Question 1

Which area of the cerebral cortex is important for the formulation of thoughts into speech?

Accepted Answer

A) Broca's area 
B) the pons 
C) the medulla oblongata 
D) Wernicke's area 
A) Broca's area 
B) the pons 
C) the medulla oblongata 
D) Wernicke's area

Question 2

When neurons are not producing electrical signals, there is still a voltage difference across their membranes.What is this voltage called?

Accepted Answer

A) channel-gate bias 
B) electrolyte voltage 
C) equilibrium potential 
D) resting potential 
A) channel-gate bias 
B) electrolyte voltage 
C) equilibrium potential 
D) resting potential

Question 3

Which of the following is not part of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A) sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system 
B) spinal cord 
C) parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system 
D) somatic nervous system 
A) sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system 
B) spinal cord 
C) parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system 
D) somatic nervous system

Question 4

What region of the brain integrates visceral activities, body temperature, and heartbeat?

Accepted Answer

A) medulla oblongata 
B) cerebrum 
C) hypothalamus 
D) thalamus 
A) medulla oblongata 
B) cerebrum 
C) hypothalamus 
D) thalamus

Question 5

A neuron that engages in spatial summation acquires a mutation that causes dendrite overgrowth and promiscuous synapsing.What is the likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

A) abnormally low frequency of action potentials 
B) summation will not occur 
C) abnormally high frequency of action potentials 
D) action potentials with stronger depolarization 
A) abnormally low frequency of action potentials 
B) summation will not occur 
C) abnormally high frequency of action potentials 
D) action potentials with stronger depolarization

Question 6

What part of the neuron is responsible for most of the "house-keeping" tasks of the cell, including protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) myelin 
B) axon 
C) dendrite 
D) soma 
A) myelin 
B) axon 
C) dendrite 
D) soma

Question 7

If you were to compare the resting potential of a neuron to a battery, which way is the battery oriented?

Accepted Answer

A) positive terminal outside of the cell, and negative terminal inside 
B) positive terminal inside of the cell, and negative terminal outside 
C) positive terminal pointing toward the axon, negative terminal toward the dendrite 
D) positive terminal pointing toward the dendrite, negative terminal toward the axon 
A) positive terminal outside of the cell, and negative terminal inside 
B) positive terminal inside of the cell, and negative terminal outside 
C) positive terminal pointing toward the axon, negative terminal toward the dendrite 
D) positive terminal pointing toward the dendrite, negative terminal toward the axon

Question 8

Place the following events involved in drug addiction in the correct sequence.I-The synapse becomes less sensitive, and normal function can only continue in the presence of the drug.II-CNS responds to increased firing by decreasing the number of drug receptors on the cell membrane.III-Drug molecule prevents receptor endocytosis and causes overstimulation of the postsynaptic cell.

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III 
B) III, II, I 
C) II, III, I 
D) III, I, II 
A) I, II, III 
B) III, II, I 
C) II, III, I 
D) III, I, II

Question 9

What is the name for the gap into which neurotransmitters are released?

Accepted Answer

A) gap junction 
B) synaptic cleft 
C) postsynaptic membrane 
D) presynaptic membrane 
A) gap junction 
B) synaptic cleft 
C) postsynaptic membrane 
D) presynaptic membrane

Question 10

What are the branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals called?

Accepted Answer

A) axons 
B) cell bodies 
C) dendrites 
D) oligodendrocytes 
A) axons 
B) cell bodies 
C) dendrites 
D) oligodendrocytes

Question 11

Dr.Robinson tapped on a patient's knee with the little hammer, but failed to see the usual kick of the patellar reflex.Since this reflex only involves a few neurons, what part of the nervous system might the doctor most likely be concerned about?

Accepted Answer

A) parasympathetic nervous system 
B) central nervous system 
C) sympathetic nervous system 
D) peripheral nervous system 
A) parasympathetic nervous system 
B) central nervous system 
C) sympathetic nervous system 
D) peripheral nervous system

Question 12

Your roommate is on an ultra-low fat diet to try to lose weight.Given what you know about structure of the nervous system, what advice would you give him?

Accepted Answer

A) "You should drink large quantities of water, because the brain is mostly water." 
B) "Good for you! Losing weight by any means necessary can only help your brain." 
C) "You should eat some healthy unsaturated fats, like those found in fish, olive oil, and nuts, because your brain needs fatty acids to build the myelin sheaths around your axons." 
D) "You should eat trans fats, from donuts, because 'trans' is short for neurotransmission." 
A) "You should drink large quantities of water, because the brain is mostly water." 
B) "Good for you! Losing weight by any means necessary can only help your brain." 
C) "You should eat some healthy unsaturated fats, like those found in fish, olive oil, and nuts, because your brain needs fatty acids to build the myelin sheaths around your axons." 
D) "You should eat trans fats, from donuts, because 'trans' is short for neurotransmission."

Question 13

The spinal cord is enclosed by the vertebral column and layers of protective membranes.What are these membranes called?

Accepted Answer

A) neural net 
B) white matter 
C) dorsal root 
D) meninges 
A) neural net 
B) white matter 
C) dorsal root 
D) meninges

Question 14

A cheetah has succeeded in catching a gazelle and has just finished feeding on the carcass.What division of the nervous system has increased in activity?

Accepted Answer

A) somatic nervous system 
B) parasympathetic nervous system 
C) sympathetic nervous system 
D) parasymbiotic nervous system 
A) somatic nervous system 
B) parasympathetic nervous system 
C) sympathetic nervous system 
D) parasymbiotic nervous system

Question 15

What other cells should you examine for effects from this mutant gene?

Accepted Answer

A) prefrontal neurons 
B) gustatory neurons 
C) cholinergic neurons 
D) Schwann cells 
A) prefrontal neurons 
B) gustatory neurons 
C) cholinergic neurons 
D) Schwann cells

Question 16

Which of the following targets is NOT regulated by the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A) skeletal muscles 
B) cardiac muscles 
C) glands of the body 
D) smooth muscles 
A) skeletal muscles 
B) cardiac muscles 
C) glands of the body 
D) smooth muscles

Question 17

Nerve impulses are electrical signals measured across which structure?

Accepted Answer

A) lipid sheath of Schwann cell 
B) plasma membrane of neuron 
C) synapse 
D) neuromuscular junction 
A) lipid sheath of Schwann cell 
B) plasma membrane of neuron 
C) synapse 
D) neuromuscular junction

Question 18

To process information, postsynaptic neurons often add up simultaneous signals from several presynaptic neurons.Which structure and process allow them to do so?

Accepted Answer

A) axons; temporal summation 
B) axons; spatial summation 
C) dendrites; temporal summation 
D) dendrites; spatial summation 
A) axons; temporal summation 
B) axons; spatial summation 
C) dendrites; temporal summation 
D) dendrites; spatial summation

Question 19

The membrane of a resting neuron is most permeable to which of the following ions?

Accepted Answer

A) Cl- 
B) Ca2+ 
C) Na+ 
D) K+ 
A) Cl- 
B) Ca2+ 
C) Na+ 
D) K+

Question 20

What determines the direction of the voltage change that occurs at the postsynaptic membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) the type of neurotransmitter 
B) the type of second messenger system used 
C) the type(s) of ions that travel through opened channels 
D) the number of ion channels on the postsynaptic membrane 
A) the type of neurotransmitter 
B) the type of second messenger system used 
C) the type(s) of ions that travel through opened channels 
D) the number of ion channels on the postsynaptic membrane

Exam 43: The Nervous System

Which area of the cerebral cortex is important for the formulation of thoughts into speech?

When neurons are not producing electrical signals, there is still a voltage difference across their membranes.What is this voltage called?

Which of the following is not part of the peripheral nervous system?

What region of the brain integrates visceral activities, body temperature, and heartbeat?

A neuron that engages in spatial summation acquires a mutation that causes dendrite overgrowth and promiscuous synapsing.What is the likely outcome?

What part of the neuron is responsible for most of the "house-keeping" tasks of the cell, including protein synthesis?

If you were to compare the resting potential of a neuron to a battery, which way is the battery oriented?

What is the name for the gap into which neurotransmitters are released?

What are the branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals called?

Dr.Robinson tapped on a patient's knee with the little hammer, but failed to see the usual kick of the patellar reflex.Since this reflex only involves a few neurons, what part of the nervous system might the doctor most likely be concerned about?

Your roommate is on an ultra-low fat diet to try to lose weight.Given what you know about structure of the nervous system, what advice would you give him?

The spinal cord is enclosed by the vertebral column and layers of protective membranes.What are these membranes called?

A cheetah has succeeded in catching a gazelle and has just finished feeding on the carcass.What division of the nervous system has increased in activity?

What other cells should you examine for effects from this mutant gene?

Which of the following targets is NOT regulated by the autonomic nervous system?

Nerve impulses are electrical signals measured across which structure?

To process information, postsynaptic neurons often add up simultaneous signals from several presynaptic neurons.Which structure and process allow them to do so?

The membrane of a resting neuron is most permeable to which of the following ions?

What determines the direction of the voltage change that occurs at the postsynaptic membrane?

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules and the Properties of Water

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes, Mapping, and the Meiosis-Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics, Phylogenies, and Comparative Biology

Genome Evolution

Evolution of Development

The Origin and Diversity of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Diversity and the Evolution of Body Plans

Protostomes

Deuterostomes

Plant Form

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

The Respiratory System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Ecology of Individuals and Populations

Community Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Conservation Biology

Filters