Question 1

When considering scientific testimony, gatekeeping, in the legal sense, includes:

Accepted Answer

A)  determining court protocol. 
B)  assessing the scientific validity of potential testimony. 
C)  counseling juries. 
D)  advising on approved witness lists. 
A)  determining court protocol. 
B)  assessing the scientific validity of potential testimony. 
C)  counseling juries. 
D)  advising on approved witness lists. B

Question 2

The primary goal of psychological science is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  provide guidelines for behavior. 
B)  regulate human behavior. 
C)  demonstrate how punishment works. 
D)  provide accurate explanations of human behavior. 
A)  provide guidelines for behavior. 
B)  regulate human behavior. 
C)  demonstrate how punishment works. 
D)  provide accurate explanations of human behavior. D

Question 3

According to the text, which statement regarding the way judges acquire scientific knowledge is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Judges are more likely to read Psychology Today than law or science journals. 
B)  Judges are required to complete several continuing education courses each year. 
C)  Canadian law requires judges to "hot-tub" meet with relevant social researchers. 
D)  Popular media (including websites) is a viable way to communicate research findings. 
A)  Judges are more likely to read Psychology Today than law or science journals. 
B)  Judges are required to complete several continuing education courses each year. 
C)  Canadian law requires judges to "hot-tub" meet with relevant social researchers. 
D)  Popular media (including websites) is a viable way to communicate research findings. C

Question 4

The Mohan test outlines ____ points for determining the admissibility of expert testimony.

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  5 
C)  6 
D)  7 
A)  4 
B)  5 
C)  6 
D)  7

Question 5

A modern interpretation of the doctrine of stare decisis would be that:

Accepted Answer

A)  all things come to be decided over time. 
B)  if too many judges are involved in a decision, time will be wasted in the process. 
C)  an issue is not decided until all parties are willing to agree that justice has been served. 
D)  a decision should adhere to what has already been established in law. 
A)  all things come to be decided over time. 
B)  if too many judges are involved in a decision, time will be wasted in the process. 
C)  an issue is not decided until all parties are willing to agree that justice has been served. 
D)  a decision should adhere to what has already been established in law.

Question 6

According to the text, the goal of psychology is to_____, while the goal of the legal system is to_____.

Accepted Answer

A)  emphasize the characteristics of groups; emphasize individual cases 
B)  emphasize individual cases; emphasize the characteristics of groups 
C)  apply abstract principles; understand the general nature of humans 
D)  develop legal protocol; generalize the details of a case 
A)  emphasize the characteristics of groups; emphasize individual cases 
B)  emphasize individual cases; emphasize the characteristics of groups 
C)  apply abstract principles; understand the general nature of humans 
D)  develop legal protocol; generalize the details of a case

Question 7

Which is NOT one of the characteristics of the legal culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its outcomes are viewed in terms of probabilities. 
B)  It prioritizes the concept of uncertainty avoidance. 
C)  It relies on judgments that are dichotomous. 
D)  The judgments rendered result in consequences. 
A)  Its outcomes are viewed in terms of probabilities. 
B)  It prioritizes the concept of uncertainty avoidance. 
C)  It relies on judgments that are dichotomous. 
D)  The judgments rendered result in consequences.

Question 8

Which court case expanded a judge's gatekeeping responsibility to include not only scientific testimony but any type of expert opinion?

Accepted Answer

A)  R. v. Mohan 
B)  Kumho Tire Ltd. v. Carmichael 
C)  General Electric Co. v. Joiner 
D)  Daubert. v. Merrell Down Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 
A)  R. v. Mohan 
B)  Kumho Tire Ltd. v. Carmichael 
C)  General Electric Co. v. Joiner 
D)  Daubert. v. Merrell Down Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Question 9

Roles that psychologists may play in the legal system include:

Accepted Answer

A)  auxiliary judges. 
B)  gatekeepers. 
C)  reformers. 
D)  triers of fact. 
A)  auxiliary judges. 
B)  gatekeepers. 
C)  reformers. 
D)  triers of fact.

Question 10

According to the text, forensic practitioners are bound by ethical guidelines that prohibit all of these acts EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  being influenced by partisan pressures in the conduct of duties 
B)  entering into a relationship that may be interpreted as a conflict of interest 
C)  accepting bonuses for referrals to legitimate clinicians 
D)  using hot-tub meeting practices to expedite legal proceedings 
A)  being influenced by partisan pressures in the conduct of duties 
B)  entering into a relationship that may be interpreted as a conflict of interest 
C)  accepting bonuses for referrals to legitimate clinicians 
D)  using hot-tub meeting practices to expedite legal proceedings

Question 11

In the case General Electric v. Joiner, it was held that appellate courts should not:

Accepted Answer

A)  limit the number of experts who can testify if they address different issues. 
B)  disregard test results based soley on the research methods used. 
C)  put undue emphasis on a defendant's decision not to testify. 
D)  second-guess a trial judge's decision to exclude expert testimony. 
A)  limit the number of experts who can testify if they address different issues. 
B)  disregard test results based soley on the research methods used. 
C)  put undue emphasis on a defendant's decision not to testify. 
D)  second-guess a trial judge's decision to exclude expert testimony.

Question 12

The early leader of the realist movement who argued that laws must be continually re-examined in order to best serve the interests of society was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Karl Llewellyn. 
B)  Louis Brandeis. 
C)  John MacDonald. 
D)  Hugo Munsterberg. 
A)  Karl Llewellyn. 
B)  Louis Brandeis. 
C)  John MacDonald. 
D)  Hugo Munsterberg.

Question 13

Psychology can be described as _____, while law is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  prescriptive; descriptive 
B)  descriptive; prescriptive 
C)  realistic; idealistic 
D)  understanding; demanding 
A)  prescriptive; descriptive 
B)  descriptive; prescriptive 
C)  realistic; idealistic 
D)  understanding; demanding

Question 14

Precedents can best be described as:

Accepted Answer

A)  legal cases that have established a rule that then may be used when deciding future cases with similar issues. 
B)  past decisions dictating all future cases regardless of the "goodness of fit." 
C)  a balancing process that reviews all of the factors in a case. 
D)  past criminal behaviors that become linked to the resolution of current cases. 
A)  legal cases that have established a rule that then may be used when deciding future cases with similar issues. 
B)  past decisions dictating all future cases regardless of the "goodness of fit." 
C)  a balancing process that reviews all of the factors in a case. 
D)  past criminal behaviors that become linked to the resolution of current cases.

Question 15

Which statement about the role of amicus curiae briefs is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are typically written by teams of researchers. 
B)  They have been used recently in cases arguing about same-sex marriage. 
C)  So far they have not been successful in educating judges about psychological research. 
D)  They can range from simple scientific reporting to impassioned advocacy. 
A)  They are typically written by teams of researchers. 
B)  They have been used recently in cases arguing about same-sex marriage. 
C)  So far they have not been successful in educating judges about psychological research. 
D)  They can range from simple scientific reporting to impassioned advocacy.

Question 16

An example of how the Canadian Psychological Association attempted to influence the legislature with a position paper involved:

Accepted Answer

A)  the insufficiency of repressed memories to serve as the sole basis of a conviction. 
B)  the lack of evidence to clearly support the existence of a gambling addiction diagnosis. 
C)  the accumulation of evidence that associates fibromyalgia with malingering. 
D)  the lack of agreement on the interpretation of the science of neuroplasticity. 
A)  the insufficiency of repressed memories to serve as the sole basis of a conviction. 
B)  the lack of evidence to clearly support the existence of a gambling addiction diagnosis. 
C)  the accumulation of evidence that associates fibromyalgia with malingering. 
D)  the lack of agreement on the interpretation of the science of neuroplasticity.

Question 17

The basis of the adversarial system in law is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the prosecution depends on the adverse nature of the case. 
B)  truth will emerge as a result of conflict between opposing sides. 
C)  the defense depends on eyewitness testimony only. 
D)  the truth always prevails. 
A)  the prosecution depends on the adverse nature of the case. 
B)  truth will emerge as a result of conflict between opposing sides. 
C)  the defense depends on eyewitness testimony only. 
D)  the truth always prevails.

Question 18

Once the research is done, a psychological study:

Accepted Answer

A)  is conclusive in all situations. 
B)  is truly definitive. 
C)  may be revised by contrary data. 
D)  never has to be repeated. 
A)  is conclusive in all situations. 
B)  is truly definitive. 
C)  may be revised by contrary data. 
D)  never has to be repeated.

Question 19

According to the text, what is NOT a feature of the Canadian Bar Association's Code of Professional Conduct?

Accepted Answer

A)  a duty not to let witnesses lie under oath 
B)  limits on the fees that can be assessed indigent clients 
C)  an emphasis on the duty to be fearless advocates 
D)  the responsibility to be candid with clients 
A)  a duty not to let witnesses lie under oath 
B)  limits on the fees that can be assessed indigent clients 
C)  an emphasis on the duty to be fearless advocates 
D)  the responsibility to be candid with clients

Question 20

Which statement regarding differences between Canadian law and U. S. law is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most U.S. states have abolished the death penalty. 
B)  Canadian courts are more often likely to refer to international law. 
C)  U.S. states have more uniformity of law than do the Canadian provinces. 
D)  Jurors are more restricted in discussing case outcomes in the U.S. 
A)  Most U.S. states have abolished the death penalty. 
B)  Canadian courts are more often likely to refer to international law. 
C)  U.S. states have more uniformity of law than do the Canadian provinces. 
D)  Jurors are more restricted in discussing case outcomes in the U.S.

When considering scientific testimony, gatekeeping, in the legal sense, includes:

The primary goal of psychological science is to:

According to the text, which statement regarding the way judges acquire scientific knowledge is FALSE?

The Mohan test outlines ____ points for determining the admissibility of expert testimony.

A modern interpretation of the doctrine of stare decisis would be that:

According to the text, the goal of psychology is to_, while the goal of the legal system is to_.

Which is NOT one of the characteristics of the legal culture?

Which court case expanded a judge's gatekeeping responsibility to include not only scientific testimony but any type of expert opinion?

Roles that psychologists may play in the legal system include:

According to the text, forensic practitioners are bound by ethical guidelines that prohibit all of these acts EXCEPT:

In the case General Electric v. Joiner, it was held that appellate courts should not:

The early leader of the realist movement who argued that laws must be continually re-examined in order to best serve the interests of society was:

Psychology can be described as _, while law is _.

Precedents can best be described as:

Which statement about the role of amicus curiae briefs is FALSE?

An example of how the Canadian Psychological Association attempted to influence the legislature with a position paper involved:

The basis of the adversarial system in law is that:

Once the research is done, a psychological study:

According to the text, what is NOT a feature of the Canadian Bar Association's Code of Professional Conduct?

Which statement regarding differences between Canadian law and U. S. law is TRUE?

Interrogations and Confessions

Lie Detection

Criminal Profiling

Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Interviewing Children and Memories of Sexual Abuse

Jury Selection

Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Fitness to Stand Trial and Criminal Responsibility

Predicting Violent Behaviour and Risk Assessment

Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

Battered Women Syndrome and Syndrome Evidence

Role of Psychology in the Civil Area: Child Custody Disputes, Parental Competence, Workplace Law

Filters

Exam 1: Psychology and the Law: a Cautious Alliance

When considering scientific testimony, gatekeeping, in the legal sense, includes:

The primary goal of psychological science is to:

According to the text, which statement regarding the way judges acquire scientific knowledge is FALSE?

The Mohan test outlines ____ points for determining the admissibility of expert testimony.

A modern interpretation of the doctrine of stare decisis would be that:

According to the text, the goal of psychology is to_____, while the goal of the legal system is to_____.

Which is NOT one of the characteristics of the legal culture?

Which court case expanded a judge's gatekeeping responsibility to include not only scientific testimony but any type of expert opinion?

Roles that psychologists may play in the legal system include:

According to the text, forensic practitioners are bound by ethical guidelines that prohibit all of these acts EXCEPT:

In the case General Electric v. Joiner, it was held that appellate courts should not:

The early leader of the realist movement who argued that laws must be continually re-examined in order to best serve the interests of society was:

Psychology can be described as _____, while law is _____.

Precedents can best be described as:

Which statement about the role of amicus curiae briefs is FALSE?

An example of how the Canadian Psychological Association attempted to influence the legislature with a position paper involved:

The basis of the adversarial system in law is that:

Once the research is done, a psychological study:

According to the text, what is NOT a feature of the Canadian Bar Association's Code of Professional Conduct?

Which statement regarding differences between Canadian law and U. S. law is TRUE?

Interrogations and Confessions

Lie Detection

Criminal Profiling

Eyewitness Identification and Testimony

Interviewing Children and Memories of Sexual Abuse

Jury Selection

Juries and Judges As Decision Makers

Fitness to Stand Trial and Criminal Responsibility

Predicting Violent Behaviour and Risk Assessment

Corrections: Sentencing, Imprisonment, and Alternatives

Battered Women Syndrome and Syndrome Evidence

Role of Psychology in the Civil Area: Child Custody Disputes, Parental Competence, Workplace Law

Filters

According to the text, the goal of psychology is to_, while the goal of the legal system is to_.

Psychology can be described as _, while law is _.