Exam 2: Introduction to Ethics

A negative right is a right that another person can guarantee by__________________ .

An early proponent of the social contract was

According to Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, an action is right or wrong) to the extent that it increases or decreases)___________________________ .

Ethics is

Utilitarianism does not mean "the greatest good of the greatest number" because

Which of the following is an argument in favor of ethical egoism?

We call utilitarianism a _________theory, because it focuses on the consequences of an action.

The study of ethics dates back to the time of _________, who faced an unjust death penalty rather than take advantage of an opportunity to flee into exile with his family.

Ethical objectivism is based on the idea that

A right that is guaranteed without exception is called

According to the second formulation of the Categorical Imperative,

According to Aristotle, moral virtue results from

Two philosophers closely associated with utilitarianism are

Ethics is focused on the_________ , moral choices people make.

An absolute right is a right that___________________________ .

The problem of moral luck is raised as a criticism of

The theory that each person should focus exclusively on his or her own self-interest is called __________________.

A positive right is a right that obligates others to __________________.

A relativist claims that

Modern writers often refer to moral virtues as