Question 1

The Dmanisi B fossils from the Republic of Georgia are dated to

Accepted Answer

A)  1.0 mya. 
B)  800,000 yBP. 
C)  1.7 mya. 
D)  2.5 mya. 
A)  1.0 mya. 
B)  800,000 yBP. 
C)  1.7 mya. 
D)  2.5 mya.

Question 2

Stone tools are more commonly found on archaeological sites thought to be associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  Ardipithecus. 
B)  Paranthropus. 
C)  Australopithecus. 
D)  Homo habilis. 
A)  Ardipithecus. 
B)  Paranthropus. 
C)  Australopithecus. 
D)  Homo habilis.

Question 3

Detailed environmental reconstructions, based on fossil animal bones, of the Daka Member of Ethiopia's Middle Awash deposits

Accepted Answer

A)  provide a detailed picture of the habitat in which australopithicines and Homo habilis coexisted about 2.5 mya. 
B)  provide a detailed picture of the habitat in which Homo erectus lived about 1 mya. 
C)  demonstrate that Asian Homo erectus lived in a rain forest. 
D)  prove that in certain areas of Africa, there were no large mammals, only "microfauna" consisting of mice and similar creatures. 
A)  provide a detailed picture of the habitat in which australopithicines and Homo habilis coexisted about 2.5 mya. 
B)  provide a detailed picture of the habitat in which Homo erectus lived about 1 mya. 
C)  demonstrate that Asian Homo erectus lived in a rain forest. 
D)  prove that in certain areas of Africa, there were no large mammals, only "microfauna" consisting of mice and similar creatures.

Question 4

Homo erectus fossils date to

Accepted Answer

A)  3-1 mya. 
B)  2.5-0.5 mya. 
C)  1.8 mya-300,000 yBP. 
D)  1.2 mya-800,000 yBP. 
A)  3-1 mya. 
B)  2.5-0.5 mya. 
C)  1.8 mya-300,000 yBP. 
D)  1.2 mya-800,000 yBP.

Question 5

The Kenyan site of Olorgesailie is famous for

Accepted Answer

A)  a nearly complete Homo erectus skeleton. 
B)  a concentration with thousands of hand axes, other tools, and butchered animal bones. 
C)  being the only place where robust australopithecines are found. 
D)  being the oldest H.habilis bearing site. 
A)  a nearly complete Homo erectus skeleton. 
B)  a concentration with thousands of hand axes, other tools, and butchered animal bones. 
C)  being the only place where robust australopithecines are found. 
D)  being the oldest H.habilis bearing site.

Question 6

The "cooking hypothesis" suggests that Homo erectus

Accepted Answer

A)  significantly increased the available food and nutrition and decreased tooth size after learning to control fire. 
B)  started to use fire to keep animals away from their camps, thus allowing them to survive the long African nights. 
C)  began to cannibalize (and cook) other hominins, thus decreasing competition and increasing food availability at the same time. 
D)  took much longer to evolve than other hominins because cooking made life much easier and more survivable for them. 
A)  significantly increased the available food and nutrition and decreased tooth size after learning to control fire. 
B)  started to use fire to keep animals away from their camps, thus allowing them to survive the long African nights. 
C)  began to cannibalize (and cook) other hominins, thus decreasing competition and increasing food availability at the same time. 
D)  took much longer to evolve than other hominins because cooking made life much easier and more survivable for them.

Question 7

Bodo and Daka hominins are ________; Dmanisi is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Asian; African 
B)  European; African 
C)  African; Asian 
D)  African; European 
A)  Asian; African 
B)  European; African 
C)  African; Asian 
D)  African; European

Question 8

What are the differences between Homo habilis and Homo erectus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homo habilis shows a reduction in the size of the face relative to the brain case. 
B)  Homo erectus shows a reduction in the size of the face relative to the brain case. 
C)  Homo habilis generally has a greater brain capacity than Homo erectus. 
D)  Homo erectus generally has a smaller brain capacity than Homo habilis. 
A)  Homo habilis shows a reduction in the size of the face relative to the brain case. 
B)  Homo erectus shows a reduction in the size of the face relative to the brain case. 
C)  Homo habilis generally has a greater brain capacity than Homo erectus. 
D)  Homo erectus generally has a smaller brain capacity than Homo habilis.

Question 9

Homo erectus walked just like a modern human, with traits like

Accepted Answer

A)  long legs and opposable toes. 
B)  double arches and an adducted big toe. 
C)  long arms. 
D)  a foramen magnum at the back of the skull. 
A)  long legs and opposable toes. 
B)  double arches and an adducted big toe. 
C)  long arms. 
D)  a foramen magnum at the back of the skull.

Question 10

The Acheulean complex

Accepted Answer

A)  emerged around 2.5 mya. 
B)  is used to describe simple pebble tools. 
C)  emerged around 1.5 mya. 
D)  is characteristic of Homo habilis. 
A)  emerged around 2.5 mya. 
B)  is used to describe simple pebble tools. 
C)  emerged around 1.5 mya. 
D)  is characteristic of Homo habilis.

Question 11

Homo erectus remains from China

Accepted Answer

A)  are nearly nonexistent; it is possible that H.erectus never lived there. 
B)  are very important and fairly abundant, but the largest single collection of Chinese H.erectus was lost to science in World War II. 
C)  are numerous and among the oldest, suggesting that H.erectus evolved there. 
D)  all date to after 100,000 years ago. 
A)  are nearly nonexistent; it is possible that H.erectus never lived there. 
B)  are very important and fairly abundant, but the largest single collection of Chinese H.erectus was lost to science in World War II. 
C)  are numerous and among the oldest, suggesting that H.erectus evolved there. 
D)  all date to after 100,000 years ago.

Question 12

Relative to Oldowan tools, Acheulean stone tools

Accepted Answer

A)  had a narrower range of functions. 
B)  used fewer raw materials. 
C)  were characterized by fewer tool types. 
D)  required more learning and skill to produce. 
A)  had a narrower range of functions. 
B)  used fewer raw materials. 
C)  were characterized by fewer tool types. 
D)  required more learning and skill to produce.

Question 13

Describe Homo erectus's cranial and postcranial anatomical characteristics.How is this species significantly different from earlier hominids, and how did these characteristics increase the success
of this species over that of its ancestors?

Accepted Answer

Homo erectus is characterized by increas

Question 14

Which species became increasingly specialized to foods requiring heavy chewing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homo sapiens 
B)  Homo habilis 
C)  Homo erectus 
D)  Australopithecus 
A)  Homo sapiens 
B)  Homo habilis 
C)  Homo erectus 
D)  Australopithecus

Question 15

Homo habilis experienced a major shift to new environments that was characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  dietary shift. 
B)  tool use for obtaining and processing food. 
C)  big-game hunting. 
D)  the use of marine resources. 
A)  dietary shift. 
B)  tool use for obtaining and processing food. 
C)  big-game hunting. 
D)  the use of marine resources.

Question 16

Homo naledi, recently discovered in South Africa, has a sagittal keel, large browridge, thick cranial bones, and reduced tooth size.The brain size is small, close to 500 cc.Where might this new species fit in the larger pattern of human evolution in Africa?

Accepted Answer

A)  H.naledi seems most likely a member of the genus Homo; however, its small brain size is regarded as a primitive hominin trait more reminiscent of the australopithecines. 
B)  H.naledi sits comfortably at the juncture of Australopithecus and early Homo, since all of its traits seem intermediate between the two. 
C)  H.naledi has several traits that do not fit with the genus Homo, including its large browridge and thick cranial bones; however, it must be Homo because it is securely dated to 1 mya. 
D)  H.naledi demonstrates the exact mix of traits expected for a new Homo fossil of this time period and this region. 
A)  H.naledi seems most likely a member of the genus Homo; however, its small brain size is regarded as a primitive hominin trait more reminiscent of the australopithecines. 
B)  H.naledi sits comfortably at the juncture of Australopithecus and early Homo, since all of its traits seem intermediate between the two. 
C)  H.naledi has several traits that do not fit with the genus Homo, including its large browridge and thick cranial bones; however, it must be Homo because it is securely dated to 1 mya. 
D)  H.naledi demonstrates the exact mix of traits expected for a new Homo fossil of this time period and this region.

Question 17

During the period 2.5-1.0 mya

Accepted Answer

A)  several hominins, including but not limited to Homo erectus, Homo habilis, and various Australopithecine species, were alive at overlapping time periods, just as earlier periods saw several species of Australopithecine alive at once. 
B)  the great diversity of hominins known from earlier periods was quickly trimmed down so only Homo erectus existed, alone, for most of that time. 
C)  there were two species of early hominin, Homo habilis living in Africa and Homo erectus living in Asia. 
D)  there was one widespread species of hominin, Homo erectus, with so much variation that early anthropologists thought there were several species existing side by side. 
A)  several hominins, including but not limited to Homo erectus, Homo habilis, and various Australopithecine species, were alive at overlapping time periods, just as earlier periods saw several species of Australopithecine alive at once. 
B)  the great diversity of hominins known from earlier periods was quickly trimmed down so only Homo erectus existed, alone, for most of that time. 
C)  there were two species of early hominin, Homo habilis living in Africa and Homo erectus living in Asia. 
D)  there was one widespread species of hominin, Homo erectus, with so much variation that early anthropologists thought there were several species existing side by side.

Question 18

Discuss the fossil evidence of Homo habilis and describe the anatomical and behavioral traits of Homo habilis that introduce the evolution of Homo sapiens.

Accepted Answer

Homo habilis was the first hominid to ha

The Dmanisi B fossils from the Republic of Georgia are dated to

Stone tools are more commonly found on archaeological sites thought to be associated with

Detailed environmental reconstructions, based on fossil animal bones, of the Daka Member of Ethiopia's Middle Awash deposits

Homo erectus fossils date to

The Kenyan site of Olorgesailie is famous for

The "cooking hypothesis" suggests that Homo erectus

Bodo and Daka hominins are ; Dmanisi is .

What are the differences between Homo habilis and Homo erectus?

Homo erectus walked just like a modern human, with traits like

The Acheulean complex

Homo erectus remains from China

Relative to Oldowan tools, Acheulean stone tools

Describe Homo erectus's cranial and postcranial anatomical characteristics.How is this species significantly different from earlier hominids, and how did these characteristics increase the success of this species over that of its ancestors?

Which species became increasingly specialized to foods requiring heavy chewing?

Homo habilis experienced a major shift to new environments that was characterized by

Homo naledi, recently discovered in South Africa, has a sagittal keel, large browridge, thick cranial bones, and reduced tooth size.The brain size is small, close to 500 cc.Where might this new species fit in the larger pattern of human evolution in Africa?

During the period 2.5-1.0 mya

Discuss the fossil evidence of Homo habilis and describe the anatomical and behavioral traits of Homo habilis that introduce the evolution of Homo sapiens.

What Is Biological Anthropology

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: Living People

Biology in the Present: the Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: The Roots of Humanity

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

The Past 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, Biology

Filters

Exam 11: The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Dmanisi B fossils from the Republic of Georgia are dated to

Stone tools are more commonly found on archaeological sites thought to be associated with

Detailed environmental reconstructions, based on fossil animal bones, of the Daka Member of Ethiopia's Middle Awash deposits

Homo erectus fossils date to

The Kenyan site of Olorgesailie is famous for

The "cooking hypothesis" suggests that Homo erectus

Bodo and Daka hominins are ________; Dmanisi is ________.

What are the differences between Homo habilis and Homo erectus?

Homo erectus walked just like a modern human, with traits like

The Acheulean complex

Homo erectus remains from China

Relative to Oldowan tools, Acheulean stone tools

Describe Homo erectus's cranial and postcranial anatomical characteristics.How is this species significantly different from earlier hominids, and how did these characteristics increase the success of this species over that of its ancestors?

Which species became increasingly specialized to foods requiring heavy chewing?

Homo habilis experienced a major shift to new environments that was characterized by

Homo naledi, recently discovered in South Africa, has a sagittal keel, large browridge, thick cranial bones, and reduced tooth size.The brain size is small, close to 500 cc.Where might this new species fit in the larger pattern of human evolution in Africa?

During the period 2.5-1.0 mya

Discuss the fossil evidence of Homo habilis and describe the anatomical and behavioral traits of Homo habilis that introduce the evolution of Homo sapiens.

What Is Biological Anthropology

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: Living People

Biology in the Present: the Other Living Primates

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: The Roots of Humanity

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

The Past 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, Biology

Filters

Bodo and Daka hominins are ; Dmanisi is .