Question 1

Seismic tomography studies have revealed all of the following information about the Earth's interior EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  topography of the core- mantle boundary. 
B)  regions of higher or lower heat values in the mantle. 
C)  composition of the mantle rocks. 
D)  evidence that subducting plates may descend to the core- mantle boundary. 
A)  topography of the core- mantle boundary. 
B)  regions of higher or lower heat values in the mantle. 
C)  composition of the mantle rocks. 
D)  evidence that subducting plates may descend to the core- mantle boundary.

Question 2

What characteristics are necessary for a planet or a moon to generate a magnetic field?

Accepted Answer

Which bodies in our solar system are kno

Question 3

Which of the following descriptions of the behavior of seismic waves is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  When seismic waves approach the boundary between two media at a relatively small angle, they may bounce, or reflect, off the surface. 
B)  Changes in material, temperature, pressure, and physical state can all affect the speed of a seismic wave. 
C)  Within the Earth, seismic wave speed tends to increase with depth. 
D)  When seismic waves pass through the boundary between two media, the waves tend to change speed and bend, or refract, in several directions. 
A)  When seismic waves approach the boundary between two media at a relatively small angle, they may bounce, or reflect, off the surface. 
B)  Changes in material, temperature, pressure, and physical state can all affect the speed of a seismic wave. 
C)  Within the Earth, seismic wave speed tends to increase with depth. 
D)  When seismic waves pass through the boundary between two media, the waves tend to change speed and bend, or refract, in several directions.

Question 4

The sample of mantle rock collected directly from the rifted Hess Deep valley was composed of:

Accepted Answer

A)  granite. 
B)  gabbro. 
C)  peridotite. 
D)  basalt. 
A)  granite. 
B)  gabbro. 
C)  peridotite. 
D)  basalt.

Question 5

Seismic tomography studies detect warmer interior regions as indicated by which phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bending of seismic waves paths. 
B)  Lower seismic velocities. 
C)  Earlier seismic wave arrival times. 
D)  Higher seismic velocities. 
A)  Bending of seismic waves paths. 
B)  Lower seismic velocities. 
C)  Earlier seismic wave arrival times. 
D)  Higher seismic velocities.

Question 6

The principle of isostasy is used to describe:

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in polarity of the Earth's magnetic field. 
B)  changes in seismic wave velocities relative to the density of the media through which they travel. 
C)  the buoyancy of portions of the Earth's crust as they float on the asthenosphere. 
D)  changes in gravitational attraction dependent on latitude and altitude. 
A)  changes in polarity of the Earth's magnetic field. 
B)  changes in seismic wave velocities relative to the density of the media through which they travel. 
C)  the buoyancy of portions of the Earth's crust as they float on the asthenosphere. 
D)  changes in gravitational attraction dependent on latitude and altitude.

Question 7

Discuss the relationships among depth, pressure, temperature, and physical state in the Earth's interior.

Accepted Answer

The pressure at any point within the Ear

Question 8

The pull of gravity at the top of a mountain is:

Accepted Answer

A)  higher than at sea level because of the tremendous mass of the mountain. 
B)  higher than at sea level because of the thickness of the continental crust associated with mountains. 
C)  lower than at sea level because it is farther from the Earth's center. 
D)  lower than at sea level because the mass of the peak is less than the mass of the base of the mountain. 
A)  higher than at sea level because of the tremendous mass of the mountain. 
B)  higher than at sea level because of the thickness of the continental crust associated with mountains. 
C)  lower than at sea level because it is farther from the Earth's center. 
D)  lower than at sea level because the mass of the peak is less than the mass of the base of the mountain.

Question 9

Formation of the oceanic crust involves all of the following processes EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  deep- sea sedimentation. 
B)  intrusion of gabbro at divergent plate boundaries. 
C)  intrusion of granite at oceanic subduction zones. 
D)  effusive eruptions of basalt. 
A)  deep- sea sedimentation. 
B)  intrusion of gabbro at divergent plate boundaries. 
C)  intrusion of granite at oceanic subduction zones. 
D)  effusive eruptions of basalt.

Question 10

To generate a magnetic field, a planet must do all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  concentrate conductive material in its interior. 
B)  maintain an atmosphere capable of supporting electrical energy. 
C)  spin on its axis. 
D)  maintain a flowing liquid layer in the core. 
A)  concentrate conductive material in its interior. 
B)  maintain an atmosphere capable of supporting electrical energy. 
C)  spin on its axis. 
D)  maintain a flowing liquid layer in the core.

Question 11

How is gravity measured? What are gravity anomalies and what causes them?

Accepted Answer

A gravimeter measures variations in the

Question 12

All of the following have a magnetic field EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Mercury. 
B)  the Moon. 
C)  Saturn. 
D)  Jupiter. 
A)  Mercury. 
B)  the Moon. 
C)  Saturn. 
D)  Jupiter.

Question 13

To determine the melting temperature of a portion of the Earth's interior, a geologist needs to know the region's:

Accepted Answer

A)  pressure and velocity of P waves. 
B)  velocity of P waves and composition. 
C)  density and velocity of P waves. 
D)  composition and pressure. 
A)  pressure and velocity of P waves. 
B)  velocity of P waves and composition. 
C)  density and velocity of P waves. 
D)  composition and pressure.

Question 14

The principles of paleomagnetism can be used to determine any of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the ancient geographic arrangement of the Earth's landmasses. 
B)  the location of the Earth's magnetic poles during sediment deposition by an ancient river. 
C)  the location of the Earth's magnetic poles during an ancient volcanic eruption. 
D)  the alignment of the Earth's magnetic field during the formation of any region of the ocean floor. 
A)  the ancient geographic arrangement of the Earth's landmasses. 
B)  the location of the Earth's magnetic poles during sediment deposition by an ancient river. 
C)  the location of the Earth's magnetic poles during an ancient volcanic eruption. 
D)  the alignment of the Earth's magnetic field during the formation of any region of the ocean floor.

Question 15

The Mohorovišic´ discontinuity (the Moho) is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the boundary between sedimentary rocks on the Earth's surface and the deeper plutonic rocks. 
B)  the boundary between oceanic and continental crust. 
C)  the boundary between the crust and the mantle. 
D)  a region of low seismic velocity. 
A)  the boundary between sedimentary rocks on the Earth's surface and the deeper plutonic rocks. 
B)  the boundary between oceanic and continental crust. 
C)  the boundary between the crust and the mantle. 
D)  a region of low seismic velocity.

Question 16

Discuss how P- wave and S- wave shadow zones delineate the Earth's core.

Accepted Answer

P waves travel at a speed proportional t

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the Earth's core is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The entire core may once have been liquid. 
B)  The core may still be undergoing differentiation because of dissimilar densities of its components. 
C)  The core is slightly larger than the Moon. 
D)  Heat dominates the outer core, causing it to be molten, while pressure dominates the inner core, causing it to be solid. 
A)  The entire core may once have been liquid. 
B)  The core may still be undergoing differentiation because of dissimilar densities of its components. 
C)  The core is slightly larger than the Moon. 
D)  Heat dominates the outer core, causing it to be molten, while pressure dominates the inner core, causing it to be solid.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the continental crust is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Continental crust is least dense near the surface and most dense near the base. 
B)  The smooth increase in the speed of P wave toward the base of the crust indicates that the composition of the crust is homogeneous. 
C)  The average speed of P waves through continental crust is 6 kilometers per second near the surface and 7 kilometers near the base. 
D)  P waves travel faster near the base of continental crust than they do near the surface, possibly because of a pressure- induced increase in rigidity. 
A)  Continental crust is least dense near the surface and most dense near the base. 
B)  The smooth increase in the speed of P wave toward the base of the crust indicates that the composition of the crust is homogeneous. 
C)  The average speed of P waves through continental crust is 6 kilometers per second near the surface and 7 kilometers near the base. 
D)  P waves travel faster near the base of continental crust than they do near the surface, possibly because of a pressure- induced increase in rigidity.

Question 19

Knowing the exact depth of a point within the Earth's interior enables us to calculate:

Accepted Answer

A)  density. 
B)  composition. 
C)  pressure. 
D)  temperature. 
A)  density. 
B)  composition. 
C)  pressure. 
D)  temperature.

Question 20

Discuss how paleomagnetism can help geologists to reconstruct past geographic locations of the Earth's landmasses.

Accepted Answer

When an igneous rock forms and is still

Seismic tomography studies have revealed all of the following information about the Earth's interior EXCEPT:

What characteristics are necessary for a planet or a moon to generate a magnetic field?

Which of the following descriptions of the behavior of seismic waves is NOT correct?

The sample of mantle rock collected directly from the rifted Hess Deep valley was composed of:

Seismic tomography studies detect warmer interior regions as indicated by which phenomenon?

The principle of isostasy is used to describe:

Discuss the relationships among depth, pressure, temperature, and physical state in the Earth's interior.

The pull of gravity at the top of a mountain is:

Formation of the oceanic crust involves all of the following processes EXCEPT:

To generate a magnetic field, a planet must do all of the following EXCEPT:

How is gravity measured? What are gravity anomalies and what causes them?

All of the following have a magnetic field EXCEPT:

To determine the melting temperature of a portion of the Earth's interior, a geologist needs to know the region's:

The principles of paleomagnetism can be used to determine any of the following EXCEPT:

The Mohorovišic´ discontinuity (the Moho) is:

Discuss how P- wave and S- wave shadow zones delineate the Earth's core.

Which of the following statements about the Earth's core is NOT true?

Which of the following statements about the continental crust is NOT true?

Knowing the exact depth of a point within the Earth's interior enables us to calculate:

Discuss how paleomagnetism can help geologists to reconstruct past geographic locations of the Earth's landmasses.

A First Look at Planet Earth - Its Origins, Systems, and Tectonic Plates

Minerals

Igneous Rocks and Processes

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering - the Breakdown of Rocks

Sedimentary Processes, Environments, and Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Telling Time Geologically

Earth Structures - Folds, Faults, and Fabrics

Earthquakes

Plate Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Oceans

Continental Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Continents

Mass Movement

Streams and Floods

Groundwater

Glaciers and Ice Ages

Deserts and the Work of Winds

Shores and Coastal Processes

Human Use of the Earths Resources Appendices Glossary

Filters

Exam 11: The Earths Interior - Whats Going on Down There

Seismic tomography studies have revealed all of the following information about the Earth's interior EXCEPT:

What characteristics are necessary for a planet or a moon to generate a magnetic field?

Which of the following descriptions of the behavior of seismic waves is NOT correct?

The sample of mantle rock collected directly from the rifted Hess Deep valley was composed of:

Seismic tomography studies detect warmer interior regions as indicated by which phenomenon?

The principle of isostasy is used to describe:

Discuss the relationships among depth, pressure, temperature, and physical state in the Earth's interior.

The pull of gravity at the top of a mountain is:

Formation of the oceanic crust involves all of the following processes EXCEPT:

To generate a magnetic field, a planet must do all of the following EXCEPT:

How is gravity measured? What are gravity anomalies and what causes them?

All of the following have a magnetic field EXCEPT:

To determine the melting temperature of a portion of the Earth's interior, a geologist needs to know the region's:

The principles of paleomagnetism can be used to determine any of the following EXCEPT:

The Mohorovišic´ discontinuity (the Moho) is:

Discuss how P- wave and S- wave shadow zones delineate the Earth's core.

Which of the following statements about the Earth's core is NOT true?

Which of the following statements about the continental crust is NOT true?

Knowing the exact depth of a point within the Earth's interior enables us to calculate:

Discuss how paleomagnetism can help geologists to reconstruct past geographic locations of the Earth's landmasses.

A First Look at Planet Earth - Its Origins, Systems, and Tectonic Plates

Minerals

Igneous Rocks and Processes

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering - the Breakdown of Rocks

Sedimentary Processes, Environments, and Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Telling Time Geologically

Earth Structures - Folds, Faults, and Fabrics

Earthquakes

Plate Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Oceans

Continental Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Continents

Mass Movement

Streams and Floods

Groundwater

Glaciers and Ice Ages

Deserts and the Work of Winds

Shores and Coastal Processes

Human Use of the Earths Resources Appendices Glossary

Filters