Exam 13: Temperature and Kinetic Theory

A steel pipe 36.0 m long, installed when the temperature was $15 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C } ,$ is used to transport superheated steam at a temperature of $155 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }$ Steel's coefficient of Iinear expansion is $1.2 \times 10 ^ { - 5 } K ^{- 1}$ The pipe is allowed to expand freely when the steam is transported. What is the increase in the length of the pipe when it is used with the superheated steam?

The coefficient of linear expansion of copper is $17 \times 10 ^ { - 6 } K - 1$ A sheet of copper has a round hole with a radius of 3.0 m cut out of it. If the sheet is heated and undergoes a change in temperature of 80 K, what is the change in the radius of the hole?

As shown in the figure, a bimetallic strip, consisting of metal G on the top and metal H on the bottom, is rigidly attached to a wall at the left. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion for metal G is greater than that of metal H. If the strip is uniformly heated, it will

For the mercury in a thermometer to expand from $4.00 \mathrm {~cm} ^ { 3 } \text { to } 4.10 \mathrm {~cm} ^ { 3 }$ what change in temperature is necessary? The mercury has a volume expansion coefficient of $1.80 \times 10 ^ { - 4 } K ^ { - 1 }$

The coefficient of linear expansion for aluminum is $1.8 \times 10 ^ { - 6 } \mathrm {~K} - 1$ What is its coefficient of volume expansion?

A temperature change of $20 \mathrm { C } ^ { \circ }$ corresponds to a Fahrenheit temperature change of

At what, if any, temperature are the numerical readings on the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales the same?

The temperature changes from $35 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { F }$ during the night to $75 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { F }$ during the day. What is the temperature change on the Celsius scale?

What is the total translational kinetic energy of the gas in a classroom filled with nitrogen at $1.01 \times 10 ^ { 5 } \mathrm {~Pa} \text { at } 20.7 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C } \text { ? }$ The dimensions of the classroom are $4.60 \mathrm {~m} \times 5.20 \mathrm {~m} \times 8.80 \mathrm {~m}$ The Boltzmann constant is $1.3806503 \times 10 ^ { - 23 } \mathrm {~J} / \mathrm { K } , R = 8.31 \mathrm {~J} / \mathrm { mol } \cdot \mathrm { K } , \text { and } N _ { \mathrm { A } } = 6.022 \times$ $10 ^ { 23 }$ molecules/mol.

Oxygen molecules are 16 times more massive than hydrogen molecules. At a given temperature, how do their average molecular speeds compare? The oxygen molecules are moving

Consider two equal-volume flasks of gas at the same temperature and pressure. One gas, oxygen, has a molecular mass of 32 . The other gas, nitrogen, has a molecular mass of 28 . What is the ratio of the number of oxygen molecules to the number of nitrogen molecules in these flasks?

The molecular weight of nitrogen, $\mathrm { N } _ { 2 }$ is 28 g/mol. What is the rms speed of nitrogen molecules in a cooler at $8.0 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C } ?$ The Boltzmann constant is $1.38 \times 10 ^ { - 23 } \mathrm {~J} / \mathrm { K } \text { and } N _ { \mathrm { A } } = 6.022 \times 10 ^ { 23 }$ molecules/mol.

A sealed container holds 0.020 moles of ideal nitrogen $\left( \mathrm { N } _ { 2 } \right)$ gas, at a pressure of 1.5 atm and a temperature of 290 K. The atomic mass of nitrogen is 14.0 g/mol. What is the average translational kinetic energy of a nitrogen molecule? The Boltzmann constant is $1.38 \times 10 ^ { - 23 } \mathrm {~J} / \mathrm { K }$

A solid object has a volume density $\rho O$ at a temperature of 315K. The coefficient of volume expansion for the material of which it is made is $7.00 \times 10 ^ { - 5 } K ^ { - 1 }$ What will be its density (in terms of $\rho 0$ at a temperature of 425 K, assuming that it does not melt and that its thermal properties do not change with temperature?

A flask contains a mixture of argon and neon gases at a stabilized temperature. The root-mean-square speed of the argon gas is determined to be 1.21 km/s. What is the root-mean-square speed of the neon gas? The atomic mass of argon is 39.95 g/mol, and that of neon is 20.18 g/mol.

A certain automobile tire has a volume of $0.0185 \mathrm {~m} ^ { 3 }$ If the absolute (or total) pressure in the tire is 500 kPa and the temperature is 298 K, how many molecules are there inside the tire? $( R = 8.31$ $\left. \mathrm { J } / \mathrm { mol } \cdot \mathrm { K } , N _ { \mathrm { A } } = 6.022 \times 10 ^ { 23 } \mathrm { molecules } / \mathrm { mol } \right)$

A quantity of an ideal gas is kept in a rigid container of constant volume. If the gas is originally at a temperature of $19 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }$ at what temperature will the pressure of the gas double from its original value?

The absolute temperature of a gas is T. In order to double the rms speed of its molecules, what should be the new absolute temperature?

Which two temperature changes are equivalent?

A 4.2-L flask of ideal neon gas (which is monatomic) is at a pressure of 3.3 atm and a temperature of 450 K. The atomic mass of neon is 20.2 g/mol. How many neon atoms are in the flask? $( R = 8.31$ $\left. \mathrm { J } / \mathrm { mol } \cdot \mathrm { K } , 1 \mathrm {~atm} = 101 \mathrm { kPa } , N _ { \mathrm { A } } = 6.022 \times 10 ^ { 23 } \mathrm { molecules } / \mathrm { mol } \right)$