Question 1

Streams with higher densities of stream invertebrates would be expected to have shorter spiraling lengths.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A major perturbation of the carbon cycle by human activity is associated with

Accepted Answer

A) release of carbon from carbonate rocks. 
B) release of carbon from fossil fuel deposits. 
C) removal of carbon from the atmosphere in the industrial production of fertilizers. 
D) accelerated removal of carbon from the atmosphere by forests. 
E) respiratory production of CO2 by the large human population. 
A) release of carbon from carbonate rocks. 
B) release of carbon from fossil fuel deposits. 
C) removal of carbon from the atmosphere in the industrial production of fertilizers. 
D) accelerated removal of carbon from the atmosphere by forests. 
E) respiratory production of CO2 by the large human population.

Question 3

In a normal distribution,_____ of the observations fall within one standard deviation of the mean.

Accepted Answer

A) 31.7% 
B) 68.3% 
C) 95.5% 
D) 98.3% 
E) 99.7% 
A) 31.7% 
B) 68.3% 
C) 95.5% 
D) 98.3% 
E) 99.7%

Question 4

In aquatic ecosystems,the major agents of decomposition are

Accepted Answer

A) aquatic fungi. 
B) bacteria. 
C) algae. 
D) detritivorous fish. 
E) piscivorous fish. 
A) aquatic fungi. 
B) bacteria. 
C) algae. 
D) detritivorous fish. 
E) piscivorous fish.

Question 5

Vanni and colleagues found a positive correlation between the N:P ratios of fish and amphibians and their N:P excretion ratios in a tropical stream in Venezuela.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

"Nitrification" is the conversion of

Accepted Answer

A) carbon compounds to nitrogen compounds. 
B) nitrogen gas (N2)to ammonia (NH2). 
C) ammonium (NH4+)to nitrate (NO3-). 
D) ammonia (NH3)to nitrogen gas (N2). 
E) ammonium (NH4+)to nitrite (NO2-). 
A) carbon compounds to nitrogen compounds. 
B) nitrogen gas (N2)to ammonia (NH2). 
C) ammonium (NH4+)to nitrate (NO3-). 
D) ammonia (NH3)to nitrogen gas (N2). 
E) ammonium (NH4+)to nitrite (NO2-).

Question 7

Nitrogen fixation is an energy-demanding process because of the strong _____ bond between the two nitrogen atoms in the N2 molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) single covalent 
B) double covalent 
C) triple covalent 
D) ionic 
E) hydrogen 
A) single covalent 
B) double covalent 
C) triple covalent 
D) ionic 
E) hydrogen

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an agent of nitrogen fixation?

Accepted Answer

A) mycorrhizal fungi 
B) cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) 
C) bacteria associated with legume roots 
D) lightning 
E) actinomycete bacteria associated with alder roots 
A) mycorrhizal fungi 
B) cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) 
C) bacteria associated with legume roots 
D) lightning 
E) actinomycete bacteria associated with alder roots

Question 9

The largest reservoir of phosphorus in most ecosystems is phosphorus

Accepted Answer

A) in the atmosphere. 
B) dissolved in water. 
C) in rocks and sediments. 
D) bound in animal tissues. 
E) bound in plant tissues. 
A) in the atmosphere. 
B) dissolved in water. 
C) in rocks and sediments. 
D) bound in animal tissues. 
E) bound in plant tissues.

Question 10

Plants in low nutrient ecosystems tend to

Accepted Answer

A) grow slowly and allocate more resources to shoots than roots. 
B) grow rapidly and allocate more resources to shoots than roots. 
C) grow rapidly and allocate more resources to roots than shoots. 
D) grow slowly and allocate more resources to roots than shoots. 
E) grow rapidly and allocate equal resources to roots and shoots. 
A) grow slowly and allocate more resources to shoots than roots. 
B) grow rapidly and allocate more resources to shoots than roots. 
C) grow rapidly and allocate more resources to roots than shoots. 
D) grow slowly and allocate more resources to roots than shoots. 
E) grow rapidly and allocate equal resources to roots and shoots.

Question 11

A normal distribution is assumed for which of the following statistical tests?

Accepted Answer

A) Student's t-test 
B) 95% confidence intervals 
C) regression analysis 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) both Student's t-test and 95% confidence intervals 
A) Student's t-test 
B) 95% confidence intervals 
C) regression analysis 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) both Student's t-test and 95% confidence intervals

Question 12

In Judy Meyer and Gene Likens' study of phosphorus in Bear Brook,

Accepted Answer

A) most phosphorus inputs occurred during spring snowmelt. 
B) phosphorus inputs were nearly constant over the year. 
C) most phosphorus losses occurred during autumn leaf fall. 
D) most phosphorus losses occurred during storms and snowmelt. 
E) phosphorus losses were nearly constant over the year. 
A) most phosphorus inputs occurred during spring snowmelt. 
B) phosphorus inputs were nearly constant over the year. 
C) most phosphorus losses occurred during autumn leaf fall. 
D) most phosphorus losses occurred during storms and snowmelt. 
E) phosphorus losses were nearly constant over the year.

Question 13

________________ is the process of increased nutrient inputs into an ecosystem resulting in increased primary productivity and reduced biodiversity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________________ is the process of increased nutrient...

Question 14

Nitrate is converted to molecular nitrogen,N2,in a process called

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen fixation. 
B) ammonification. 
C) denitrification. 
D) nitrification. 
E) nitrogen assimilation. 
A) nitrogen fixation. 
B) ammonification. 
C) denitrification. 
D) nitrification. 
E) nitrogen assimilation.

Question 15

Nitrogen export was greatest in streams draining watersheds from

Accepted Answer

A) forested areas. 
B) agricultural areas. 
C) suburban areas. 
D) urban areas. 
E) Nitrogen export was similar in streams from forested,agricultural,suburban,and urban areas. 
A) forested areas. 
B) agricultural areas. 
C) suburban areas. 
D) urban areas. 
E) Nitrogen export was similar in streams from forested,agricultural,suburban,and urban areas.

Question 16

_____________ is the movement of nutrients between pools of an ecosystem and influences the distribution of nutrients.

Accepted Answer

A) Nutrient shedding 
B) Nutrient cruising 
C) Nutrient source 
D) Nutrient sink 
E) Nutrient flux 
A) Nutrient shedding 
B) Nutrient cruising 
C) Nutrient source 
D) Nutrient sink 
E) Nutrient flux

Streams with higher densities of stream invertebrates would be expected to have shorter spiraling lengths.

A major perturbation of the carbon cycle by human activity is associated with

In a normal distribution,_____ of the observations fall within one standard deviation of the mean.

In aquatic ecosystems,the major agents of decomposition are

Vanni and colleagues found a positive correlation between the N:P ratios of fish and amphibians and their N:P excretion ratios in a tropical stream in Venezuela.

"Nitrification" is the conversion of

Nitrogen fixation is an energy-demanding process because of the strong _____ bond between the two nitrogen atoms in the N₂ molecule.

Which of the following is NOT an agent of nitrogen fixation?

The largest reservoir of phosphorus in most ecosystems is phosphorus

Plants in low nutrient ecosystems tend to

A normal distribution is assumed for which of the following statistical tests?

In Judy Meyer and Gene Likens' study of phosphorus in Bear Brook,

________________ is the process of increased nutrient inputs into an ecosystem resulting in increased primary productivity and reduced biodiversity.

Nitrate is converted to molecular nitrogen,N₂,in a process called

Nitrogen export was greatest in streams draining watersheds from

_____________ is the movement of nutrients between pools of an ecosystem and influences the distribution of nutrients.

Introduction to Ecology: Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Social Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Competition

Exploitative Interactions: Predation, herbivory, parasitism, and Disease

Mutualism

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Succession and Stability

Landscape Ecology

Geographic Ecology

Global Ecology

Filters

Exam 19: Nutrient Cycling and Retention

Streams with higher densities of stream invertebrates would be expected to have shorter spiraling lengths.

A major perturbation of the carbon cycle by human activity is associated with

In a normal distribution,_____ of the observations fall within one standard deviation of the mean.

In aquatic ecosystems,the major agents of decomposition are

Vanni and colleagues found a positive correlation between the N:P ratios of fish and amphibians and their N:P excretion ratios in a tropical stream in Venezuela.

"Nitrification" is the conversion of

Nitrogen fixation is an energy-demanding process because of the strong _____ bond between the two nitrogen atoms in the N2 molecule.

Which of the following is NOT an agent of nitrogen fixation?

The largest reservoir of phosphorus in most ecosystems is phosphorus

Plants in low nutrient ecosystems tend to

A normal distribution is assumed for which of the following statistical tests?

In Judy Meyer and Gene Likens' study of phosphorus in Bear Brook,

________________ is the process of increased nutrient inputs into an ecosystem resulting in increased primary productivity and reduced biodiversity.

Nitrate is converted to molecular nitrogen,N2,in a process called

Nitrogen export was greatest in streams draining watersheds from

_____________ is the movement of nutrients between pools of an ecosystem and influences the distribution of nutrients.

Introduction to Ecology: Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers

Life on Land

Life in Water

Population Genetics and Natural Selection

Temperature Relations

Water Relations

Energy and Nutrient Relations

Social Relations

Population Distribution and Abundance

Population Dynamics

Population Growth

Life Histories

Competition

Exploitative Interactions: Predation, herbivory, parasitism, and Disease

Mutualism

Species Abundance and Diversity

Species Interactions and Community Structure

Primary Production and Energy Flow

Succession and Stability

Landscape Ecology

Geographic Ecology

Global Ecology

Filters

Nitrogen fixation is an energy-demanding process because of the strong _____ bond between the two nitrogen atoms in the N₂ molecule.

Nitrate is converted to molecular nitrogen,N₂,in a process called