Exam 10: Race and Ethnicity

The______________includes the belief that racism is such an ingrained feature of U.S.society that it appears to be ordinary and natural to many people.

Historically,stratification based on race and ethnicity has pervaded all aspects of political,economics,and social life.Consider sports as an example.Even after______________broke the "color line" in 1947 to become the first African American in Major League Baseball,his experience was marred by racial slurs,hate letters,and death threats.

The earliest Japanese immigrants were primarily:

Explain the major theories of prejudice and provide a discussion on how prejudice is measured.

Scapegoats are often used as substitutes for the actual source of the frustration.For example,members of subordinate racial and ethnic groups are often blamed for societal problems (such as unemployment or an economic recession)over which they have no control.

In the coldest part of the winter of 1832,over half of the Cherokee Nation died during or as a result of their forced relocation from the southeastern United States to the Indian Territory in .

Sociologist Joe Feagin identified______________as harmful action intentionally taken by a dominant group member against a member of a subordinate group.This type of discrimination occurs without the support of other members of the dominant group in the immediate social or community context.

Native Americans are the most disadvantaged racial or ethnic group in the United States in terms of income,employment,housing,nutrition,and health.

Ethnocentrism is maintained and perpetuated in stereotypes,which are overgeneralizations about the appearance,behavior,or other characteristics of members of particular categories.

______________ assimilation occurs when members of an ethnic group adopt dominant group traits,such as language,dress,values,religion,and food preferences.

Summarize the racial and ethnic experiences of Latinos/as (Hispanic Americans)in the United States.

Since 1970,many immigrants have arrived in the United States from countries located in the "Middle East," which is the geographic region from Afghanistan to Libya and includes Arabia,Cyprus,and Asiatic Turkey.

Anti-Semitism is discrimination,prejudice and hostile attitudes directed at______________.

______________ examine how microlevel contacts between people may produce either greater racial tolerance or increased levels of hostility.

Equalitarian pluralism describes a situation in which ethnic groups coexist in equality with one another.This pattern is also referred to as:

In the______________hypothesis,symbolic interactionists point out that when people from divergent groups are exposed to each other,favorable attitudes and behavior develop when certain factors are present.

Ethnic groups share all of the following main characteristics EXCEPT:

The "head-to-toe covering" that leaves only the face exposed of many Arab women and girls is known as the __________.

According to psychologist Theodor Adorno,a permissive personality is more likely to develop in a family environment in which dominating parents who are anxious about status use physical discipline but show very little love in raising their children.

To sociologists,a______________is one that is advantaged and has superior resources and rights in a society.