Question 1

The process of evolution toward niche divergence in the face of competition is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) niche displacement 
B) niche evolution 
C) character displacement 
D) character evolution 
E) allopatric displacement 
A) niche displacement 
B) niche evolution 
C) character displacement 
D) character evolution 
E) allopatric displacement

Question 2

If the isocline for species 1 lies above that of species 2,

Accepted Answer

A) species 2 will eventually exclude species 1. 
B) a stable coexistence of the two species has been established. 
C) species 1 will eventually exclude species 2. 
D) an unstable coexistence of the two species has been established. 
E) all growth trajectories lead to the point where N2=K2 and N1=0. 
A) species 2 will eventually exclude species 1. 
B) a stable coexistence of the two species has been established. 
C) species 1 will eventually exclude species 2. 
D) an unstable coexistence of the two species has been established. 
E) all growth trajectories lead to the point where N2=K2 and N1=0.

Question 3

Intraspecific competition for limited resources can play a key role in slowing population growth at high densities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Research by James Byers on the relationship between a native and an invasive species of mud snail

Accepted Answer

A) demonstrated that the invasive species Batillaria grows faster than the native species Cerithidea. 
B) demonstrated that at high densities Batillaria continued to grow at a relatively high rate while Cerithidea lost weight. 
C) indicated that Batillaria is much more efficient at converting available food into its own biomass. 
D) predicts a time to competitive exclusion of Cerithidea by Batillaria of 55 to 70 years. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) demonstrated that the invasive species Batillaria grows faster than the native species Cerithidea. 
B) demonstrated that at high densities Batillaria continued to grow at a relatively high rate while Cerithidea lost weight. 
C) indicated that Batillaria is much more efficient at converting available food into its own biomass. 
D) predicts a time to competitive exclusion of Cerithidea by Batillaria of 55 to 70 years. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 5

Intraspecific competition among planthoppers

Accepted Answer

A) results in reduced survivorship. 
B) results in increased development time. 
C) occurs via resources rather than interference. 
D) occurs because plants exploited by planthoppers have less protein and less moisture. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) results in reduced survivorship. 
B) results in increased development time. 
C) occurs via resources rather than interference. 
D) occurs because plants exploited by planthoppers have less protein and less moisture. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 6

In the Lotka-Volterra competition equations,the parameter $\alpha$12 relates to the

Accepted Answer

A) population growth rate. 
B) carrying capacity in the absence of competition. 
C) carrying capacity in the presence of competition. 
D) effect OF species 2 ON population growth rate OF species 1. 
E) effect OF species 1 ON population growth rate OF species 2. 
A) population growth rate. 
B) carrying capacity in the absence of competition. 
C) carrying capacity in the presence of competition. 
D) effect OF species 2 ON population growth rate OF species 1. 
E) effect OF species 1 ON population growth rate OF species 2.

Question 7

Experiments with terrestrial isopods demonstrate that competition can occur only when food resources are limiting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When the average mass of individual plants in a stand is plotted against stand density (log-transformed),the slope of the relationship is very often around

Accepted Answer

A) -1/2. 
B) -1. 
C) -3/2. 
D) +1/2. 
E) +3/2. 
A) -1/2. 
B) -1. 
C) -3/2. 
D) +1/2. 
E) +3/2.

Question 9

When a new species arises through hybridization followed by doubling of chromosome number,the process is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a new species arises through hybridization...

Question 10

Which of the following statements about damselfish on Jamaican reefs is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Damselfish engage in both intraspecific and interspecific competition. 
B) Damselfish compete for territories they use for feeding. 
C) Damselfish attack intruders threatening their young. 
D) Damselfish without territories die. 
E) Competition in damselfish is "interference" competition. 
A) Damselfish engage in both intraspecific and interspecific competition. 
B) Damselfish compete for territories they use for feeding. 
C) Damselfish attack intruders threatening their young. 
D) Damselfish without territories die. 
E) Competition in damselfish is "interference" competition.

The process of evolution toward niche divergence in the face of competition is called ____________.

If the isocline for species 1 lies above that of species 2,

Intraspecific competition for limited resources can play a key role in slowing population growth at high densities.

Research by James Byers on the relationship between a native and an invasive species of mud snail

Intraspecific competition among planthoppers

In the Lotka-Volterra competition equations,the parameter $\alpha$ ₁₂ relates to the

Experiments with terrestrial isopods demonstrate that competition can occur only when food resources are limiting.

When the average mass of individual plants in a stand is plotted against stand density (log-transformed),the slope of the relationship is very often around

When a new species arises through hybridization followed by doubling of chromosome number,the process is called _____________.

Which of the following statements about damselfish on Jamaican reefs is false?

Introduction to Ecology: Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Social Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Exploitative Interactions: Predation, herbivory, parasitism, and Disease

Mutualism

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Succession and Stability

Landscape Ecology

Geographic Ecology

Global Ecology

Filters

Exam 13: Competition

The process of evolution toward niche divergence in the face of competition is called ____________.

If the isocline for species 1 lies above that of species 2,

Intraspecific competition for limited resources can play a key role in slowing population growth at high densities.

Research by James Byers on the relationship between a native and an invasive species of mud snail

Intraspecific competition among planthoppers

In the Lotka-Volterra competition equations,the parameter α\alphaα 12 relates to the

Experiments with terrestrial isopods demonstrate that competition can occur only when food resources are limiting.

When the average mass of individual plants in a stand is plotted against stand density (log-transformed),the slope of the relationship is very often around

When a new species arises through hybridization followed by doubling of chromosome number,the process is called _____________.

Which of the following statements about damselfish on Jamaican reefs is false?

Introduction to Ecology: Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Social Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Exploitative Interactions: Predation, herbivory, parasitism, and Disease

Mutualism

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Succession and Stability

Landscape Ecology

Geographic Ecology

Global Ecology

Filters

In the Lotka-Volterra competition equations,the parameter $\alpha$ ₁₂ relates to the