorsal pathways in the brains of monkeys demonstrated that lesions of the _____ cortex led to poor performance on _____ task(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  parietal; the landmark 
B)  inferotemporal; the landmark 
C)  parietal; the object 
D)  parietal; both the landmark and object 
A)  parietal; the landmark 
B)  inferotemporal; the landmark 
C)  parietal; the object 
D)  parietal; both the landmark and object

Question 17

The expertise of different neural pathways and different areas of the brain for representing different kinds of information refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  retinotopic mapping. 
B)  contralateral organization. 
C)  functional specialization. 
D)  multisensory integration. 
A)  retinotopic mapping. 
B)  contralateral organization. 
C)  functional specialization. 
D)  multisensory integration.

Question 18

Describe the differences between simple, complex, and end-stopped cells.

Accepted Answer

Simple cells respond only to the orienta

Question 19

Which statement is TRUE regarding the differences between simple cells and complex cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Simple cells respond to either light or dark bars but not both, whereas complex cells respond to both light and dark bars. 
B)  Simple cells respond to both light and dark bars, whereas complex cells respond to either light or dark bars but not both. 
C)  Simple cells receive signals from different sensory systems, whereas complex cells receive signals from a specific visual pathway. 
D)  Simple cells have preferred orientations, whereas complex cells do not have preferred orientations. 
A)  Simple cells respond to either light or dark bars but not both, whereas complex cells respond to both light and dark bars. 
B)  Simple cells respond to both light and dark bars, whereas complex cells respond to either light or dark bars but not both. 
C)  Simple cells receive signals from different sensory systems, whereas complex cells receive signals from a specific visual pathway. 
D)  Simple cells have preferred orientations, whereas complex cells do not have preferred orientations.

Question 20

Research by Schiller and Logothetis (1990) showed that lesions in the magnocellular layers of monkeys led to significant impairment of the perception of:

Accepted Answer

A)  pattern. 
B)  shape. 
C)  color. 
D)  motion. 
A)  pattern. 
B)  shape. 
C)  color. 
D)  motion.

What structures along the visual stream exhibit retinotopic mapping? Why do we not expect to find retinotopic mapping in an area such as the FFA (fusiform face area)?

In which situation would neurons in the superior colliculus respond with the MOST strength?

The ventral pathway receives signals from:

A simple cell in the primary visual cortex responds:

Ocular dominance columns alternate systematically between left-eye and right-eye dominance, orientation columns vary systematically across the full range of preferred orientations. This was shown by experiments in which an electrode was advanced _____ through the visual cortex.

First, explain the concept of cortical magnification in terms of the receptive fields of RGCs. Next, discuss the concept of cortical magnification from the point of view of your everyday visual experience.

Cortical columns consisting of neurons with the same or very similar orientation tuning are called:

A visual pathway that runs from V1 and V2 into MT and then to the parietal cortex is called:

The visual properties associated with the parvocellular layers are:

In the context of Milner and Goodale's patient, D. F. in the text, and the patients who suffer from optic ataxia, relate their respective impairments and abilities to recognize and perceive objects. What conclusions can be drawn about the visual processing streams based on these experiments?

Area V1 of the cerebral cortex:

Patients suffering from optic ataxia:

Contralaterality of vision is based on the field of vision and not on the eye of signal origin. Explain the statement.

Which retinal ganglion cells send signals to the parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus?

Research investigating the functions of the anterior intraparietal (AIP) area indicates that the AIP is involved in:

Ungerleider and Mishkin's (1982) study of the ventral and dorsal pathways in the brains of monkeys demonstrated that lesions of the _ cortex led to poor performance on _ task(s).

The expertise of different neural pathways and different areas of the brain for representing different kinds of information refers to:

Describe the differences between simple, complex, and end-stopped cells.

Which statement is TRUE regarding the differences between simple cells and complex cells?

Research by Schiller and Logothetis (1990) showed that lesions in the magnocellular layers of monkeys led to significant impairment of the perception of:

Foundations

Light and the Eyes

Recognizing Visual Objects

Perceiving Color

Perceiving Depth

Perceiving Motion

Perception for Action

Attention and Awareness

Sound and the Ears

The Auditory Brain and Perceiving Auditory Scenes

Perceiving Speech and Music

The Body Senses

Olfaction: Perceiving Odors

Gustation: Perceiving Tastes and Flavors

Filters

Exam 3: The Visual Brain

What structures along the visual stream exhibit retinotopic mapping? Why do we not expect to find retinotopic mapping in an area such as the FFA (fusiform face area)?

In which situation would neurons in the superior colliculus respond with the MOST strength?

The ventral pathway receives signals from:

A simple cell in the primary visual cortex responds:

Ocular dominance columns alternate systematically between left-eye and right-eye dominance, orientation columns vary systematically across the full range of preferred orientations. This was shown by experiments in which an electrode was advanced _____ through the visual cortex.

First, explain the concept of cortical magnification in terms of the receptive fields of RGCs. Next, discuss the concept of cortical magnification from the point of view of your everyday visual experience.

Cortical columns consisting of neurons with the same or very similar orientation tuning are called:

A visual pathway that runs from V1 and V2 into MT and then to the parietal cortex is called:

The visual properties associated with the parvocellular layers are:

In the context of Milner and Goodale's patient, D. F. in the text, and the patients who suffer from optic ataxia, relate their respective impairments and abilities to recognize and perceive objects. What conclusions can be drawn about the visual processing streams based on these experiments?

Area V1 of the cerebral cortex:

Patients suffering from optic ataxia:

Contralaterality of vision is based on the field of vision and not on the eye of signal origin. Explain the statement.

Which retinal ganglion cells send signals to the parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus?

Research investigating the functions of the anterior intraparietal (AIP) area indicates that the AIP is involved in:

Ungerleider and Mishkin's (1982) study of the ventral and dorsal pathways in the brains of monkeys demonstrated that lesions of the _____ cortex led to poor performance on _____ task(s).

The expertise of different neural pathways and different areas of the brain for representing different kinds of information refers to:

Describe the differences between simple, complex, and end-stopped cells.

Which statement is TRUE regarding the differences between simple cells and complex cells?

Research by Schiller and Logothetis (1990) showed that lesions in the magnocellular layers of monkeys led to significant impairment of the perception of:

Foundations

Light and the Eyes

Recognizing Visual Objects

Perceiving Color

Perceiving Depth

Perceiving Motion

Perception for Action

Attention and Awareness

Sound and the Ears

The Auditory Brain and Perceiving Auditory Scenes

Perceiving Speech and Music

The Body Senses

Olfaction: Perceiving Odors

Gustation: Perceiving Tastes and Flavors

Filters

Ungerleider and Mishkin's (1982) study of the ventral and dorsal pathways in the brains of monkeys demonstrated that lesions of the _ cortex led to poor performance on _ task(s).