Question 1

The steady state vital to life is possible because

Accepted Answer

A) the cell cannot convert energy from one form to another. 
B) all cells are autotrophic. 
C) the cell continually takes up energy from the environment. 
D) all reactions are at equilibrium. 
E) all reactions are exothermic. 
A) the cell cannot convert energy from one form to another. 
B) all cells are autotrophic. 
C) the cell continually takes up energy from the environment. 
D) all reactions are at equilibrium. 
E) all reactions are exothermic.

Question 2

What is a Calorie and why is the caloric content of food displayed on nutrition labels? Which contains more energy,1 gram of fat or 1 gram of sugar? Why?

Accepted Answer

One dietary Calorie (capital C)is the am

Question 3

In a chemical reaction,the standard free energy change (ΔG°')is calculated to be −3.67 cal/mol.What can be said of the chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) The reaction is at equilibrium under standard conditions. 
B) The reaction is spontaneous under standard conditions. 
C) The reaction is not spontaneous under standard conditions. 
D) Reactants predominate over products at equilibrium under standard conditions. 
E) There can be no reaction. 
A) The reaction is at equilibrium under standard conditions. 
B) The reaction is spontaneous under standard conditions. 
C) The reaction is not spontaneous under standard conditions. 
D) Reactants predominate over products at equilibrium under standard conditions. 
E) There can be no reaction.

Question 4

The equilibrium constant (K'eq)for the reaction,glucose-6-phosphate + water → glucose + phosphate,is 260.What is the ΔG°' for this reaction? What do the values of K'eq and ΔG°' tell you about this reaction?

Accepted Answer

The ΔG°' is −3292 cal/mol.The large K'_eqin

Question 5

What form of energy do all living organisms use?

Accepted Answer

A) sunlight 
B) radiation 
C) chemical bonds 
D) nuclear energy 
E) heat 
A) sunlight 
B) radiation 
C) chemical bonds 
D) nuclear energy 
E) heat

Question 6

In a reversible chemical reaction at equilibrium,the concentration of X (the reactant)is 0.75 mol/L,and the concentration of Y (the product)is 2.25 mol/L.At 25°C,what would be the Keq?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.33 
B) 3.0 
C) 1.69 
D) 1.50 
E) 37.5 
A) 0.33 
B) 3.0 
C) 1.69 
D) 1.50 
E) 37.5

Question 7

Photosynthesis is an important process that

Accepted Answer

A) is performed by heterotrophs. 
B) produces oxidized products. 
C) uses water and carbon dioxide as reactants. 
D) is performed by organisms living near deep-ocean thermal vents. 
E) only plants can perform. 
A) is performed by heterotrophs. 
B) produces oxidized products. 
C) uses water and carbon dioxide as reactants. 
D) is performed by organisms living near deep-ocean thermal vents. 
E) only plants can perform.

Question 8

In a biochemical reaction,reactants may be converted into products.The extent to which this occurs spontaneously is expressed as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) ΔG 
B) Keq 
C) ΔS 
D) temperature 
E) TΔS 
A) ΔG 
B) Keq 
C) ΔS 
D) temperature 
E) TΔS

Question 9

Which of the following statements are false concerning phototrophs?

Accepted Answer

A) They capture light energy. 
B) They can be bacteria. 
C) They store energy as glucose. 
D) They are not autotrophs. 
E) They provide energy for chemotrophs. 
A) They capture light energy. 
B) They can be bacteria. 
C) They store energy as glucose. 
D) They are not autotrophs. 
E) They provide energy for chemotrophs.

Question 10

Which of the following is a phototroph?

Accepted Answer

A) a tree 
B) a mushroom 
C) soil bacterium 
D) an earthworm 
E) a person 
A) a tree 
B) a mushroom 
C) soil bacterium 
D) an earthworm 
E) a person

Question 11

Which of the following is not a basic need of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) molecular building blocks 
B) 100% efficiency 
C) energy 
D) information 
E) chemical catalysts 
A) molecular building blocks 
B) 100% efficiency 
C) energy 
D) information 
E) chemical catalysts

Question 12

Reduction involves the

Accepted Answer

A) loss of neutrons. 
B) gain of electrons. 
C) increase in oxidation state. 
D) gain of electrons and an increase in oxidation state. 
E) loss of neutrons,gain of electrons,and an increase in oxidation state. 
A) loss of neutrons. 
B) gain of electrons. 
C) increase in oxidation state. 
D) gain of electrons and an increase in oxidation state. 
E) loss of neutrons,gain of electrons,and an increase in oxidation state.

Question 13

Which of the following types of work involves a change in position of the cell or a cell structure?

Accepted Answer

A) bioluminescent 
B) electrical 
C) mechanical 
D) synthetic 
E) concentration 
A) bioluminescent 
B) electrical 
C) mechanical 
D) synthetic 
E) concentration

Question 14

The statement,"Energy is neither created nor destroyed," is a statement of

Accepted Answer

A) the first law of thermodynamics. 
B) the second law of thermodynamics. 
C) entropy. 
D) enthalpy. 
E) an early theory of energy that has now been proven false. 
A) the first law of thermodynamics. 
B) the second law of thermodynamics. 
C) entropy. 
D) enthalpy. 
E) an early theory of energy that has now been proven false.

Question 15

Life is possible because living cells maintain themselves in a steady state,with most of their reactions

Accepted Answer

A) far from thermodynamic equilibrium. 
B) near thermodynamic equilibrium. 
C) conserving energy. 
D) conserving matter. 
E) conserving energy and matter. 
A) far from thermodynamic equilibrium. 
B) near thermodynamic equilibrium. 
C) conserving energy. 
D) conserving matter. 
E) conserving energy and matter.

Question 16

"The total amount of mass-energy in the universe is constant," is a statement of

Accepted Answer

A) the first law of thermodynamics. 
B) the second law of thermodynamics. 
C) thermodynamic spontaneity. 
D) entropy. 
E) enthalpy. 
A) the first law of thermodynamics. 
B) the second law of thermodynamics. 
C) thermodynamic spontaneity. 
D) entropy. 
E) enthalpy.

Question 17

A negative free energy change indicates that

Accepted Answer

A) the reaction is not possible. 
B) energy must be added to the reaction before it can proceed. 
C) the reactant is predominant at equilibrium. 
D) the reaction is exothermic. 
E) the reaction is at equilibrium. 
A) the reaction is not possible. 
B) energy must be added to the reaction before it can proceed. 
C) the reactant is predominant at equilibrium. 
D) the reaction is exothermic. 
E) the reaction is at equilibrium.

Question 18

Oxidation

Accepted Answer

A) involves the removal of oxygen atoms from a molecule. 
B) is endothermic. 
C) occurs when an atom accepts electrons. 
D) occurs when oxygen atoms are added to a molecule and energy released. 
E) is rare in biological reactions. 
A) involves the removal of oxygen atoms from a molecule. 
B) is endothermic. 
C) occurs when an atom accepts electrons. 
D) occurs when oxygen atoms are added to a molecule and energy released. 
E) is rare in biological reactions.

Question 19

Matter and energy flow through the biosphere.The flow of matter,however,differs from the flow of energy.Which of the following statements accurately describes these differences?

Accepted Answer

A) Matter flows in cycles,whereas energy flows in one direction. 
B) Matter does not accompany energy as it enters the biosphere,but it does flow with energy from the biosphere. 
C) Energy flows from chemotrophs to phototrophs,whereas matter flows from phototrophs to chemotrophs. 
D) Energy flows as organic molecules are reduced to inorganic molecules,but matter does not. 
E) Matter and energy flow sometimes in cycles and sometimes unidirectionally. 
A) Matter flows in cycles,whereas energy flows in one direction. 
B) Matter does not accompany energy as it enters the biosphere,but it does flow with energy from the biosphere. 
C) Energy flows from chemotrophs to phototrophs,whereas matter flows from phototrophs to chemotrophs. 
D) Energy flows as organic molecules are reduced to inorganic molecules,but matter does not. 
E) Matter and energy flow sometimes in cycles and sometimes unidirectionally.

Question 20

In a chemical reaction at equilibrium,the concentration of R (the reactant)is 3.0 mol/L and the concentration of P (the product)is 0.9 mol/L.At 25°C,what would be the Keq?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.5 
B) 0.3 
C) 1.0 
D) 3.0 
E) 37.5 
A) 1.5 
B) 0.3 
C) 1.0 
D) 3.0 
E) 37.5

Exam 5: Bioenergetics: the Flow of Energy in the Cell

The steady state vital to life is possible because

What is a Calorie and why is the caloric content of food displayed on nutrition labels? Which contains more energy,1 gram of fat or 1 gram of sugar? Why?

In a chemical reaction,the standard free energy change (ΔG°')is calculated to be −3.67 cal/mol.What can be said of the chemical reaction?

The equilibrium constant (K'eq)for the reaction,glucose-6-phosphate + water → glucose + phosphate,is 260.What is the ΔG°' for this reaction? What do the values of K'eq and ΔG°' tell you about this reaction?

What form of energy do all living organisms use?

In a reversible chemical reaction at equilibrium,the concentration of X (the reactant)is 0.75 mol/L,and the concentration of Y (the product)is 2.25 mol/L.At 25°C,what would be the Keq?

Photosynthesis is an important process that

In a biochemical reaction,reactants may be converted into products.The extent to which this occurs spontaneously is expressed as which of the following?

Which of the following statements are false concerning phototrophs?

Which of the following is a phototroph?

Which of the following is not a basic need of the cell?

Reduction involves the

Which of the following types of work involves a change in position of the cell or a cell structure?

The statement,"Energy is neither created nor destroyed," is a statement of

Life is possible because living cells maintain themselves in a steady state,with most of their reactions

"The total amount of mass-energy in the universe is constant," is a statement of

A negative free energy change indicates that

Oxidation

Matter and energy flow through the biosphere.The flow of matter,however,differs from the flow of energy.Which of the following statements accurately describes these differences?

In a chemical reaction at equilibrium,the concentration of R (the reactant)is 3.0 mol/L and the concentration of P (the product)is 0.9 mol/L.At 25°C,what would be the Keq?

A Preview of Cell Biology

The Chemistry of the Cell

The Macromolecules of the Cell

Cells and Organelles

Enzymes: the Catalysts of Life

Membranes: Their Structure,function,and Chemistry

Transport Across Membranes: Overcoming the Permeability Barrier

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Aerobic Respiration

Phototrophic Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis

The Endomembrane System

Cytoskeletal Systems

Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility

Beyond the Cell: Cell Adhesions, cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures

The Structural Basis of Cellular Information: Dna, chromosomes, and the Nucleus

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

Gene Expression: Ithe Genetic Code and Transcription

Gene Expression: Iiprotein Synthesis and Sorting

The Regulation of Gene Expression

Molecular Biology Techniques for Cell Biology

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Ielectrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Iimessengers and Receptors

The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction,meiosis,and Genetic Recombination

Filters

The equilibrium constant (K'_eq)for the reaction,glucose-6-phosphate + water → glucose + phosphate,is 260.What is the ΔG°' for this reaction? What do the values of K'_eqand ΔG°' tell you about this reaction?

In a reversible chemical reaction at equilibrium,the concentration of X (the reactant)is 0.75 mol/L,and the concentration of Y (the product)is 2.25 mol/L.At 25°C,what would be the K_eq?

In a chemical reaction at equilibrium,the concentration of R (the reactant)is 3.0 mol/L and the concentration of P (the product)is 0.9 mol/L.At 25°C,what would be the K_eq?