Exam 15: The Urinary System

Match each region of the nephron to its description. -region composed of a descending limb that is permeable to water and an ascending limb that is impermeable to water

The descending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water so no passive diffusion occurs.

Which of the following regulates salt balance?

ADH ________ the permeability of the cells of the collecting duct to water.

When urine leaves the kidneys, it enters the

The loop of Henle relies on a countercurrent exchange mechanism to promote movement of water and solutes. Explain the significance of this mechanism to the composition of urine.

Match each of the following disorders associated with the urinary system to its description. -condition that results from crystallization of minerals in urine; can block the flow of urine out of the body

An individual has been diagnosed with persistent proteinuria. This condition is due to damage in which one of the following regions of the nephron?

Match each of the following disorders associated with the urinary system to its description. -condition also known as end-stage renal disease; kidneys no longer function properly due to long-term, irreversible damage

Alcohol has diuretic effects, increasing urine output. By which one of the following is this mediated?

Match each region of the nephron to its description. -region where 65-70% of the water in the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed into the blood

Using the figure above, identify in which one of the following locations a nephron would be found. A) A B) B C) C D) D E) B and C Answer: E Topic: Sec. 15.3 Bloom's: Remembering/Understanding LO: 15.3a GLO: G1 -The capillaries that serve as the major blood supply to the kidneys are called the

If the Bowman's capsule could be surgically removed so that the end (closed) of the proximal tubule was in contact with the glomerulus, what would be the impact on glomerular filtration?

The nitrogenous waste ammonia is usually converted to a less toxic substance known as

The function of the kidneys to concentrate urine is under the control of a negative feedback loop.

Match each region of the nephron to its description. -ADH increases the permeability of the cells of this region to water

Many different ions are taken into the body with each meal or produced during cellular metabolism. The kidneys are important in regulating homeostasis of these ions in the body. Match each ion to its function. -potassium

Renin is secreted by which one of the following structures?

The glomerulus of each nephron is enclosed by a portion of the nephron known as a glomerular ________.

Match each region of the nephron to its description. -region where fluids are transported to the collecting duct; active reabsorption of salt occurs