Exam 4: Cells and Organelles

Several biology students have just returned from a field trip in which they were asked to collect prokaryotes and eukaryotes.The eukaryotic organisms were to be divided into plant cells,animal cells,or "other." The students have access to a light and electron microscope.Can you suggest how they could determine whether these cells are prokaryotic or eukaryotic? How could they distinguish plant from animal cells?

Which of the following is least likely to be part of a cell membrane?

The region within the prokaryotic cell where the DNA is located is known as the ________.

The similarity of mitochondria and chloroplasts to bacterial cells led to the development of the ________,which proposes that these organelles are derived from bacteria.

The pathway that a secretory protein takes from inside to outside is: rough endoplasmic reticulum,________,Golgi complex,________,outside the cell.

The ________ are prokaryotes that resemble bacteria in size and cell division but are more similar to eukaryotes in DNA replication,transcription,RNA processing,and protein synthesis.

The main role of the central vacuole in plant cells is to

Which sequence reflects the locations that a secretory protein will visit on its way from its production to its secretion outside the cell?

Which of the following fundamental properties of life do viruses not possess?

In which of the following properties are the archaea more like eukaryotes than the bacteria?

Viruses are composed of

A microbiologist has discovered what she thinks are two new types of photosynthetic cells.The first cell (organism 1)appears nearly cubic and is approximately 1.5 ?m wide × 1.5 ?m long × 1.5 ?m deep.The second,larger cell (organism 2)is 5 ?m wide × 15 ?m long × 2 ?m deep. a.What is the surface area/volume ratio of each organism? b.Based on what you know about the surface area/volume ratios,which organism will find it more difficult to interact with the surrounding environment? c.Suggest possible strategies that might allow the organism identified it part (b)to cope with its reduced capacity to interact with the environment. d.Which of these organisms is more likely to be a prokaryote?

Which of the following organelles is not part of the endomembrane system?

Eukaryotic cells are believed to have arisen

Experiments by Stanley Miller in the 1950s demonstrated that the first organic molecules on earth

Which of the following is true of plant cells?

Glyoxysomes play an important role in the germination of fat-storing seeds and are considered to be specialized

A protein is destined to be secreted from a cell.In which organelle would you expect to find the protein just after it is produced in the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

If the surface area of a cell increases by a factor of 100,the volume of that cell will

________ are infectious RNAs that are responsible for diseases in several crop plants,such as tobacco.