Exam 11: Generalization, Discrimination, and Stimulus Control

Judy gives a monkey a choice between a sphere and various other three-dimensional shapes. Each time the animal selects the sphere, it receives a grape; if it selects the other object, it receives nothing. Judy is engaged in _______.

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Question 1

Correct Answer:

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Honig and Slivka trained pigeons to peck discs of various colors. After this they began shocking the birds when they pecked a disc of a particular color. This __________.

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Question 2

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Discuss whether stimulus control is a good thing. (328) Answers should note that stimulus control is good or bad to the extent that the behavior involved is appropriate to the situation.

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Question 3

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Stimulus control can be both a good and a bad thing, depending on the behavior involved and the situation. Stimulus control refers to the influence that environmental factors have on our behavior. In some cases, having strong stimulus control can be beneficial. For example, when a person is able to focus and concentrate on a task in a noisy environment, this is a positive example of stimulus control. On the other hand, if a person is easily distracted by their environment and has trouble staying on task, this would be a negative example of stimulus control.

In general, stimulus control is a good thing when it leads to appropriate behavior in a given situation. For instance, if a person is able to control their impulses and avoid engaging in risky behavior when they are in a high-stress situation, this is a positive example of stimulus control. However, if a person's behavior is not appropriate for the situation, then stimulus control would be considered a negative influence.

Ultimately, the impact of stimulus control depends on the specific behavior and the context in which it occurs. It is important to recognize that stimulus control can be a powerful force in shaping behavior, and to strive for a balanced and adaptive response to environmental influences.

Pigeons that have learned to peck a disc when two lights of the same color come on, and not when the lights differ, can be said to have learned a concept.

(True/False)

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Question 4

In ________discrimination training an S^Δ is introduced in a form so weak that the organism does not respond to it.

(Short Answer)

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Question 5

The figures below illustrate various generalization gradients. The greatest degree of generalization is depicted by Figure _______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 6

Steven, a drug abuser, is released from a clinic. He is free of drugs, and has sworn never to take drugs again. He returns to his old neighborhood. You predict that within six months, Steven will ______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 7

Bill conducts an experiment in which he pairs the word psychologist with words such as nasty, evil, and corrupt. Later Bill asks his subjects to give their opinion of various professions by rating them on A scale from very positive to very negative. Of the following professions, _______ will probably Receive the lowest rating.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 8

Providing different consequences for different responses can enhance discrimination training. This finding is called the _______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 9

In the Dweck and Repucci study, teachers asked students to work on unsolvable problems, and then on problems that could be solved. They failed to solve the second set of problems, but were able to solve similar problems when the problems were presented _______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 10

An S^D is analogous to a ______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 11

The tendency of changes in one behavior to spread to other behaviors is called __________ generalization.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 12

Dweck and Repucci had teachers give students unsolvable problems, and then problems that could be solved. The result was that the students __________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 13

Robert Eisenberger found that rewarding a high level of effort on one task increases the level of effort on other tasks. This illustrates _______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 14

You test Mary's drawing ability by having her draw fruit, animals, landscapes, and houses. Mary then takes a drawing class in which she learns to draw human figures. You decide to test Mary again to see if her drawing ability has improved. You predict that if she shows any improvement at all it will be at drawing _______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 15

Spence's theory anticipated the discovery of the peak shift phenomenon.

(True/False)

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Question 16

Howard studied hard for his math test and found that what he learned helped him on his physics test. Howard benefited from _______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 17

When a behavior reliably occurs in the presence of an SD, but not in the presence of an S-, we can say the behavior is _______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 18

The findings of Eisenberger and others concerning increasing effort is called _______.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 19

The person whose name is most associated with errorless discrimination training is _______.

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Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 54

Judy gives a monkey a choice between a sphere and various other three-dimensional shapes. Each time the animal selects the sphere, it receives a grape; if it selects the other object, it receives nothing. Judy is engaged in _______.

Honig and Slivka trained pigeons to peck discs of various colors. After this they began shocking the birds when they pecked a disc of a particular color. This __________.

Discuss whether stimulus control is a good thing. (328) Answers should note that stimulus control is good or bad to the extent that the behavior involved is appropriate to the situation.

Pigeons that have learned to peck a disc when two lights of the same color come on, and not when the lights differ, can be said to have learned a concept.

In ________discrimination training an S^Δ is introduced in a form so weak that the organism does not respond to it.

The figures below illustrate various generalization gradients. The greatest degree of generalization is depicted by Figure _______.

Steven, a drug abuser, is released from a clinic. He is free of drugs, and has sworn never to take drugs again. He returns to his old neighborhood. You predict that within six months, Steven will ______.

Providing different consequences for different responses can enhance discrimination training. This finding is called the _______.

In the Dweck and Repucci study, teachers asked students to work on unsolvable problems, and then on problems that could be solved. They failed to solve the second set of problems, but were able to solve similar problems when the problems were presented _______.

An S^D is analogous to a ______.

The tendency of changes in one behavior to spread to other behaviors is called __________ generalization.

Dweck and Repucci had teachers give students unsolvable problems, and then problems that could be solved. The result was that the students __________.

Robert Eisenberger found that rewarding a high level of effort on one task increases the level of effort on other tasks. This illustrates _______.

Spence's theory anticipated the discovery of the peak shift phenomenon.

Howard studied hard for his math test and found that what he learned helped him on his physics test. Howard benefited from _______.

When a behavior reliably occurs in the presence of an SD, but not in the presence of an S-, we can say the behavior is _______.

The findings of Eisenberger and others concerning increasing effort is called _______.

The person whose name is most associated with errorless discrimination training is _______.

Introduction: Learning to Change

The Study of Learning and Behavior

Pavlovian Procedures

Pavlovian Applications

Reinforcement

Reinforcement: Beyond Habit

Schedules of Reinforcement

Operant Procedures: Punishment

Operant Applications

Observational Learning

Forgetting

The Limits of Learning

Filters

Exam 11: Generalization, Discrimination, and Stimulus Control

Judy gives a monkey a choice between a sphere and various other three-dimensional shapes. Each time the animal selects the sphere, it receives a grape; if it selects the other object, it receives nothing. Judy is engaged in _______.

Honig and Slivka trained pigeons to peck discs of various colors. After this they began shocking the birds when they pecked a disc of a particular color. This __________.

Discuss whether stimulus control is a good thing. (328) Answers should note that stimulus control is good or bad to the extent that the behavior involved is appropriate to the situation.

Pigeons that have learned to peck a disc when two lights of the same color come on, and not when the lights differ, can be said to have learned a concept.

In ________discrimination training an SΔ is introduced in a form so weak that the organism does not respond to it.

The figures below illustrate various generalization gradients. The greatest degree of generalization is depicted by Figure _______.

Steven, a drug abuser, is released from a clinic. He is free of drugs, and has sworn never to take drugs again. He returns to his old neighborhood. You predict that within six months, Steven will ______.

Providing different consequences for different responses can enhance discrimination training. This finding is called the _______.

In the Dweck and Repucci study, teachers asked students to work on unsolvable problems, and then on problems that could be solved. They failed to solve the second set of problems, but were able to solve similar problems when the problems were presented _______.

An SD is analogous to a ______.

The tendency of changes in one behavior to spread to other behaviors is called __________ generalization.

Dweck and Repucci had teachers give students unsolvable problems, and then problems that could be solved. The result was that the students __________.

Robert Eisenberger found that rewarding a high level of effort on one task increases the level of effort on other tasks. This illustrates _______.

Spence's theory anticipated the discovery of the peak shift phenomenon.

Howard studied hard for his math test and found that what he learned helped him on his physics test. Howard benefited from _______.

When a behavior reliably occurs in the presence of an SD, but not in the presence of an S-, we can say the behavior is _______.

The findings of Eisenberger and others concerning increasing effort is called _______.

The person whose name is most associated with errorless discrimination training is _______.

Introduction: Learning to Change

The Study of Learning and Behavior

Pavlovian Procedures

Pavlovian Applications

Reinforcement

Reinforcement: Beyond Habit

Schedules of Reinforcement

Operant Procedures: Punishment

Operant Applications

Observational Learning

Forgetting

The Limits of Learning

Filters

In ________discrimination training an S^Δ is introduced in a form so weak that the organism does not respond to it.

An S^D is analogous to a ______.