Question 1

The increased brain size observed in the order Primates

Accepted Answer

A)  results in extended periods of nursing and development to accommodate increasing behavioral complexity. 
B)  results in shorter developmental periods to accommodate the necessary energy expenditures of larger brain size. 
C)  demonstrates the importance of intelligence in primate evolution. 
D)  demonstrates the importance of intelligence in primate evolution AND results in extended periods of nursing and development to accommodate increasing behavioral complexity. 
A)  results in extended periods of nursing and development to accommodate increasing behavioral complexity. 
B)  results in shorter developmental periods to accommodate the necessary energy expenditures of larger brain size. 
C)  demonstrates the importance of intelligence in primate evolution. 
D)  demonstrates the importance of intelligence in primate evolution AND results in extended periods of nursing and development to accommodate increasing behavioral complexity.

Question 2

Brachiation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  using the forelimbs to move from tree limb to tree limb. 
B)  quadrupedal locomotion including the use of a tail. 
C)  clinging and leaping locomotion in an arboreal environment. 
D)  bipedality in nonhumans. 
A)  using the forelimbs to move from tree limb to tree limb. 
B)  quadrupedal locomotion including the use of a tail. 
C)  clinging and leaping locomotion in an arboreal environment. 
D)  bipedality in nonhumans.

Question 3

Arboreal adaptation is

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptation to life in the trees. 
B)  the ability to brachiate. 
C)  adaptation to life in the savanna. 
D)  the ability to move on four limbs. 
A)  adaptation to life in the trees. 
B)  the ability to brachiate. 
C)  adaptation to life in the savanna. 
D)  the ability to move on four limbs.

Question 4

Colobine primates

Accepted Answer

A)  are mostly frugivorous. 
B)  are usually terrestrial. 
C)  have specialized digestive anatomy for eating leaves. 
D)  are referred to as "cheek pouch" monkeys. 
A)  are mostly frugivorous. 
B)  are usually terrestrial. 
C)  have specialized digestive anatomy for eating leaves. 
D)  are referred to as "cheek pouch" monkeys.

Question 5

Catarrhines' nostrils are

Accepted Answer

A)  far apart and face sideways. 
B)  close together and face downward. 
C)  large due to their heightened sense of smell. 
D)  wide and include a large nasal sinus. 
A)  far apart and face sideways. 
B)  close together and face downward. 
C)  large due to their heightened sense of smell. 
D)  wide and include a large nasal sinus.

Question 6

Anthropoids include

Accepted Answer

A)  monkeys and apes, including humans. 
B)  African and Asian apes only. 
C)  tarsiers, monkeys, and apes only. 
D)  lemurs, lorises, galagos, and tarsiers. 
A)  monkeys and apes, including humans. 
B)  African and Asian apes only. 
C)  tarsiers, monkeys, and apes only. 
D)  lemurs, lorises, galagos, and tarsiers.

Question 7

The pelvis and gluteal muscles in apes and humans are

Accepted Answer

A)  almost identical, even though the two groups of primates locomote in entirely different ways. 
B)  different in their shape and size so that the difference between quadrupedal and bipedal locomotion can be distinguished. 
C)  almost identical, since the two types of primates both move around quadrupedally and bipedally, as needed. 
D)  the same except for the size of the gluteal maximus, which is largest in the nonhuman ape. 
A)  almost identical, even though the two groups of primates locomote in entirely different ways. 
B)  different in their shape and size so that the difference between quadrupedal and bipedal locomotion can be distinguished. 
C)  almost identical, since the two types of primates both move around quadrupedally and bipedally, as needed. 
D)  the same except for the size of the gluteal maximus, which is largest in the nonhuman ape.

Question 8

Preadaptation is

Accepted Answer

A)  the series of apparent adaptations that are never actually used. 
B)  the use of an anatomical feature in a way unrelated to the feature's original function. 
C)  an anatomical feature used in the manner for which it was originally selected. 
D)  a phenomenon that occurs before natural selection can occur. 
A)  the series of apparent adaptations that are never actually used. 
B)  the use of an anatomical feature in a way unrelated to the feature's original function. 
C)  an anatomical feature used in the manner for which it was originally selected. 
D)  a phenomenon that occurs before natural selection can occur.

Question 9

Evaluate and explain the evidence for the phylogenetic relationship between humans and other primates.

Accepted Answer

In both the cladistic and traditional me

Question 10

The mouse lemur and the indri

Accepted Answer

A)  represent the range of sizes in living lemurs, though extinct lemurs included larger forms. 
B)  are improperly named since the "mouse" lemur is nearly gorilla-size, much larger than the indri. 
C)  are found in the Old World and the New World, respectively. 
D)  are both extinct lemurs known to have lived across the African continent. 
A)  represent the range of sizes in living lemurs, though extinct lemurs included larger forms. 
B)  are improperly named since the "mouse" lemur is nearly gorilla-size, much larger than the indri. 
C)  are found in the Old World and the New World, respectively. 
D)  are both extinct lemurs known to have lived across the African continent.

Question 11

Dietary plasticity in primates refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  eating a wide variety of foods. 
B)  lack of diversity of diets over time. 
C)  diets composed of a variety of red meats. 
D)  diets composed of a variety of fruits. 
A)  eating a wide variety of foods. 
B)  lack of diversity of diets over time. 
C)  diets composed of a variety of red meats. 
D)  diets composed of a variety of fruits.

Question 12

The opposable big toe

Accepted Answer

A)  is present in nonhuman primates but not humans, because humans lost this feature. 
B)  is present in nonhuman primates but not humans, because primates evolved this feature. 
C)  is present in all primates. 
D)  is only found in Old World primates. 
A)  is present in nonhuman primates but not humans, because humans lost this feature. 
B)  is present in nonhuman primates but not humans, because primates evolved this feature. 
C)  is present in all primates. 
D)  is only found in Old World primates.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the overall pattern of growth stages in primates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans grow the fastest and live the longest. 
B)  Lemurs grow the fastest and live the longest. 
C)  Lemurs grow for two years, anthropoid primates for six to seven years, and humans for 14-19 years. 
D)  Lemurs grow for 14-19 years, anthropoid primates for six to seven years, and humans for 11 years. 
A)  Humans grow the fastest and live the longest. 
B)  Lemurs grow the fastest and live the longest. 
C)  Lemurs grow for two years, anthropoid primates for six to seven years, and humans for 14-19 years. 
D)  Lemurs grow for 14-19 years, anthropoid primates for six to seven years, and humans for 11 years.

Question 14

Relative to body size, primate brain size is

Accepted Answer

A)  proportional to human brain size. 
B)  more or less the same in large and small primates. 
C)  smaller than in other large mammals. 
D)  larger among great apes than among other primates. 
A)  proportional to human brain size. 
B)  more or less the same in large and small primates. 
C)  smaller than in other large mammals. 
D)  larger among great apes than among other primates.

Question 15

Prehensile tails are

Accepted Answer

A)  present in catarrhine primates. 
B)  present in most primates. 
C)  common in platyrrhines. 
D)  made strictly of muscle. 
A)  present in catarrhine primates. 
B)  present in most primates. 
C)  common in platyrrhines. 
D)  made strictly of muscle.

Question 16

A skull with a foramen magnum positioned at the back of the skull belongs to an individual that

Accepted Answer

A)  is fully bipedal, such as a human. 
B)  is fully quadrupedal, such as a dog. 
C)  spends a lot of time in trees. 
D)  is usually bipedal but sometimes quadrupedal. 
A)  is fully bipedal, such as a human. 
B)  is fully quadrupedal, such as a dog. 
C)  spends a lot of time in trees. 
D)  is usually bipedal but sometimes quadrupedal.

Question 17

Which of the following are strepsirhines?

Accepted Answer

A)  baboons 
B)  gibbons 
C)  lemurs 
D)  tamarins 
A)  baboons 
B)  gibbons 
C)  lemurs 
D)  tamarins

Question 18

Among all primates, humans have the

Accepted Answer

A)  largest body relative to other animals. 
B)  greatest level of biological adaptability. 
C)  largest body size. 
D)  largest brain relative to body size. 
A)  largest body relative to other animals. 
B)  greatest level of biological adaptability. 
C)  largest body size. 
D)  largest brain relative to body size.

Question 19

Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a

Accepted Answer

A)  bilophodont. 
B)  two-ridge tooth. 
C)  diastema. 
D)  tooth comb. 
A)  bilophodont. 
B)  two-ridge tooth. 
C)  diastema. 
D)  tooth comb.

Question 20

While observing primates at the zoo, you notice that the particular monkey you are watching uses its hands, feet, and tail to grasp branches while moving throughout the trees in its enclosure.This is MOST likely a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  Old World monkey, because many of these species have a tail with grasping abilities similar to those observed in nonhuman primate hands and feet. 
B)  lesser ape, because many of these species have a tail with grasping abilities similar to those observed in nonhuman primate hands and feet. 
C)  New World monkey, because these are the only monkeys that live in trees. 
D)  New World monkey, because many of these species have a tail with grasping abilities similar to those observed in nonhuman primate hands and feet. 
A)  Old World monkey, because many of these species have a tail with grasping abilities similar to those observed in nonhuman primate hands and feet. 
B)  lesser ape, because many of these species have a tail with grasping abilities similar to those observed in nonhuman primate hands and feet. 
C)  New World monkey, because these are the only monkeys that live in trees. 
D)  New World monkey, because many of these species have a tail with grasping abilities similar to those observed in nonhuman primate hands and feet.

The increased brain size observed in the order Primates

Brachiation refers to

Arboreal adaptation is

Colobine primates

Catarrhines' nostrils are

Anthropoids include

The pelvis and gluteal muscles in apes and humans are

Preadaptation is

Evaluate and explain the evidence for the phylogenetic relationship between humans and other primates.

The mouse lemur and the indri

Dietary plasticity in primates refers to

The opposable big toe

Which of the following best describes the overall pattern of growth stages in primates?

Relative to body size, primate brain size is

Prehensile tails are

A skull with a foramen magnum positioned at the back of the skull belongs to an individual that

Which of the following are strepsirhines?

Among all primates, humans have the

Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a

While observing primates at the zoo, you notice that the particular monkey you are watching uses its hands, feet, and tail to grasp branches while moving throughout the trees in its enclosure.This is MOST likely a(n)

What Is Biological Anthropology

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: Living People

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: The Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

The Past 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, Biology

Filters

Exam 6: Biology in the Present: the Other Living Primates

The increased brain size observed in the order Primates

Brachiation refers to

Arboreal adaptation is

Colobine primates

Catarrhines' nostrils are

Anthropoids include

The pelvis and gluteal muscles in apes and humans are

Preadaptation is

Evaluate and explain the evidence for the phylogenetic relationship between humans and other primates.

The mouse lemur and the indri

Dietary plasticity in primates refers to

The opposable big toe

Which of the following best describes the overall pattern of growth stages in primates?

Relative to body size, primate brain size is

Prehensile tails are

A skull with a foramen magnum positioned at the back of the skull belongs to an individual that

Which of the following are strepsirhines?

Among all primates, humans have the

Strepsirhines have a special lower incisor called a

While observing primates at the zoo, you notice that the particular monkey you are watching uses its hands, feet, and tail to grasp branches while moving throughout the trees in its enclosure.This is MOST likely a(n)

What Is Biological Anthropology

Evolution: Constructing a Fundamental Scientific Theory

Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation

Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

Biology in the Present: Living People

Primate Sociality, Social Behavior, and Culture

Fossils and Their Place in Time and Nature

Primate Origins and Evolution: the First 50 Million Years

Early Hominin Origins and Evolution: The Roots of Humanity

The Origins and Evolution of Early Homo

The Origins, Evolution, and Dispersal of Modern People

The Past 10,000 Years: Agriculture, Population, Biology

Filters