Question 1

In a chloroplast,the stroma is

Accepted Answer

A) a pore in the outer membrane. 
B) a stack of thylakoids. 
C) the region between in the inner and outer membranes. 
D) a connection between the grana. 
E) a gel-like matrix between the inner chloroplast membrane and the thylakoid membrane. 
A) a pore in the outer membrane. 
B) a stack of thylakoids. 
C) the region between in the inner and outer membranes. 
D) a connection between the grana. 
E) a gel-like matrix between the inner chloroplast membrane and the thylakoid membrane.

Question 2

The Emerson enhancement effect

Accepted Answer

A) explains the lack of O2 release during anoxygenic photosynthesis. 
B) results from the activity of three photosystems. 
C) explains the synergistic effect of two wavelengths of light on photosynthesis. 
D) makes it possible for plants to avoid the glyoxylate pathway. 
E) accounts for the major difference between C3 and C4 plants. 
A) explains the lack of O2 release during anoxygenic photosynthesis. 
B) results from the activity of three photosystems. 
C) explains the synergistic effect of two wavelengths of light on photosynthesis. 
D) makes it possible for plants to avoid the glyoxylate pathway. 
E) accounts for the major difference between C3 and C4 plants.

Question 3

When atmospheric CO2 concentrations decrease,the ________ cycle gives C4 plants an advantage over C3 in carbon fixation.

Accepted Answer

Question 4

When a photon is absorbed by a pigment (light-absorbing molecule),such as chlorophyll,the energy of the photon is transferred to

Accepted Answer

A) D1 protein to activate PSII. 
B) ATP synthase to make ATP. 
C) an electron to move it from a low to a high energy orbital. 
D) Plastocyanin to be passed on to PSI. 
E) NADP+ to make NADPH. 
A) D1 protein to activate PSII. 
B) ATP synthase to make ATP. 
C) an electron to move it from a low to a high energy orbital. 
D) Plastocyanin to be passed on to PSI. 
E) NADP+ to make NADPH.

Question 5

Plastocyanin (PC)is a copper-containing protein that,like plastoquinol,is a mobile ________ carrier in photosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Plastocyanin (PC)is a copper-containing protein that,like plastoquinol,is...

Question 6

The energy transduction reactions of photosynthesis convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The energy transduction reactions of photosynthesis convert...

Question 7

Each of the following statements accurately describes the Calvin cycle except

Accepted Answer

A) It is found in all oxygenic and most anoxygenic phototrophs. 
B) Carbon dioxide is fixed by reduction to form organic sugars. 
C) Its products enter a variety of metabolic pathways including sugar and starch biosynthesis. 
D) It involves ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP). 
E) It is confined to the cytoplasm in plants and algae. 
A) It is found in all oxygenic and most anoxygenic phototrophs. 
B) Carbon dioxide is fixed by reduction to form organic sugars. 
C) Its products enter a variety of metabolic pathways including sugar and starch biosynthesis. 
D) It involves ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP). 
E) It is confined to the cytoplasm in plants and algae.

Question 8

Which of the following initially traps solar energy in the process of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) water 
B) chlorophyll 
C) triose phosphate 
D) NADP+ 
E) ATP 
A) water 
B) chlorophyll 
C) triose phosphate 
D) NADP+ 
E) ATP

Question 9

Which of the following types of organisms makes use of the Hatch-Slack cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) algae 
B) C3 plants 
C) C4 plants 
D) cyanobacteria 
E) photosynthetic bacteria 
A) algae 
B) C3 plants 
C) C4 plants 
D) cyanobacteria 
E) photosynthetic bacteria

Question 10

________ organisms such as green and purple bacteria derive electrons from sulfide,thiosulfate,and succinate to generate NADPH.

Accepted Answer

Anoxygenic

Question 11

Chlorophyll is comprised of a central ________ containing a(n)________ ion and a(n)________ side chain.

Accepted Answer

porphyrin

Question 12

There has been and remains great interest in developing safe and effective herbicides.In some situations,it would be desirable to have a herbicide that killed a wide variety of different plants,but in other cases it would be best to have a herbicide that was much more selective.
a)What plant activity would you target to kill the widest variety of plants?
b)What plant activity would you target to kill C4 plants?
c)What plant activity would you target to kill CAM plants?
Be as specific as possible.

Accepted Answer

a)The best general herbicide would targe

Question 13

Based on the comparisons of anoxygenic and oxygenic photosynthesis,the entry of oxygen into the atmosphere is most directly attributed to

Accepted Answer

A) PSI activity. 
B) Calvin cycle activity. 
C) photophosphorylation. 
D) Hatch-Slack pathway activity. 
E) Q cycle activity. 
A) PSI activity. 
B) Calvin cycle activity. 
C) photophosphorylation. 
D) Hatch-Slack pathway activity. 
E) Q cycle activity.

Question 14

The light-dependent generation of NADPH is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The light-dependent generation of NADPH is referred...

Question 15

Some herbicides,such as paraquat,cause oxidation of NADPH to NADP+.How does paraquat interfere with plant energy metabolism?

Accepted Answer

By oxidizing NADPH to NADP dir

Question 16

The ATP synthase complex associated with the thylakoid membrane

Accepted Answer

A) contains a CF1 proton channel and a CFo ATPase complex. 
B) is identical to the FoF1 complex of mitochondria. 
C) performs photophosphorylation in oxygenic phototrophs. 
D) is a soluble enzyme complex peripherally associated with PSI. 
E) accepts electrons from PSI. 
A) contains a CF1 proton channel and a CFo ATPase complex. 
B) is identical to the FoF1 complex of mitochondria. 
C) performs photophosphorylation in oxygenic phototrophs. 
D) is a soluble enzyme complex peripherally associated with PSI. 
E) accepts electrons from PSI.

Question 17

Each of the following can be used in the Calvin cycle except

Accepted Answer

A) phosphoglycolate. 
B) NADPH. 
C) 3-phosphoglycerate. 
D) CO2. 
E) ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. 
A) phosphoglycolate. 
B) NADPH. 
C) 3-phosphoglycerate. 
D) CO2. 
E) ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate.

Question 18

In crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)plants

Accepted Answer

A) stomata open during the day. 
B) malate is stored in large vacuoles. 
C) CO2 is transported directly into mesophyll cells. 
D) the amount of carbon assimilated for each water molecule transpired is only 25 percent of that in C3 plants. 
E) carboxylation and decarboxylation reactions occur in the same location at the same time. 
A) stomata open during the day. 
B) malate is stored in large vacuoles. 
C) CO2 is transported directly into mesophyll cells. 
D) the amount of carbon assimilated for each water molecule transpired is only 25 percent of that in C3 plants. 
E) carboxylation and decarboxylation reactions occur in the same location at the same time.

Question 19

Photoheterotrophs are best described as organisms that obtain energy to make ATP

Accepted Answer

A) from organic compounds but use sunlight to produce carbon sources. 
B) and organic compounds from sunlight. 
C) from sunlight but cannot make organic compounds from CO2. 
D) from NADH. 
E) from organic compounds. 
A) from organic compounds but use sunlight to produce carbon sources. 
B) and organic compounds from sunlight. 
C) from sunlight but cannot make organic compounds from CO2. 
D) from NADH. 
E) from organic compounds.

Question 20

Your house plant is growing slowly and lacks its normal bright green color,so you call a botanist for advice.She suggests that the plant may be deficient in magnesium (Mg2+).Why are these symptoms associated with Mg2+ deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A) Mg2+ is important in the structure of many amino acids. 
B) Lack of Mg2+ in the soil allows pathogenic bacteria to grow. 
C) Mg2+ is a cofactor for NADPH function. 
D) Mg2+ is an important component in chlorophyll. 
E) Cytochromes require Mg2+ to function properly. 
A) Mg2+ is important in the structure of many amino acids. 
B) Lack of Mg2+ in the soil allows pathogenic bacteria to grow. 
C) Mg2+ is a cofactor for NADPH function. 
D) Mg2+ is an important component in chlorophyll. 
E) Cytochromes require Mg2+ to function properly.

Exam 11: Phototrophic Energy Metabolism: Photosynthesis

In a chloroplast,the stroma is

The Emerson enhancement effect

When atmospheric CO2 concentrations decrease,the ________ cycle gives C4 plants an advantage over C3 in carbon fixation.

When a photon is absorbed by a pigment (light-absorbing molecule),such as chlorophyll,the energy of the photon is transferred to

Plastocyanin (PC)is a copper-containing protein that,like plastoquinol,is a mobile ________ carrier in photosynthesis.

The energy transduction reactions of photosynthesis convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of ________ and ________.

Each of the following statements accurately describes the Calvin cycle except

Which of the following initially traps solar energy in the process of photosynthesis?

Which of the following types of organisms makes use of the Hatch-Slack cycle?

________ organisms such as green and purple bacteria derive electrons from sulfide,thiosulfate,and succinate to generate NADPH.

Chlorophyll is comprised of a central ________ containing a(n)________ ion and a(n)________ side chain.

Based on the comparisons of anoxygenic and oxygenic photosynthesis,the entry of oxygen into the atmosphere is most directly attributed to

The light-dependent generation of NADPH is referred to as ________.

Some herbicides,such as paraquat,cause oxidation of NADPH to NADP+.How does paraquat interfere with plant energy metabolism?

The ATP synthase complex associated with the thylakoid membrane

Each of the following can be used in the Calvin cycle except

In crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)plants

Photoheterotrophs are best described as organisms that obtain energy to make ATP

Your house plant is growing slowly and lacks its normal bright green color,so you call a botanist for advice.She suggests that the plant may be deficient in magnesium (Mg2+).Why are these symptoms associated with Mg2+ deficiency?

A Preview of Cell Biology

The Chemistry of the Cell

The Macromolecules of the Cell

Cells and Organelles

Bioenergetics: the Flow of Energy in the Cell

Enzymes: the Catalysts of Life

Membranes: Their Structure,function,and Chemistry

Transport Across Membranes: Overcoming the Permeability Barrier

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Glycolysis and Fermentation

Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism: Aerobic Respiration

The Endomembrane System

Cytoskeletal Systems

Cellular Movement: Motility and Contractility

Beyond the Cell: Cell Adhesions, cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures

The Structural Basis of Cellular Information: Dna, chromosomes, and the Nucleus

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

Gene Expression: Ithe Genetic Code and Transcription

Gene Expression: Iiprotein Synthesis and Sorting

The Regulation of Gene Expression

Molecular Biology Techniques for Cell Biology

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Ielectrical and Synaptic Signaling in Neurons

Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Iimessengers and Receptors

The Cell Cycle and Mitosis

Sexual Reproduction,meiosis,and Genetic Recombination

Filters

When atmospheric CO₂ concentrations decrease,the ________ cycle gives C₄ plants an advantage over C₃ in carbon fixation.

The energy transduction reactions of photosynthesis convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of and .

Chlorophyll is comprised of a central containing a(n) ion and a(n) side chain.

Some herbicides,such as paraquat,cause oxidation of NADPH to NADP⁺.How does paraquat interfere with plant energy metabolism?

Your house plant is growing slowly and lacks its normal bright green color,so you call a botanist for advice.She suggests that the plant may be deficient in magnesium (Mg²⁺).Why are these symptoms associated with Mg²⁺ deficiency?