Question 1

The single ventricle in an amphibian heart means the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix.How do amphibians manage to survive despite this inefficiency?

Accepted Answer

A) The absorb large amounts of fluid. 
B) They transport oxygen across the skin. 
C) They keep their body temperatures high. 
D) They move very slowly. 
A) The absorb large amounts of fluid. 
B) They transport oxygen across the skin. 
C) They keep their body temperatures high. 
D) They move very slowly.

Question 2

Which one of the following does not match a component of the amniotic egg with its primary function?

Accepted Answer

A) shell-porous, protective covering 
B) chorion-exchange of respiratory gases; retention of water 
C) amnion-encloses embryo within an oxygen-filled cavity 
D) allantois-segregates nitrogenous wastes from embryo 
A) shell-porous, protective covering 
B) chorion-exchange of respiratory gases; retention of water 
C) amnion-encloses embryo within an oxygen-filled cavity 
D) allantois-segregates nitrogenous wastes from embryo

Question 3

What would happen to an egg that had a non-functional chorion?

Accepted Answer

A) The embryo would suffocate or dehydrate. 
B) The embryo would starve in the egg. 
C) The embryo would die due to high levels of toxic metabolic wastes. 
D) The embryo would develop normally. 
A) The embryo would suffocate or dehydrate. 
B) The embryo would starve in the egg. 
C) The embryo would die due to high levels of toxic metabolic wastes. 
D) The embryo would develop normally.

Question 4

Mammals are thought to have evolved from

Accepted Answer

A) thecodonts. 
B) therapsids. 
C) dinosaurs. 
D) marsupials. 
A) thecodonts. 
B) therapsids. 
C) dinosaurs. 
D) marsupials.

Question 5

Of the primates listed below, a human's closest extant relative is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) South American spider monkey. 
B) mandrill. 
C) orangutan. 
D) ring-tailed lemur. 
A) South American spider monkey. 
B) mandrill. 
C) orangutan. 
D) ring-tailed lemur.

Question 6

Scuba divers use a BCD to control buoyancy.It is essentially a bag that can be inflated or deflated to prevent excessive sinking or floating.How do bony fish accomplish this?

Accepted Answer

A) They pump their operculum. 
B) They adjust the level of gasses in their swim bladder. 
C) They adjust their position using the pectoral and pelvic fins. 
D) They swim rapidly to saturate the blood with oxygen. 
A) They pump their operculum. 
B) They adjust the level of gasses in their swim bladder. 
C) They adjust their position using the pectoral and pelvic fins. 
D) They swim rapidly to saturate the blood with oxygen.

Question 7

Reptiles can maintain their internal body temperature by

Accepted Answer

A) behavioral mechanisms. 
B) drinking warm or cool water. 
C) eating and oxidizing more food. 
D) an effective insulating covering. 
A) behavioral mechanisms. 
B) drinking warm or cool water. 
C) eating and oxidizing more food. 
D) an effective insulating covering.

Question 8

One of the most critical adaptations of the reptiles in relation to their life on land is the evolution of the

Accepted Answer

A) amniotic egg. 
B) allantois egg. 
C) chorionic egg. 
D) diploid egg. 
A) amniotic egg. 
B) allantois egg. 
C) chorionic egg. 
D) diploid egg.

Question 9

To which group of fishes does the following description apply: swim bladder, bony skeleton, and paired fins supported by bony rays.

Accepted Answer

A) Sarcopterygi 
B) Actinopterygi 
C) Chondrichthyes 
D) Placodermi 
A) Sarcopterygi 
B) Actinopterygi 
C) Chondrichthyes 
D) Placodermi

Question 10

In terms of number of species, the most successful terrestrial vertebrates that invaded the air are

Accepted Answer

A) insects. 
B) pterosaurs. 
C) birds. 
D) bats. 
A) insects. 
B) pterosaurs. 
C) birds. 
D) bats.

Question 11

In humans, one pair of pharyngeal pouches become the tube-shaped organ called the

Accepted Answer

A) esophagus. 
B) trachea. 
C) Eustachian tube. 
D) bronchial tube. 
A) esophagus. 
B) trachea. 
C) Eustachian tube. 
D) bronchial tube.

Question 12

When a tourist buys a sand dollar at a beach shop, what are they buying?

Accepted Answer

A) A calcium carbonate shell secreted from the mantle 
B) Anendoskeleton of calcium carbonate ossicles 
C) A molted exoskeleton made of chitin 
D) An endoskeleton made of bone 
A) A calcium carbonate shell secreted from the mantle 
B) Anendoskeleton of calcium carbonate ossicles 
C) A molted exoskeleton made of chitin 
D) An endoskeleton made of bone

Question 13

Which of the following is considered the key innovation that started chordates along the evolutionary path that led to vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A) a flexible rod to which muscles are attached, which allowed lateral movement of the back 
B) an internal endoskeleton 
C) a skin covering the entire body to prevent desiccation 
D) a hard shell encasing the body 
A) a flexible rod to which muscles are attached, which allowed lateral movement of the back 
B) an internal endoskeleton 
C) a skin covering the entire body to prevent desiccation 
D) a hard shell encasing the body

Question 14

Amphibians are not completely free to live on dry land because

Accepted Answer

A) their ancestors were fish. 
B) their food organisms live in water. 
C) their reproduction depends on water. 
D) they can escape from predators by jumping into the water. 
A) their ancestors were fish. 
B) their food organisms live in water. 
C) their reproduction depends on water. 
D) they can escape from predators by jumping into the water.

Question 15

In addition to a vertebral column, all vertebrates have

Accepted Answer

A) a distinctive head or skull. 
B) an open circulatory system. 
C) gills. 
D) scales. 
A) a distinctive head or skull. 
B) an open circulatory system. 
C) gills. 
D) scales.

Question 16

A tunicate looks like a sponge.How could a biologist distinguish it from a member of the Porifera?

Accepted Answer

A) Tunicates do not filter feed. 
B) Only tunicates produce gametes. 
C) Unlike tunicates, sponges are symmetrical. 
D) Tunicates have a stomach. 
A) Tunicates do not filter feed. 
B) Only tunicates produce gametes. 
C) Unlike tunicates, sponges are symmetrical. 
D) Tunicates have a stomach.

Question 17

The invasion of the land by amphibians posed a number of challenges requiring evolutionary innovations.Which one of the following does NOT match a challenge with a corresponding adaptation found in amphibians?

Accepted Answer

A) The force of gravity was greater without water's buoying effect, selecting for well-muscled legs. 
B) Additional oxygen was needed for larger muscles, selecting for the partially-divided heart and pulmonary circuit. 
C) Eggs dry out in a terrestrial environment, selecting for the amniotic egg. 
D) Gills tend to collapse out of the water, selecting for lungs and cutaneous respiration. 
A) The force of gravity was greater without water's buoying effect, selecting for well-muscled legs. 
B) Additional oxygen was needed for larger muscles, selecting for the partially-divided heart and pulmonary circuit. 
C) Eggs dry out in a terrestrial environment, selecting for the amniotic egg. 
D) Gills tend to collapse out of the water, selecting for lungs and cutaneous respiration.

Question 18

The following classes or superclasses of fish are matched with an example.Select the mismatched pair.

Accepted Answer

A) Chondrichthyes-sharks 
B) Placodermi-lobe-finned fish 
C) Myxini-hagfish 
D) Osteichthyes-bony fish 
A) Chondrichthyes-sharks 
B) Placodermi-lobe-finned fish 
C) Myxini-hagfish 
D) Osteichthyes-bony fish

Question 19

Amphibians are thought to have evolved from

Accepted Answer

A) ray-finned fish. 
B) lobe-finned fish. 
C) spiny fish. 
D) skates and rays. 
A) ray-finned fish. 
B) lobe-finned fish. 
C) spiny fish. 
D) skates and rays.

Question 20

Small, fishlike marine chordates, pointed at both ends with no distinguishable head, in which the notochord runs the entire length of the nerve cord, are called

Accepted Answer

A) arrow worms. 
B) tunicates. 
C) acorn worms. 
D) lancelets. 
A) arrow worms. 
B) tunicates. 
C) acorn worms. 
D) lancelets.

Exam 35: Deuterostomes

The single ventricle in an amphibian heart means the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix.How do amphibians manage to survive despite this inefficiency?

Which one of the following does not match a component of the amniotic egg with its primary function?

What would happen to an egg that had a non-functional chorion?

Mammals are thought to have evolved from

Of the primates listed below, a human's closest extant relative is a(n)

Scuba divers use a BCD to control buoyancy.It is essentially a bag that can be inflated or deflated to prevent excessive sinking or floating.How do bony fish accomplish this?

Reptiles can maintain their internal body temperature by

One of the most critical adaptations of the reptiles in relation to their life on land is the evolution of the

To which group of fishes does the following description apply: swim bladder, bony skeleton, and paired fins supported by bony rays.

In terms of number of species, the most successful terrestrial vertebrates that invaded the air are

In humans, one pair of pharyngeal pouches become the tube-shaped organ called the

When a tourist buys a sand dollar at a beach shop, what are they buying?

Which of the following is considered the key innovation that started chordates along the evolutionary path that led to vertebrates?

Amphibians are not completely free to live on dry land because

In addition to a vertebral column, all vertebrates have

A tunicate looks like a sponge.How could a biologist distinguish it from a member of the Porifera?

The invasion of the land by amphibians posed a number of challenges requiring evolutionary innovations.Which one of the following does NOT match a challenge with a corresponding adaptation found in amphibians?

The following classes or superclasses of fish are matched with an example.Select the mismatched pair.

Amphibians are thought to have evolved from

Small, fishlike marine chordates, pointed at both ends with no distinguishable head, in which the notochord runs the entire length of the nerve cord, are called

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules and the Properties of Water

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

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Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

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Chromosomes, Mapping, and the Meiosis-Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

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Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics, Phylogenies, and Comparative Biology

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