Question 1

Why do social scientists conduct literature reviews? How does an exhaustive literature review benefit one's research project?

Accepted Answer

Social scientists conduct literature reviews for several reasons. Firstly, it allows them to gain a comprehensive understanding of the existing research and knowledge on a particular topic. This helps them to identify gaps in the current literature and to formulate research questions that are both relevant and significant. Additionally, literature reviews help researchers to situate their own work within the broader context of existing scholarship, which is essential for establishing the importance and originality of their research.

An exhaustive literature review benefits one's research project in several ways. Firstly, it helps to ensure that the research is not duplicative and that the proposed study is truly adding new knowledge to the field. By thoroughly reviewing the existing literature, researchers can also identify potential methodological and theoretical frameworks that can inform their own study design and analysis. This can lead to more rigorous and well-informed research projects. Furthermore, an exhaustive literature review can also help researchers to identify potential collaborators or experts in the field who can provide valuable insights and feedback on their work.

Overall, conducting a thorough literature review is an essential step in the research process for social scientists, as it not only informs the development of research questions and methodologies, but also ensures that the research is situated within the broader context of existing scholarship. This ultimately leads to more rigorous, relevant, and impactful research projects.

Question 2

Use the following citation to answer the following questions.
Hammond, Michael. 2003. "The Enhancement Imperative: The Evolutionary Neurophysiology of Durkheimian Solidarity." Sociological Theory 21: 359-397.
-Who is the author of this research publication?

Accepted Answer

A)  Michale Hammond 
B)  Emile Durkheim 
C)  W. Lawrence Neuman 
D)  Chris F. Biga 
A)  Michale Hammond 
B)  Emile Durkheim 
C)  W. Lawrence Neuman 
D)  Chris F. Biga A

Question 3

The original source for the principles of codes of ethics for research on human subjects was developed out of

Accepted Answer

A)  the Amnesty International Code of 1975. 
B)  the Nuremberg Trial of Nazi war crimes in 1946-47. 
C)  the League of Nations Charter of 1919. 
D)  the 1964 Civil Rights Act. 
A)  the Amnesty International Code of 1975. 
B)  the Nuremberg Trial of Nazi war crimes in 1946-47. 
C)  the League of Nations Charter of 1919. 
D)  the 1964 Civil Rights Act. B

Question 4

When social scientists conduct interviews, it is required by the ethics of the field that the social scientist receives "informed consent." What is "informed consent"?

Accepted Answer

A)  when funding agencies give the "go ahead" to begin the research that is being funded 
B)  getting permission from other researchers to use non-random sampling 
C)  getting permission to conduct the interview after having given the respondent some information about research/interview 
D)  getting permission to talk to respondents about their sexual behaviors 
A)  when funding agencies give the "go ahead" to begin the research that is being funded 
B)  getting permission from other researchers to use non-random sampling 
C)  getting permission to conduct the interview after having given the respondent some information about research/interview 
D)  getting permission to talk to respondents about their sexual behaviors

Question 5

Milgram's obedience study, Zimbardo's prison experiment, and Humphrey's tearoom trade study are examples of research that had ethical consequences. Describe the basic principle of ethical research they illustrated.

Accepted Answer

The basic principle of ethical research

Question 6

Describe the difference between anonymity and confidentiality.

Accepted Answer

Anonymity and confidentiality are both i

Question 7

Often social scientists are employed outside of the academic or university setting. When working for a sponsor that has a keen interest in your research findings, which of the following scenarios is considered ethical?

Accepted Answer

A)  An environmental sociologist agrees to include questionaire items on a survey that will shed a "positive" light on an environmental organization in exchange for access to study the members of the organization. 
B)  A social scientist working for a local school district does NOT report findings that show a decrease in student language comprehension after the school district implements a new language comprehension program. 
C)  A medical sociologist working for a drug company refuses to conduct a satisfaction study on patients taking a experimental drug selected by the drug company. 
D)  A community sociologist hired by a large corporation agrees NOT to publish an article that shows the corporation has had a negative impact on the local economy. 
A)  An environmental sociologist agrees to include questionaire items on a survey that will shed a "positive" light on an environmental organization in exchange for access to study the members of the organization. 
B)  A social scientist working for a local school district does NOT report findings that show a decrease in student language comprehension after the school district implements a new language comprehension program. 
C)  A medical sociologist working for a drug company refuses to conduct a satisfaction study on patients taking a experimental drug selected by the drug company. 
D)  A community sociologist hired by a large corporation agrees NOT to publish an article that shows the corporation has had a negative impact on the local economy.

Question 8

The principle of voluntary consent in social research means that

Accepted Answer

A)  researchers, when possible, must notify subjects that their participation is voluntary and that they can refuse to participate without penalty. 
B)  a researcher uses deception in order to study a social phenomenon. 
C)  researchers need to get permission from respondents to conduct an interview with a member of the opposite sex. 
D)  researchers studying public settings malls, stores, street corners, etc.) do not need to notify subjects that they are being studied, because there is no expectation of privacy in public settings. 
A)  researchers, when possible, must notify subjects that their participation is voluntary and that they can refuse to participate without penalty. 
B)  a researcher uses deception in order to study a social phenomenon. 
C)  researchers need to get permission from respondents to conduct an interview with a member of the opposite sex. 
D)  researchers studying public settings malls, stores, street corners, etc.) do not need to notify subjects that they are being studied, because there is no expectation of privacy in public settings.

Question 9

Which of the following ethical issues was NOT raised by the famous "Tearoom Trade" study by Laud Humphries on homosexuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  protecting the privacy of respondents and confidentiality of data 
B)  protecting the research subjects from legal jeopardy 
C)  covert observation without informed consent 
D)  all of the above were involved 
A)  protecting the privacy of respondents and confidentiality of data 
B)  protecting the research subjects from legal jeopardy 
C)  covert observation without informed consent 
D)  all of the above were involved

Question 10

Describe the strengths and weaknesses of using the Internet in the literature review process.

Accepted Answer

Strengths of using the Internet in the l

Question 11

How do power relations, deception, and coercion participate in research conflict with the principle of voluntary consent?

Accepted Answer

Power relations, deception, and coercion

Question 12

What is informed consent? Why was it developed? How does it protect research subjects?

Accepted Answer

Informed consent is a process in which a

Question 13

A researcher asks a group of teenagers who had previously been convicted of shoplifting to shoplift from a drugstore so he can observe the social dynamics of these skilled thieves. This researcher may be violating the ethical principle, which states

Accepted Answer

A)  do not place subjects in legal jeopardy. 
B)  do not create new inequalities. 
C)  avoid causing psychological abuse or stress. 
D)  do not cause physical harm. 
A)  do not place subjects in legal jeopardy. 
B)  do not create new inequalities. 
C)  avoid causing psychological abuse or stress. 
D)  do not cause physical harm.

Question 14

A great deal of learning about ethics is based on "famous cases." Which of the following was a "famous case" in which poor black men were not treated but allowed to become disabled and permanently harmed in a Public Health Service study administered by the U.S. federal government?

Accepted Answer

A)  Milgram Obedience Experiment 
B)  Bad Blood 
C)  Tearoom Trade 
D)  Jury Study 
A)  Milgram Obedience Experiment 
B)  Bad Blood 
C)  Tearoom Trade 
D)  Jury Study

Question 15

The primary thing that keeps most social scientific research within ethical-moral boundaries is

Accepted Answer

A)  a researcher's personal moral code and the norms of the scientific community. 
B)  the strict laws and regulations outlined by the federal government. 
C)  fear of lawsuits against researchers by subjects. 
D)  the ethics enforcement committee that strictly monitors the research of social scientists. 
A)  a researcher's personal moral code and the norms of the scientific community. 
B)  the strict laws and regulations outlined by the federal government. 
C)  fear of lawsuits against researchers by subjects. 
D)  the ethics enforcement committee that strictly monitors the research of social scientists.

Question 16

Compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of peer-reviewed scholarly journals, academic books, and newspapers.

Accepted Answer

Peer-reviewed scholarly journals, academ

Question 17

Use the following citation to answer the following questions.
Hammond, Michael. 2003. "The Enhancement Imperative: The Evolutionary Neurophysiology of Durkheimian Solidarity." Sociological Theory 21: 359-397.
-What year was this article published?

Accepted Answer

A)  2005 
B)  1997 
C)  2003 
D)  1359 
A)  2005 
B)  1997 
C)  2003 
D)  1359

Question 18

Use the following citation to answer the following questions.
Hammond, Michael. 2003. "The Enhancement Imperative: The Evolutionary Neurophysiology of Durkheimian Solidarity." Sociological Theory 21: 359-397.
-The use of the Internet has become a valuable tool in conducting literature reviews, but should NOT be considered a replacement to traditional library research. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  What are you talking about, the Internet has completely replaced traditional library research with no ill consequences. 
B)  There is no quality control over what gets on the Internet. 
C)  The Internet has had a "democratizing" effect, which has harmed elite status of sociologists. 
D)  While all important information is posted on the Web, secondary research is often not posted. 
A)  What are you talking about, the Internet has completely replaced traditional library research with no ill consequences. 
B)  There is no quality control over what gets on the Internet. 
C)  The Internet has had a "democratizing" effect, which has harmed elite status of sociologists. 
D)  While all important information is posted on the Web, secondary research is often not posted.

Question 19

How might a sponsor attempt to illegitimately influence a researcher? What can the researcher do about it?

Accepted Answer

A sponsor might attempt to illegitimatel

Question 20

Use the following citation to answer the following questions.
Hammond, Michael. 2003. "The Enhancement Imperative: The Evolutionary Neurophysiology of Durkheimian Solidarity." Sociological Theory 21: 359-397.
-What volume is this article published in?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  2003 
C)  21 
D)  359 
A)  4 
B)  2003 
C)  21 
D)  359

Why do social scientists conduct literature reviews? How does an exhaustive literature review benefit one's research project?

Use the following citation to answer the following questions. Hammond, Michael. 2003. "The Enhancement Imperative: The Evolutionary Neurophysiology of Durkheimian Solidarity." Sociological Theory 21: 359-397. -Who is the author of this research publication?

The original source for the principles of codes of ethics for research on human subjects was developed out of

When social scientists conduct interviews, it is required by the ethics of the field that the social scientist receives "informed consent." What is "informed consent"?

Milgram's obedience study, Zimbardo's prison experiment, and Humphrey's tearoom trade study are examples of research that had ethical consequences. Describe the basic principle of ethical research they illustrated.

Describe the difference between anonymity and confidentiality.

Often social scientists are employed outside of the academic or university setting. When working for a sponsor that has a keen interest in your research findings, which of the following scenarios is considered ethical?

The principle of voluntary consent in social research means that

Which of the following ethical issues was NOT raised by the famous "Tearoom Trade" study by Laud Humphries on homosexuals?

Describe the strengths and weaknesses of using the Internet in the literature review process.

How do power relations, deception, and coercion participate in research conflict with the principle of voluntary consent?

What is informed consent? Why was it developed? How does it protect research subjects?

A researcher asks a group of teenagers who had previously been convicted of shoplifting to shoplift from a drugstore so he can observe the social dynamics of these skilled thieves. This researcher may be violating the ethical principle, which states

A great deal of learning about ethics is based on "famous cases." Which of the following was a "famous case" in which poor black men were not treated but allowed to become disabled and permanently harmed in a Public Health Service study administered by the U.S. federal government?

The primary thing that keeps most social scientific research within ethical-moral boundaries is

Compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of peer-reviewed scholarly journals, academic books, and newspapers.

Use the following citation to answer the following questions. Hammond, Michael. 2003. "The Enhancement Imperative: The Evolutionary Neurophysiology of Durkheimian Solidarity." Sociological Theory 21: 359-397. -What year was this article published?

How might a sponsor attempt to illegitimately influence a researcher? What can the researcher do about it?

Use the following citation to answer the following questions. Hammond, Michael. 2003. "The Enhancement Imperative: The Evolutionary Neurophysiology of Durkheimian Solidarity." Sociological Theory 21: 359-397. -What volume is this article published in?

Why Do Research

What Are the Major Types of Social Research

Theory and Research

The Meanings of Methodology

Strategies of Research Design

Qualitative and Quantitative Measurement

Qualitative and Quantitative Sampling

Experimental Research

Survey Research

Nonreactive Research and Secondary Analysis

Analysis of Quantitative Data

Field Research and Focus Group Research

Historical-Comparative Research

Analysis of Qualitative Data

Writing the Research Report and the Politics of Social Research

Filters

Exam 5: How to Review the Literature and Conduct Ethical Studies

Why do social scientists conduct literature reviews? How does an exhaustive literature review benefit one's research project?

Use the following citation to answer the following questions. Hammond, Michael. 2003. "The Enhancement Imperative: The Evolutionary Neurophysiology of Durkheimian Solidarity." Sociological Theory 21: 359-397. -Who is the author of this research publication?

The original source for the principles of codes of ethics for research on human subjects was developed out of

When social scientists conduct interviews, it is required by the ethics of the field that the social scientist receives "informed consent." What is "informed consent"?

Milgram's obedience study, Zimbardo's prison experiment, and Humphrey's tearoom trade study are examples of research that had ethical consequences. Describe the basic principle of ethical research they illustrated.

Describe the difference between anonymity and confidentiality.

Often social scientists are employed outside of the academic or university setting. When working for a sponsor that has a keen interest in your research findings, which of the following scenarios is considered ethical?

The principle of voluntary consent in social research means that

Which of the following ethical issues was NOT raised by the famous "Tearoom Trade" study by Laud Humphries on homosexuals?

Describe the strengths and weaknesses of using the Internet in the literature review process.

How do power relations, deception, and coercion participate in research conflict with the principle of voluntary consent?

What is informed consent? Why was it developed? How does it protect research subjects?

A researcher asks a group of teenagers who had previously been convicted of shoplifting to shoplift from a drugstore so he can observe the social dynamics of these skilled thieves. This researcher may be violating the ethical principle, which states

A great deal of learning about ethics is based on "famous cases." Which of the following was a "famous case" in which poor black men were not treated but allowed to become disabled and permanently harmed in a Public Health Service study administered by the U.S. federal government?

The primary thing that keeps most social scientific research within ethical-moral boundaries is

Compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of peer-reviewed scholarly journals, academic books, and newspapers.

Use the following citation to answer the following questions. Hammond, Michael. 2003. "The Enhancement Imperative: The Evolutionary Neurophysiology of Durkheimian Solidarity." Sociological Theory 21: 359-397. -What year was this article published?

How might a sponsor attempt to illegitimately influence a researcher? What can the researcher do about it?

Use the following citation to answer the following questions. Hammond, Michael. 2003. "The Enhancement Imperative: The Evolutionary Neurophysiology of Durkheimian Solidarity." Sociological Theory 21: 359-397. -What volume is this article published in?

Why Do Research

What Are the Major Types of Social Research

Theory and Research

The Meanings of Methodology

Strategies of Research Design

Qualitative and Quantitative Measurement

Qualitative and Quantitative Sampling

Experimental Research

Survey Research

Nonreactive Research and Secondary Analysis

Analysis of Quantitative Data

Field Research and Focus Group Research

Historical-Comparative Research

Analysis of Qualitative Data

Writing the Research Report and the Politics of Social Research

Filters