Question 1

Energy is defined as

Accepted Answer

A) heat. 
B) the capacity to do work. 
C) change. 
D) movement. 
A) heat. 
B) the capacity to do work. 
C) change. 
D) movement.

Question 2

Under standard conditions, ATP can release for every molecule converted to ADP

Accepted Answer

A) less than 1 cal of energy. 
B) 1 to 2 cal of energy. 
C) 7.3 Kcal of energy. 
D) different amounts of energy depending on the cell. 
A) less than 1 cal of energy. 
B) 1 to 2 cal of energy. 
C) 7.3 Kcal of energy. 
D) different amounts of energy depending on the cell.

Question 3

Hexokinase is an enzyme that binds specifically to glucose and converts it into glucose 6-phosphate.The activity of hexokinase is suppressed by glucose 6-phosphate, which binds to hexokinase at a location that is distinct from the active site.This is an example of.

Accepted Answer

A) feedback inhibition. 
B) competitive inhibition. 
C) cofactor binding. 
D) allosteric activation. In this case, the product of the reaction, glucose 6-phosphate, is feeding back to inhibit the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction, hexokinase.As a result, this is an example of feedback inhibition. 
A) feedback inhibition. 
B) competitive inhibition. 
C) cofactor binding. 
D) allosteric activation. In this case, the product of the reaction, glucose 6-phosphate, is feeding back to inhibit the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction, hexokinase.As a result, this is an example of feedback inhibition.

Question 4

Glycolysis is a metabolic process that is done by all cells.However, not all cells make use of another metabolic process called the Krebs cycle.What does this tell you about the evolution of these processes?

Accepted Answer

A) As a metabolic process, glycolysis likely evolved prior to the Krebs cycle 
B) As a metabolic process, the Krebs cycle likely evolved prior to glycolysis 
C) Both the Krebs cycle and glycolysis likely evolved at the same time 
A) As a metabolic process, glycolysis likely evolved prior to the Krebs cycle 
B) As a metabolic process, the Krebs cycle likely evolved prior to glycolysis 
C) Both the Krebs cycle and glycolysis likely evolved at the same time

Question 5

Metabolic reactions fall under two general categories: anabolic and catabolic.What type of chemical reactions are these two classes of metabolic reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) Anabolic reactions are exergonic reactions, whereas catabolic reactions are endergonic. 
B) Both anabolic and catabolic reactions are exergonic. 
C) Both anabolic and catabolic reactions are endergonic. 
D) Anabolic reactions are endergonic reactions, whereas catabolic reactions are exergonic. 
A) Anabolic reactions are exergonic reactions, whereas catabolic reactions are endergonic. 
B) Both anabolic and catabolic reactions are exergonic. 
C) Both anabolic and catabolic reactions are endergonic. 
D) Anabolic reactions are endergonic reactions, whereas catabolic reactions are exergonic.

Question 6

When the substrate is bound to the enzyme, the shape of the enzyme may change slightly, leading to

Accepted Answer

A) an induced fit 
B) a great range of possible catalytic activities 
C) a greater supply of activation energy 
D) more permanent binding through intimate total contact 
A) an induced fit 
B) a great range of possible catalytic activities 
C) a greater supply of activation energy 
D) more permanent binding through intimate total contact

Question 7

A molecule that closely resembles the shape of a substrate for an enzyme would most likely serve as a

Accepted Answer

A) noncompetitive inhibitor. 
B) allosteric inhibitor. 
C) competitive inhibitor. 
D) allosteric activator. 
A) noncompetitive inhibitor. 
B) allosteric inhibitor. 
C) competitive inhibitor. 
D) allosteric activator.

Question 8

The ultimate source of energy for humans comes from what source?

Accepted Answer

A) The sun 
B) Plants 
C) Water 
D) Air 
A) The sun 
B) Plants 
C) Water 
D) Air

Question 9

You are studying an enzyme-catalyzed reaction that induces a particular cellular activity in the lab.If you wanted to slow down that particular cellular activity by controlling the enzyme, what could you do?

Accepted Answer

A) Decrease the temperature of the incubator where the cells are growing 
B) Increase the pH of the media the cells are growing in to the optimum pH 
C) Add cofactors to the media the cells are growing in 
D) Add an allosteric activator to the cells Decreasing the temperature could work to slow down the reaction.All of these other choices would either increase or maintain the rate of the reaction. 
A) Decrease the temperature of the incubator where the cells are growing 
B) Increase the pH of the media the cells are growing in to the optimum pH 
C) Add cofactors to the media the cells are growing in 
D) Add an allosteric activator to the cells Decreasing the temperature could work to slow down the reaction.All of these other choices would either increase or maintain the rate of the reaction.

Question 10

A particular reaction has a negative delta

Accepted Answer

A) This reaction does not obey the second law of thermodynamics 
B) This reaction does not proceed spontaneously 
C) The initial free energy of the reactants is much less than the final free energy of the products 
D) A certain amount of activation energy is required for the reaction to proceed Reactions with a negative delta G proceed spontaneously, but not instantaneously.They need a certain amount of activation energy to proceed. 
A) This reaction does not obey the second law of thermodynamics 
B) This reaction does not proceed spontaneously 
C) The initial free energy of the reactants is much less than the final free energy of the products 
D) A certain amount of activation energy is required for the reaction to proceed Reactions with a negative delta G proceed spontaneously, but not instantaneously.They need a certain amount of activation energy to proceed.

Question 11

Does ADP contain the capacity to provide energy for the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) No.ADP does not contain any bonds that can be broken to provide energy for the cell. 
B) Yes.ADP has the same capacity to provide energy for the cell as ATP. 
C) Yes.Cleaving the bond between the ribose sugar and the two phosphate groups can provide energy for the cell. 
D) Yes.Cleaving the bond between the terminal phosphate and the phosphate attached to the ribose sugar can provide energy for the cell. 
A) No.ADP does not contain any bonds that can be broken to provide energy for the cell. 
B) Yes.ADP has the same capacity to provide energy for the cell as ATP. 
C) Yes.Cleaving the bond between the ribose sugar and the two phosphate groups can provide energy for the cell. 
D) Yes.Cleaving the bond between the terminal phosphate and the phosphate attached to the ribose sugar can provide energy for the cell.

Question 12

The amount of energy available to do work is called

Accepted Answer

A) activation energy 
B) free energy 
C) kinetic energy 
D) potential energy 
A) activation energy 
B) free energy 
C) kinetic energy 
D) potential energy

Question 13

In order to reuse an enzyme after the conclusion of an enzyme catalyzed reaction, what must occur?

Accepted Answer

A) the enzyme has to be resynthesized 
B) the enzyme has to separate itself from the product 
C) changes into an active form 
D) the enzyme has to decrease entropy 
A) the enzyme has to be resynthesized 
B) the enzyme has to separate itself from the product 
C) changes into an active form 
D) the enzyme has to decrease entropy

Question 14

For a particular chemical reaction, the enthalpy of the reactants is -400 kJ.The enthalpy of the products is -390 kJ.The entropy of the reactants is 0.2 kJ/K.The entropy of the products is 0.3 kJ/K.The temperature of the reaction is 25 degrees Celsius.What can you conclude about this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) It is exergonic 
B) It is endergonic 
C) it is a redox reaction 
D) It is being catalyzed by an enzyme 
A) It is exergonic 
B) It is endergonic 
C) it is a redox reaction 
D) It is being catalyzed by an enzyme

Question 15

A calorie is the commonly used unit of chemical energy.It is also the unit of

Accepted Answer

A) light. 
B) magnetism. 
C) sound. 
D) heat. 
A) light. 
B) magnetism. 
C) sound. 
D) heat.

Question 16

A new antibiotic has been developed.It acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor.How will this antibiotic affect delta G for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Delta G will increase 
B) Delta G will decrease 
C) Delta G will be unaffected 
A) Delta G will increase 
B) Delta G will decrease 
C) Delta G will be unaffected

Question 17

Oxidation and reduction reactions are chemical processes that result in a gain or loss of:

Accepted Answer

A) atoms. 
B) neutrons. 
C) electrons. 
D) molecules. 
A) atoms. 
B) neutrons. 
C) electrons. 
D) molecules.

Question 18

In a chemical reaction, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP yields 3-phosphoglycerate plus ATP.What is the delta G for this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Greater than zero. 
B) Less than zero. 
C) Equal to zero. 
D) Cannot be determined 
A) Greater than zero. 
B) Less than zero. 
C) Equal to zero. 
D) Cannot be determined

Question 19

The synthesis of sugar molecules through the process of photosynthesis requires energy absorbed from sunlight.Bearing this in mind, what kind of reaction is photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) exergonic 
B) endergonic 
C) catabolic 
D) feedback Because this process requires energy input, it is an endergonic reaction. 
A) exergonic 
B) endergonic 
C) catabolic 
D) feedback Because this process requires energy input, it is an endergonic reaction.

Question 20

Many metabolic pathways are ultimately concerned with ATP; either with the generation of ATP, or with the requirement of ATP for that pathway to function.Why is ATP so important to metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) Hydrolysis of ATP is used to drive exergonic reactions 
B) Hydrolysis of the bond between adenine and ribose in ATP is commonly used to release energy that can be used to drive other cellular reactions 
C) The phosphate groups of ATP are held together by unstable bonds that can be broken to release energy 
D) ATP is a protein that serves as the energy currency of cells ATP does serve as the energy currency of cells, by storing energy in its triphosphate group.By cleaving the unstable bonds holding the phosphates together in the ATP molecule, energy can be released to drive endergonic reactions.ATP can also be used as a building block for RNA molecules.It is not a protein. 
A) Hydrolysis of ATP is used to drive exergonic reactions 
B) Hydrolysis of the bond between adenine and ribose in ATP is commonly used to release energy that can be used to drive other cellular reactions 
C) The phosphate groups of ATP are held together by unstable bonds that can be broken to release energy 
D) ATP is a protein that serves as the energy currency of cells ATP does serve as the energy currency of cells, by storing energy in its triphosphate group.By cleaving the unstable bonds holding the phosphates together in the ATP molecule, energy can be released to drive endergonic reactions.ATP can also be used as a building block for RNA molecules.It is not a protein.

Exam 6: Energy and Metabolism

Energy is defined as

Under standard conditions, ATP can release for every molecule converted to ADP

Hexokinase is an enzyme that binds specifically to glucose and converts it into glucose 6-phosphate.The activity of hexokinase is suppressed by glucose 6-phosphate, which binds to hexokinase at a location that is distinct from the active site.This is an example of.

Glycolysis is a metabolic process that is done by all cells.However, not all cells make use of another metabolic process called the Krebs cycle.What does this tell you about the evolution of these processes?

Metabolic reactions fall under two general categories: anabolic and catabolic.What type of chemical reactions are these two classes of metabolic reactions?

When the substrate is bound to the enzyme, the shape of the enzyme may change slightly, leading to

A molecule that closely resembles the shape of a substrate for an enzyme would most likely serve as a

The ultimate source of energy for humans comes from what source?

You are studying an enzyme-catalyzed reaction that induces a particular cellular activity in the lab.If you wanted to slow down that particular cellular activity by controlling the enzyme, what could you do?

A particular reaction has a negative delta

Does ADP contain the capacity to provide energy for the cell?

The amount of energy available to do work is called

In order to reuse an enzyme after the conclusion of an enzyme catalyzed reaction, what must occur?

For a particular chemical reaction, the enthalpy of the reactants is -400 kJ.The enthalpy of the products is -390 kJ.The entropy of the reactants is 0.2 kJ/K.The entropy of the products is 0.3 kJ/K.The temperature of the reaction is 25 degrees Celsius.What can you conclude about this reaction?

A calorie is the commonly used unit of chemical energy.It is also the unit of

A new antibiotic has been developed.It acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor.How will this antibiotic affect delta G for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Oxidation and reduction reactions are chemical processes that result in a gain or loss of:

In a chemical reaction, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + ADP yields 3-phosphoglycerate plus ATP.What is the delta G for this reaction?

The synthesis of sugar molecules through the process of photosynthesis requires energy absorbed from sunlight.Bearing this in mind, what kind of reaction is photosynthesis?

Many metabolic pathways are ultimately concerned with ATP; either with the generation of ATP, or with the requirement of ATP for that pathway to function.Why is ATP so important to metabolism?

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