Exam 6: Social and Personality Development in Infancy

Babies with different temperaments react differently to the world around them,and they also trigger different reactions from the people taking care of them.Using Thomas and Chess's typology of temperament,provide specific examples to describe how an infant's temperament would affect the development of its attachment with a caregiver.

If they are happily married,mothers tend to be more responsive to their children.

Describe and explain the infant's journey through the processes that contribute to the development of a sense of self.Comment on the separate self,self-permanence,the objective self,the emotional self,other awareness,and joint attention as progressive stages in the formation of a sense of self.How does each stage or function change the infant's understanding of himself,his relationships,and his world?

An infant's understanding of others' emotions assists development in all of the following ways EXCEPT

When infants use facial expressions to help them understand what to do in new situations,they are engaging in what researchers call

Goran is 11 months old.He loves to press a button on the side of his story book that makes different animal sounds.Goran appears to know that he must press the button to hear the sounds.Psychologists would say that Goran is in the ________ stage of self-concept development.

Describe the two-phase process by which a child develops a sense of self.How does the development of self-awareness explain the behaviours usually described as "the terrible twos"?

Regarding infants in centre-based non-parental care,which factor is most likely to produce positive or neutral outcomes for these children?

Bowlby and other ethologists argue that the tendency to recreate the parent-infant relationship in each new relationship formed continues into adulthood.

Proof of strong genetic heredity patterns in temperament traits was gained by studying

Imagine you are a radio talk-show personality who gives parenting advice.You are often asked "How can I be sure I am choosing a good daycare facility?" and "Should I send my child to a daycare or would it be developmentally better if I care for her at home?" Summarize how you would answer these questions.

Arthur is an independent and curious child who is always exploring.He readily separates from his mother when he is left at the nursery school,and he is happy to see her when she returns.Arthur most likely would be classified as having a(n)________ attachment.

The characteristics or traits one exhibits as an infant will

The research conducted with Romanian orphans adopted by Canadian families lends support to the concept of

Kumar has come to understand that he is a separate person from his mother,and that he has life experiences as well as repercussions from the environment he lives in.Kumar has realized his objective self.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about the developmental benefits of proximity between infants and caregivers?

Research suggests that children who attend daycare demonstrate

Discuss the pivotal role of attachment in infant development.What are the four phases of attachment and the behaviours associated with them? Name and describe the four types of attachment,and discuss their origins and stability.

According to Sigmund Freud,adult behaviours such as swearing or nail-biting may be manifestations of infant frustrations that occurred while weaning.

One of the core developmental skills required to demonstrate joint attention is